共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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通过试验测定汽车齿轮轴用钢SCM440H经淬火和高温回火后的扭转疲劳寿命,并采用扫描电镜(SEM) 对疲劳断口进行观察、分析。结果表明,显微组织为回火索氏体的SCM440H齿轮轴用钢,在106的循环周次下,扭转疲劳强度约为253MPa;不同切应力幅下的扭转疲劳断口呈现韧性断裂特征,疲劳断口裂纹源处没有明显的析出物。 相似文献
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采用Instron-8801型电液伺服疲劳实验机对复合细化工艺制备的超细晶工业纯钛进行高周腐蚀疲劳实验,实验条件为水浴恒温(17.9±0.5)℃,3.5%NaCl(pH=8.1±0.2),加载频率(f)=25 Hz、应力比(R)=-1。利用得到的实验数据拟合实验加载应力幅(σa)与疲劳断裂循环周次(Nf)间的关系,绘制应力-寿命曲线(S-N曲线)。研究材料的腐蚀疲劳性能,并对腐蚀疲劳宏观断口形貌进行观察分析。结果表明:在3.5%NaCl溶液中,超细晶工业纯钛的腐蚀疲劳极限值(σ-1)为403.1 MPa(44.35%)。与常规疲劳相似,随着加载应力的增加,材料的疲劳断裂循环周次急剧减小,并与常规超细晶工业纯钛和粗晶工业纯钛相比较,发现细晶强化极大地提高了材料的疲劳极限。腐蚀疲劳裂纹源萌生于材料表面,可以直观地观察到材料腐蚀疲劳裂纹的萌生、扩展、断裂典型区域的特征。断口表面较为平整光滑,观察发现有大量的疲劳辉纹和少量的二次裂纹。材料具有较强的疲劳裂纹扩展抵抗能力,耐腐蚀疲劳性能优良。 相似文献
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测定了国产和进口核电站凝汽器用钛焊管在室温大气和人工海水100℃水蒸汽介质中的疲劳性能,同时采用扫描电子显微镜对疲劳断口进行了观察,探讨了钛焊管的蒸汽腐蚀疲劳机理。研究结果表明:国产钛焊管与进口钛焊管的疲劳寿命较为接近,水蒸汽氛围大幅度降低了钛焊管的疲劳寿命;疲劳试样的裂纹均萌生于钛焊管焊缝区域的外表面,多为多源萌生,裂纹扩展均以条纹机理为主;断口处有少量二次裂纹,未发现沿晶断裂及周期解理断裂特征,静断区断口形貌为韧窝;从蒸汽腐蚀疲劳试样中,未能观察到明显的腐蚀产物;钛焊管的蒸汽疲劳腐蚀是交变应力和电化学腐蚀交互作用的结果。 相似文献
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采用轴向应变幅控制的低周疲劳试验研究了总应变幅对4Cr5MoSiV1热作模具钢700 ℃低周疲劳行为的影响,包括循环应力响应行为、循环应力应变行为、循环迟滞回线和应变疲劳寿命行为等。结果表明:随着总应变幅从0.2%增大到0.6%,4Cr5MoSiV1钢在700 ℃时循环应力响应均表现为先循环硬化再循环软化的特性,并且应力幅最大值从220 MPa增大到308 MPa。同时,随着总应变幅的增大,4Cr5MoSiV1钢在700 ℃下的低周疲劳寿命由6750循环周次降低到210循环周次,且其过渡寿命约为1313循环周次。疲劳断口形貌分析结果显示,高温低周疲劳过程中裂纹主要萌生于试样表面处,且随着应变幅增大,裂纹源逐渐增多,疲劳条纹间距变宽,其断裂方式由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂。透射电镜分析结果显示,循环软化可能与板条结构转变为胞状结构、基体发生位错湮灭、碳化物的析出和粗化有关。 相似文献
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利用地实际使用时断理解的髋关节的断口和表面进行了分析,认为此关节的断裂为以弯曲应力为主的腐蚀疲劳断裂。疲劳理解纹首先在表面的腐蚀点孕育产生,应力和腐蚀的共同作用使得裂纹得以扩展直至关节断裂。 相似文献
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采用三点抗弯的方法研究WC-6Co梯度结构硬质合金和均质WC-6Co硬质合金的疲劳行为,探讨疲劳断口形貌与破坏机制的关系。结果表明:梯度结构硬质合金的疲劳裂纹在亚表面萌生;梯度结构硬质合金表层Co相发生明显塑性变形,WC相以沿晶断裂为主;中间层Co相变形也很明显,WC相解理断裂增加;内层Co相塑性变形很少,WC、η相以解理断裂为主;均质硬质合金Co相塑性变形明显,WC以沿晶、解理断裂为主,各部位断口形貌接近;梯度结构硬质合金的疲劳极限比均质硬质合金高约100 MPa;梯度结构硬质合金中疲劳裂纹沿垂直于试样下表面、平行于Co相梯度的方向形核,而均质硬质合金的疲劳裂纹沿平行于试样外表面方向形核。在应力集中效应、循环应力的作用下,Co相的马氏体相变是裂纹在亚表面萌生的主要原因;马氏体相变使Co相成为裂纹形核的快速通道,裂纹沿Co相梯度方向形核。 相似文献
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《钢铁研究学报(英文版)》2015,(7)
Very high cycle fatigue behavior(107-109 cycles)of 304 Laustenitic stainless steel was studied with ultrasonic fatigue testing system(20kHz).The characteristics of fatigue crack initiation and propagation were discussed based on the observation of surface plastic deformation and heat dissipation.It was found that micro-plasticity(slip markings)could be observed on the specimen surface even at very low stress amplitudes.The persistent slip markings increased clearly along with a remarkable process of heat dissipation just before the fatigue failure.By detailed investigation using a scanning electron microscope and an infrared camera,slip markings appeared at the large grains where the fatigue crack initiation site was located.The surface temperature around the fatigue crack tip and the slip markings close to the fracture surface increased prominently with the propagation of fatigue crack.Finally,the coupling relationship among the fatigue crack propagation,appearance of surface slip markings and heat dissipation was analyzed for a better understanding of ultrasonic fatigue damage behavior. 相似文献
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摘要:采用质量分数为5%的NaCl溶液在盐雾腐蚀箱进行30~90d加速腐蚀试验,研究了盐雾腐蚀对HRB400E钢筋低周疲劳行为和拉伸性能的影响。然后采用轴向位移控制模拟地震载荷对腐蚀钢筋开展了低周疲劳和拉伸试验,获得循环响应特征曲线和应变 寿命曲线。结合SEM断口形貌观察,分析钢筋的低周疲劳断裂机制。结果表明:盐雾腐蚀对钢筋的质量和尺寸有明显影响,钢筋表面产生腐蚀坑;钢筋的力学性能随腐蚀时间增加而降低,腐蚀90d的断裂伸长率下降率达461%,屈服强度在腐蚀30d以后可能就不再满足标准要求;腐蚀明显削弱了钢筋的抗循环载荷性能,导致低周疲劳寿命下降;腐蚀会减小钢筋的裂纹扩展区面积并加速裂纹扩展。 相似文献
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The effect of Pt ion plating on the high cycle axial fatigue life of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo specimens was studied at room temperature
and 455 °C. Unlike other coatings, the plated material tested in this work showed an increase in fatigue strength when compared
to uncoated material. The fatigue strength improvement was greater at 455 °C than at room temperature. Coated specimens cycled
close to the fatigue limit at 455 °C demonstrated the highest improvement, which was associated with subsurface fatigue crack
initiation. The uncoated specimens, tested under similar conditions, failed by cracking at the surface. Sectioning analysis
showed no defects in the subsurface initiation sites. The initiation was related to groups of similarly aligned coarse α platelets.
It is suggested that the Pt ion plating caused some surface hardening as well as oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures
leading to the suppression of surface crack initiation. 相似文献
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在定向凝固炉中采用螺旋选晶法制备了一种单晶高温合金试棒,标准热处理后加工成旋转弯曲高周疲劳试样,试样中间位置用电火花加工成不同尺寸的孔洞以模拟叶片的表面缺陷,在980 ℃、应力分别为400 MPa和500 MPa条件下,研究表面孔洞对合金高周疲劳性能的影响,用扫描电镜分析了疲劳试样的断口形貌.结果表明,与标准试样相比,带有孔洞合金的高周疲劳寿命都有不同程度的降低,随着表面孔洞尺寸增大,合金的疲劳寿命逐渐减小.在合金试样的高周疲劳断口上可见疲劳源区、裂纹扩展区和瞬断区.相对于标准试样,带有孔洞试样疲劳源除了试样表面,还有表面孔洞,所有试样都为多源疲劳断裂.与高温下拉伸持久的断裂机制不同,高温下旋转弯曲高周疲劳为类解理断裂. 相似文献
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On the mechanism of fatigue crack growth in silicon nitride 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The mechanism of fatigue crack growth in silicon nitride under the experimental conditions utilized is found to be of a cyclic
nature, as contrasted to a form of static fatigue observed in some other ceramic systems. Conventional methods of analysis
of the rate of fatigue crack growth in terms of ΔKeff are not applicable, because the results of the experimental portion of this investigation show that ΔKeff can decrease as the rate of fatigue crack growth increases. A mechanism which involves the formation of microcracks caused
by a wedge effect which develops during the unloading portion of a cycle is discussed and evaluated. The wedge effect results
from crack closure, which arises due to the roughness of the intergranular fracture surface as well as to debris trapped between
the opposing fracture surfaces. In the proposed mechanism, the extent of crack advance per cycle is limited because of the
decrease in stress intensity factor with crack advance in a given cycle associated with the wedge effect. The quantitative
results of a semiempirical analysis of tests carried out in either air or vacuum are in agreement with some unusual experimental
trends. 相似文献
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钢轨表面疲劳裂纹扩展机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对轮轨接触疲劳问题,基于Hertz接触理论与库伦摩擦定律,建立含表面裂纹的轮轨接触疲劳计算模型,并对加载位置、轴重、摩擦因数等因素对裂纹扩展速率的影响进行研究。结果表明,轮轨滚动接触的表面裂纹为I-II型裂纹,且以II型扩展为主,其最容易发生断裂的位置在接触斑边缘。轴重和摩擦力是影响轮轨接触疲劳的两个重要因素;随着轴重的增加,应力强度因子[KI、][KII]均呈增加趋势,20 t相对于10 t分别增加359%和185%;随着摩擦因数的增加,应力强度因子[KI、][KII]均呈增加趋势,0.3的摩擦因数相对于无摩擦分别增加了108.7%和119.3%,表明摩擦力的存在明显加剧了裂纹扩展速率。在钢轨涂油养护时,应优先选用固体润滑剂。 相似文献