600MPa级钛微合金化高强钢的组织与性能研究

采用光学显微镜、透射电镜以及能谱分析等对转炉CSP流程600 MPa级钛微合金化高强钢的组织及性能进行研究。结果表明,试验钢具有良好的综合力学性能,其典型组织为多边形铁素体加粒状贝氏体;位错和位错胞的强化作用成为钛微合金钢的主要强化机制之一;钢中M/A岛在增加试验钢强度的同时并未明显降低其韧性和塑性;试验钢中存在TiN、TiC和TiS等析出物,为钢的细晶强化和析出强化提供了保证;试验钢中存在大量纳米级铁碳析出物,其沉淀强化作用不容忽视。     

微量稀土Ce对压铸模用钢组织及性能影响

将质量分数为0.05％的稀土元素铈(Ce)通过真空感应熔炼添加到压铸模用钢8418钢中制备得到Ce-8418钢,经退火、热锻、真空淬火和保护气氛回火处理获得回火马氏体+析出相组织,研究Ce对8418钢显微组织、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,加入Ce后,841 8钢洛氏硬度和冲击功分别提高17％和26％,析出碳化物颗粒尺寸由500 nm细化到250 nm左右,有效改善8418钢析出碳化物粗大和偏聚的现象.微量Ce不仅提高8418钢自腐蚀电位,还降低其钝化电流密度,从而提高8418钢的耐腐蚀性.     

B元素对SPHC组织性能的影响

选取含B元素和不含B元素的SPHC为试验材料,通过拉伸试验、金相分析和SEM电镜扫描等方法,分析两种钢组织和力学性能差异。研究结果表明:不含B的SPHC组织为铁素体+珠光体,析出物为MnS;含B的SPHC的组织为铁素体+贝氏体,析出物为MnS和BN的混合物;含B的SPHC内部组织偏大,强度偏低,延伸率偏低。     

铜对高纯净钢组织与力学性能的影响

研究了铜单一合金化高纯净钢在时效退火前后的组织与性能的关系 结果表明 ,铜具有明显的时效强化作用 ,在时效过程中铜的析出优先于钢板的再结晶 ,同时高纯净基体使钢板保持了良好的塑性 分析表明 ,铜单一合金化高纯净钢具有良好的发展前景     

退火温度对Ti-IF钢性能及织构的影响

对冷轧压下率为80%、厚1 mm的Ti-IF钢经不同温度退火处理后进行拉伸试验,测量其塑性应变比r值。观察退火试样的显微组织,并利用电子背散射衍射技术（EBSD）对其性能和再结晶织构进行分析。结果表明,冷轧试验钢分别在780、810、840℃退火3 min后,均发生了再结晶;随着退火温度的升高,大多数晶粒尺寸由5-6μm增大到9-10μm;试验钢的r值随退火温度升高而增大;退火钢再结晶织构表现为强烈的{111}织构,主要由{111}〈110〉和{111}〈112〉两类取向晶粒组成。     

热轧搪瓷钢板的显微组织与氢渗透特性

采用金相显微镜与电镜观察并分析种热轧搪瓷钢板的夹杂、显微组织和析出物,采用电化学方法探讨其氢渗透特性。研究表明:实验钢具有良好的冲压成型性,但其显微组织比较粗大、均匀性较差;钢中存在大量细小弥散的TiC析出物,能够很大程度地提高不可逆陷阱的贮氢容量;25℃时氢在钢中的扩散系数为1.039×10~(-6)cm~2·s~(-1),1 mm厚实验钢的氢穿透时间为10.5 min,呈现出良好的抗鳞爆性能。     

冷轧钢板表面清洁度对耐蚀性的影响

采用电化学测试和高低温交变湿热试验主要研究了轧制后和退火后的钢板的耐蚀性,分析了钢板表面清洁度对耐蚀性的影响,并探讨了实际生产过程中的影响因素.结果表明：轧制后的钢板的耐蚀性明显好于退火后的钢板;表面残留物明显地影响了轧制后钢板的耐蚀性分布的均匀性,清洗后的钢板的耐蚀性更好;退火后的钢板表面耐蚀性均匀性较差,清洗的钢板耐蚀性较未清洁的钢板更好;冷轧板表面清洁度问题是由原料—轧制—退火—储存过程中多因素的变量构成的,并直接影响其耐蚀性能.     

Influence of Cu on microstructure and mechanical properties of high purity steel

研究了铜单一合金化高纯净钢在时效退火前后的组织与性能的关系 结果表明 ,铜具有明显的时效强化作用 ,在时效过程中铜的析出优先于钢板的再结晶 ,同时高纯净基体使钢材保持了良好的塑性 分析表明 ,铜单一合金化高纯净钢具有良好的发展前景     

稀土Ce对船用双相不锈钢S32550夹杂物的影响

通过真空感应炉冶炼S32550实验钢,经锻造、轧制后通过金相显微镜判断其夹杂物的数量、尺寸分布等,通过扫描电镜确定其夹杂物的形貌等.研究表明,钢中添加稀土Ce后硫含量得到显著降低,夹杂物数量先减少后增加,当稀土Ce加入过量时,钢中夹杂物将聚集长大;钢中夹杂物主要由氧化铝转变为稀土类,起到了很好的变质作用;稀土夹杂物的析出过程为Ce_2O_3首先析出,随后Ce2O2S开始析出.     

冷轧TRB薄板的连续退火工艺试验研究

为了探索连续退火工艺对TRB板组织与性能的影响,在实验室采用四辊可逆式冷轧机进行单厚度过渡区TRB板轧制,对轧制的DP590双相钢和22Mn B5热成形钢TRB薄板进行模拟连续退火试验,利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜,以及拉伸和硬度试验方法研究钢板退火后各厚度区的组织与力学性能差别.研究表明:TRB板变厚度区的最大厚度偏差为0.03 mm,长度误差1.0 mm.TRB板在连续退火的冷却段和过时效段,其薄区温度较过渡区和厚区的温度偏低57~20℃,导致DP590钢板薄区的抗拉强度和伸长率较高,屈服强度与厚区的相当,而22Mn B5钢TRB板的屈服与抗拉强度偏高.在TRB板的变厚度区内维氏硬度波动较小.根据厚区的厚度来制定冷轧DP590双相钢TRB薄板的连续退火工艺,将更有利于保证钢板的组织与力学性能,对22Mn B5热成形钢TRB薄板建议采用罩式退火.     

17-4PH不锈钢时效析出相的形成过程

对17-4PH(0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb)马氏体不锈钢进行了3种不同条件下的时效处理。利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)技术详细分析了17-4PH不锈钢时效处理后析出相的形成过程。实验结果表明,时效条件为442℃,8h空冷时,在马氏体内部析出弥散的、尺寸小于10nm的ε-Cu、Nb6C(N)5和Nb2C(N)型亚稳相颗粒;时效条件为465℃,4h空冷时,析出尺寸为10～15nmε-Cu和稳定的NbC(N)相;时效条件为480℃,1h空冷时,析出尺寸为20～25mm的ε-Cu+NbC(N)相,且析出相NbC(N)与马氏体为共格析出,取向关系为NbC[001]//α-Fe[001]。     

Nano-scaled iron-carbon precipitates in HSLC and HSLA steels

This paper studies the composition, quantity and particle size distribution of nano-scaled precipitates with size less than 20 nm in high strength low carbon (HSLC) steel and their effects on mechanical properties of HSLC steel by means of mass balance calculation of nano-scaled precipitates measured by chemical phase analysis plus SAXS method, high-resolution TEM analysis and thermodynamics calculation, as well as temper rapid cooling treatment of ZJ330. It is found that there existed a large quantity of nano-scaled iron-carbon precipitates with size less than 18 nm in low carbon steel produced by CSP and they are mainly Fe-O-C and Fe-Ti-O-C precipitates formed below temperature A1. These precipitates have ob- vious precipitation strengthening effect on HSLC steel and this may be regarded as one of the main reasons why HSLC steel has higher strength. There also existed a lot of iron-carbon precipitates with size less than 36 nm in HSLA steels.     

High performance low cost steels with ultrafine grained and multi-phased microstructure

Ultrafine grained ferrite was obtained through tempering cold rolled martensite with an average grain size of 200―400 nm in a low carbon and a microalloyed steel. Thermal and mechanical stability of the two steels was studied. Due to the pinning effect of microalloyed precipitates on the movement of dislocations and grain boundaries, the recrystallization and grain growth rate were retarded, and the thermal stability of ultrafine grained microstructure was improved. The ultrafine grained ferritic steel was ...     

Precipitation characteristic of high strength steels microalloyed with titanium produced by compact strip production

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and physics-chemical phase analysis were employed to investigate the precipitates in high strength steels microalloyed with Ti produced by compact strip production (CSP). It was seen that precipitates in Ti microalloyed steels mainly included TiN, Ti4C2S2, and TiC. The size of TiN particles varied from 50 to 500 nm, and they could precipitate during or before soaking. The Ti4C2S2 with the size of 40-100 nm might precipitate before rolling, and the TiC particles with the size of 5-50 nm precipitated heterogeneously. High Ti content would lead to the presence of bigger TiC particles that precipitated in austenite, and by contrast, TiC particles that precipitated in ferrite and the transformation of austenite to ferrite was smaller. They were less than 30 nm and mainly responsible for precipitate strengthening. It should be noted that the TiC particles in higher Ti content were generally smaller than those in the steel with a lower Ti content.     

Precipitation behaviors of X80 acicular ferrite pipeline steel

The precipitation behaviors of X80 acicular ferrite pipeline steel were investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that dendritic precipitates in the as-cast steel slabs precipitate mainly in grain boundaries, and these dendritic precipitates dissolve and re-precipitate to two kinds of carbonitrides: Ti- and Nb-rich (Ti, Nb)(C, N) carbonitrides during reheating. Four types of precipitates mainly exist in the hot rolled plate: Ti-ri...     

Semi-solid slurry preparation and rolling of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel

The preparation and rolling of the semi-solid slurry 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel were researched. The experimental results show that when stirred for 2-3 min under the given test condition, the semi-solid slurry with about 50%-60% (volume fraction) solid and the spherical primary austenitic grains in the size of 100-200μm can be obtained, and it is easy to be discharged from the bottom little hole of the stirring chamber. The semi-solid slurry of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel can be rolled into the given plate successfully. However, the solid phase and liquid phase are easily separated in the rolling process, so that the solid primary austenitic grains are concentrated in the center and the liquid phase is near the edge of the rolled plate. The strengths of the plate rolled in the semi-solid state are higher than that of the traditionally repeated hot-rolled plate of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel.     

Process Modeling and Control Simulation for a 500W@4.5K Helium Refrigerator

In order to investigate dynamic behaviors of a 500W@ 4.5K helium refrigerator,the process simulator has been completed. The cryogenic process model is described and main components are customized. The realtime communication between the process model and the control system has been achieved. Compared with the preliminary experimental data,the errors of temperatures during the process of 300 K-80 K are less than 10%.The process model is validated to predict the cool-down process very well. The controller parameters are tuned in simulation and applied to the actual refrigerator suitably. Based on the dynamic simulation,the operation of Joule-Thomson( JT) by pass valve has been optimized. And the cool- down process from 300 K to 4. 5 K has been simulated under the control programs. Simulation results indicate that this dynamic simulator based on actual control architecture is available to process control and operation optimization for the helium refrigerators.     

Composition Optimization of Nb-Ti Microalloyed High Strength Steel

Four Nb-Ti microalloyed steels were refined and rolled to study the composition optimization of Nb-Ti microalloyed steels. The effects of Nb and Ti on the microstructures, precipitates and properties of Nb-Ti microalloyed steel were investigated. The results showed that an increase in Ti content resulted in the appearance of many fine precipitates leading to a strong precipitation strengthening effect. Hence, the yield strength increased. Besides, the increased strength by the combined increase of Nb and Ti was similar to that observed for the increase in Ti content alone. This increase in strength was attributed widely to the increase in the Ti content alone rather than Nb. Moreover, the increase in Nb content beyond 0.036 wt% exerted no significant effect on the strength of Ti-Nb microalloyed steels, in which more Ti could be added to further improve the strength of steels.     

Effect of Nb on the Microstructure and Properties of Cold Rolled and Annealed Mo Microalloyed Bainitic Steel

Two kinds of low carbon bainitic steels,Nb-free Mo bearing and Nb + Mo addition steels,were cold rolled and annealed to investigate the effect of micro-alloying element Nb on the microstructure and properties of Mo microalloyed low carbon high strength bainitic steel. No precipitates were observed in Nb-free Mo bearing steel,whereas,two types of precipitates,i.e.,Nb( C,N) and composite( Nb,Mo)( C,N),were observed in the Nb + Mo microalloyed steel,resulting in precipitation strengthening. The strength of Mo bearing steel was improved by addition of Nb under the same annealing conditions. The grain size of Nb addition steel was almost the same as Nb-free steel. Unlike the obvious grain refinement and precipitation strengthening in hot rolling,the increase in yield strength of Nb addition steels in cold rolling and annealing mainly results from the precipitation strengthening,while the effect of grain refinement strengthening can be almost ignored.     

热送热装工艺对X80管线钢析出行为的影响

为了研究热送热装X80管线钢铸坯析出行为，使用了析出物定量分析、TEM和EDS测试方法，分析研究了析出物的成分、形貌、分布、质量分数以及频度分布情况.结果表明：两种工艺制度下，铸坯中析出物主要在奥氏体晶界析出，尺寸较大.室温装炉铸坯析出物在冷却和加热保温过程中发生析出、回溶和再析出行为，枝晶状的析出物大部分回溶并重新析出为两类碳氮化物，即富Ti和富Nb的（Ti，Nb）（C，N）碳氮化物.1100℃热装态的铸坯在加热和保温过程中将主要发生析出行为，析出颗粒的总质量分数要低于室温装炉条件，并且铸坯中固溶Nb的质量分数要远高于室温装炉条件.