海藻色素糖蛋白对小鼠H22肝癌细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的:研究麒麟菜海藻色素糖蛋白(seaweed pigment glycoprotein,SPG)对小鼠H22肝癌细胞增殖与凋亡的影响.方法:将不同浓度SPG与小鼠H22肝癌细胞共同培养,用MTT法测定癌细胞增殖活性.建立H22移植瘤小鼠肝癌模型,随机分为SPG高、中、低剂量组,对照组及环磷酰胺组.实验组小鼠每天分别给予不同剂量(100、50、10 mg/kg)的SPG灌胃,连续10 d,对照组同法给予等量生理盐水,环磷酰胺组小鼠腹腔注射20 mg/kg环磷酰胺,隔日一次.各组小鼠均于末次给受试物后24 h处死,取肿瘤组织用免疫组化法检测各组Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达.结果:SPG高剂量组瘤细胞增殖活性(0.545±0.002)明显高于对照组(0.404±0.008)(P<0.05);SPG高剂量组Bcl-2和Bax蛋白阳性表达率分别为16.78%和38.1%,对照组分别为65.16%和4.68%,两组间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:SPG具有抑制小鼠H22肝癌细胞增殖、促进其凋亡的作用.     

苯并(a)芘和滴滴涕联合暴露对小鼠肝脏细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量苯并(a)芘[benzo(a)pyrene,B(a)P]、滴滴涕(chlomphenothane,DDT)单独及联合暴露对小鼠肝脏细胞的毒性效应.方法:成年雌性昆明种小鼠66只,随机分为11组:分别为0.5、5、50 mg/(kg·d)B(a)P染毒组,0.025、0.25、2.5mg/(kg·d)DDT染毒组,0.5 mg/(kg·d)B(a)P+0.025 mg/(kg·d)DDT联合染毒组,5 mg/(kg·d)B(a)P+0.25 mg/(kg·d)DDT联合染毒组,50 mg/(kg·d)B(a)P+2.5 mg/(kg·d)DDT联合染毒组,空白对照组(正常饲养)和溶剂对照组(植物油处理).染毒组用含B(a)P、DDT的食用油进行腹腔注射,每天1次,连续21 d,于末次给药24 h后处死小鼠.取肝脏制作冰冻切片,利用原位缺口末端标记(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling,TUNEL)法检测肝细胞凋亡情况.结果:5和50 mg/(kg·d)B(a)P染毒组小鼠肝脏细胞凋亡率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且50 mg/(kg·d)剂量组显著高于0.5和5 mg/(ks·d)剂量组(P<0.05);各DDT染毒组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各浓度联合染毒组小鼠肝脏细胞凋亡率均高于对照组(P<0.01),各联合染毒组细胞凋亡率间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),联合染毒组细胞凋亡率和相应的B(a)P染毒组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:B(a)P的单独暴露以及与DDT的联合暴露均可导致小鼠肝脏细胞凋亡的发生,并可能引发其他毒性效应.     

低剂量电离辐射诱导小鼠睾丸中细胞色素c和caspase-3表达的变化

目的:研究低剂量电离辐射诱导小鼠睾丸中细胞色素c(Cyt c)和caspase-3表达的变化,阐明二者对低剂量电离辐射诱导小鼠睾丸细胞凋亡的作用.方法:实验小鼠分为不同剂量(0、0.050、0.075、0.100和0.200 Gy)组与不同时程(0、6、12和24 h)组.采用实时PCR和Western blotting分别检测不同剂量X射线照射后不同时间小鼠睾丸组织中细胞色素c(Cyt c)和caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达的变化.结果:实时PCR结果显示,不同剂量X射线照射后12 h,Cyt c和caspase-3 mRNA表达随剂量增加而增加,Cyt c mRNA在0.100 Gy照射时表达最多,而caspase-3则在0.075 Gy照射时表达最多;在0.075 Gy照射时二者蛋白表达最多.0.075 Gy照射后Cyt c和caspase-3 mRNA表达随着时间延长表达增多,24 h时达到最高;二者蛋白表达在12 h时最高.结论:低剂量电离辐射能够诱导小鼠睾丸生精细胞中Cyt c和caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达的增加,并且具有剂量和时程规律性.     

Effects of LaCl_3 on photosynthesis and the accumulation of tanshinones and salvianolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings

The effects of LaCl3 on the growth,photosynthetic gas-exchange characteristics,chlorophyll fluorescence,and the accumulation of tanshinones and salvianolic acids in Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings were investigated. The results showed that the increase in photosynthesis induced by LaCl3 might be attributed to the enhanced stomatal conductance of the leaves and the increased level of the photochemical efficiency of PS II. The accumulation of tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone was markedly increased with the application of LaCl3 at 20 and 60 mg/L,while tanshinone I was only slightly increased. The content of salvianolic acid B was,however,decreased with the treatment of LaCl3 at 200 mg/L.     

外源性5'-核苷酸对大鼠急性乙醇中毒的影响

目的:探讨外源性5'-核苷酸对大鼠急性乙醇中毒的影响.方法:将24只雄性SD大鼠随机分成4组:生理盐水组、低剂量核苷酸组、中剂量核苷酸组和高剂量核苷酸组.乙醇染毒前30 min,各组分别用生理盐水、低剂量(0.2g/kg体重)、中剂量(0.8g/kg体重)、高剂量(3.2g/kg体重)核苷酸灌胃,乙醇染毒剂量为3g/kg体重,染毒后进行旷场实验、转棒实验,检测血清乙醇浓度、血清谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、总甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、白蛋白、总蛋白水平,超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量,检测肝乙醇脱氢酶活性,评价核苷酸对急性乙醇中毒的影响.结果:外源性5'-核苷酸干预能够使大鼠血液乙醇浓度降低,高剂量核苷酸组与生理盐水组相比[(0.56±0.18g/L)vs.(1.11±0.44g/L),P＜0.05],差异具有统计学意义,低剂量核苷酸组(1.04±0.35g/L)和中剂量核苷酸组(0.93±0.14g/L)与生理盐水组相比也较低,但差异无统计学意义;各组肝乙醇脱氢酶活性差异无统计学意义,各组大鼠神经行为学表现、血清生化水平和抗氧化水平差异也无统计学意义.结论:外源性5'-核苷酸干预对大鼠急性乙醇中毒无明显影响.     

硝酸钬对小鼠骨髓细胞核异常和肝脏三种抗氧化酶活力的影响

两次给小鼠腹腔注射硝酸钬溶液,相间24h,第二次注射24h后取股骨骨髓涂片,同时取肝脏检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力。结果发现,在(10～40)mg/kg·bw剂量范围内,微核率和三种酶的活力随剂量的增加而升高;当剂量升至80mg/kg·bw时,三种酶活力趋于下降,但仍高于阴性对照组,而微核率增加到最大值;当剂量升至160mg/kg·bw时,微核率和酶活力均低于阴性对照组。低剂量(<40mg/kg·bw)硝酸钬溶液可促进骨髓细胞增殖,高浓度则表现出抑制作用。实验中还观察到核异常程度随剂量的增加而上升。推测低剂量钬离子通过诱导小鼠机体三种抗氧化酶活力的升高,清除部分自由基,一定程度上减轻了染色体损伤,高剂量则抑制了细胞分裂指数,又降低小鼠体内抗氧化酶活力,从而促进核异常。     

葛根总黄酮诱导白血病细胞株凋亡及其分子机制的研究

目的 探讨葛根总黄酮(PR)对慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)细胞株K562和急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)细胞株NB4细胞增殖及凋亡的影响.方法 采用MTT法检测PR对K562细胞、NB4细胞的增殖抑制率;光学显微镜及荧光显微镜观察细胞形态改变;Hoechest33258荧光染色AnnexinV/PI双染法检测细胞凋亡率;DNA PI染色法分析细胞周期及亚二倍体峰.Western blot分别检测NB4细胞JNK、PARP、bcl-2、Caspase3,K562细胞bcr-abl、p53、bcl-2、Fas/FasL蛋白表达的变化.结果 12.5～200 μg/ml PR均能抑制K562、NB4细胞增殖.光学显微镜及荧光显微镜下观察到核固缩、凋亡小体等典型的细胞凋亡改变;Annexin V+/PI-细胞呈时间-剂量依赖性增加;DNA PI染色法发现细胞亚二倍体比例增加,G1期比例下降、S期比例增加.PR呈时间-剂量依赖性抑制K562细胞、NB4细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡.不同浓度PR干预后K562细胞bcr-abl蛋白水平呈浓度依赖性下调(F=18.74,P<0.05),而bcl-2则无明显变化;p53表达呈浓度依赖性上调;Fas/FasL表达无明显变化.NB4细胞JNK、PARP及Caspase 3蛋白表达与PR浓度呈正相关,与凋亡抑制蛋白bcl-2则呈负相关(F=42.32,P<0.05).结论 PR能有效抑制K562、NB4细胞增殖,阻滞细胞周期进程,诱导细胞凋亡,但分子机制不同.提示一定浓度PR具有较广谱的抗白血病效应.     

氯化铈对K562肿瘤细胞凋亡影响的实验研究

为了探讨氯化铈对肿瘤细胞凋亡的影响,本实验以K562细胞为研究对象,采用荧光显微镜定性检测细胞凋亡、流式细胞术定量测定细胞凋亡率.实验得出,与对照组相比,3mg/L氯化铈作用24h和500 mg/L氯化铈作用48h可以显著诱导细胞凋亡,30mg/L,150mg/L和250mg/L作用24h细胞凋亡率明显减少,同时氯化铈对K562细胞凋亡的影响随着作用时间的延长作用逐渐消失,对于同一时间来讲,氯化铈剂量和细胞凋亡之间的剂量-效应关系不明显.     

Wear particle-mediated expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, NF-kB and RANK were impacted by lanthanum chloride in RAW264.7 cells

To explore the impact of different concentrations of lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) on critical components of wear particle-mediated signaling pathways in inflammation and osteoclastogenesis, RAW264.7 cells were naturally divided into eight groups and analyzed by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, ELISA, RT-PCR and western blot after treatments. The results showed that three concentrations of LaCl3 had no influence on viability of RAW264.7 cells and down-regulated receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) instead of macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR). Additionally, 2.5 and 10 μmol/L LaCl3 could signifi- cantly inhibit gene and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, i.e., TNF-α and IL-1β) and NF-κB/p65, but 100 μmol/L LaCl3 did not exert an obvious inflammation-inhibiting effect, and even induced inflammation. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that LaCl3 was able to suppress wear particle-induced inflammation and activation of NF-κB in a certain range of concentrations in vitro and mainly decrease the expression of RANK, but not M-CSFR, all of which were generally recognized to play a pivotal role in osteoclastogenesis.     

胡桃楸水提物的遗传毒性及抗诱变作用研究

目的:探讨胡桃楸水提物(juglans mandshurica maxim extract,JMME)的抗诱变作用,及评价胡桃楸是否具有遗传毒性.方法:取80只昆明小鼠,随机分成不同JMME剂量的诱变组(6.55、13.09、26.18 g/kg,分别为1/8、1/4、1/2 LD50),不同剂量的JMME与环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CP)(0.04 g/kg)联合应用的抗诱变组,阴性对照组(Ns)和阳性对照组(CP,0.04 g/kg),共8组,每组10只.采用小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验(MNT)检测JMME是否具有遗传毒性及抗诱变作用.结果:阳性对照组微核发生率(28.82‰)明显高于阴性对照组(2.65‰),其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),而JMME各剂量组与阴性对照组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).抗诱变各组的微核发生率与阳性对照组比较,除JMME低剂量组(6.55 g/kg)无统计学意义外(P>0.05),JMME中剂量组(13.09 g/kg)和高剂量组(26.18 g/kg)均显著低于阳性对照组(P<0.05),其中高剂量组明显低于中剂量组(P<0.05).结论:在本实验条件下,JMME无遗传毒性,JMME对CP诱发的微核率,具有一定抵抗作用,且呈量-效关系.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.