一种快速鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类分割算法

针对现有鲁棒图形模糊聚类算法难以满足强噪声干扰下大幅面图像快速分割的需要，提出一种快速鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类分割算法。该算法将欧氏空间样本通过核函数映射至高维空间；采用待分割图像中像素邻域的灰度和空间等信息构建线性加权滤波图像，对其进行鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类；并引入当前聚类像素与其邻域像素均值所对应的二维直方图信息，获得鲁棒核空间图形模糊聚类快速迭代表达式。对大幅面图像添加高斯和椒盐噪声进行分割测试，实验结果表明:本文算法相比基于图形模糊聚类等分割算法的分割性能、抗噪鲁棒性和实时性有了显著提高。     

Use of Spectral Clustering Combined with Normalized Cuts (N-Cuts) in an Iterative k-Means Clustering Framework (NKSC) for Superpixel Segmentation with Contour Adherence

Superpixel segmentation methods are generally used as a pre-processing step to speed up image processing tasks. They group the pixels of an image into homogeneous regions while trying to respect existing contours. In this paper, we propose a fast Superpixels segmentation algorithm with Contour Adherence using spectral clustering, combined with normalized cuts in an iterative k-means clustering framework. It produces compact and uniform superpixels with low computational costs. Normalized cut is adapted to measure the color similarity and space proximity between image pixels. We have used a kernel function to estimate the similarity metric. Kernel function maps the pixel values and coordinates into a high dimensional feature space. The objective functions of weighted K-means and normalized cuts share the same optimum point in this feature space. So it is possible to optimize the cost function of normalized cuts by iteratively applying simple K-means clustering algorithm. The proposed framework produces regular and compact superpixels that adhere to the image contours. On segmentation comparison benchmarks it proves to be equally well or better than the state-of-the-art super pixel segmentation algorithms in terms of several commonly used evaluation metrics in image segmentation. In addition, our method is computationally very efficient and its computational complexity is linear.     

一种基于Mean-Shift聚类算法的图像区域分割方法

提出一种基于均值平移(Mean-Shift)聚类算法的图像区域分割方法.该方法首先选用适当的彩色空间对图像中的每个像素点抽取颜色、纹理及空间位置等特征,形成特征空间;然后,利用Mean-Shift聚类算法,在像素点特征空间中进行聚类,利用提出的方法,确定最佳窗口半径参数,进而确定聚类簇数、聚类中心等参数,将像素初步划归不同的组,并利用相邻像素之间的连接原理对图像区域进一步分割.分割方法提供了丰富的区域描述特征.实验结果表明这种方法具有图像分割速度快,分割效果好等特点.     

快速鲁棒核空间模糊聚类分割

目的 传统模糊C-均值聚类应用于图像分割仅考虑像素本身的聚类问题,无法克服噪声干扰对图像分割结果的影响,不利于受到噪声干扰的工业图像、医学影像和高分遥感影像等进行目标提取、识别和解译。嵌入像素空间邻域信息或局部信息的鲁棒模糊C-均值聚类分割算法是近年来图像分割理论研究中的热点课题。为此,针对现有的鲁棒核空间模糊聚类算法非常耗时且抑制噪声能力弱、不适合强噪声干扰下大幅面图像快速分割等问题,提出一种快速鲁棒核空间模糊聚类分割算法。方法 利用待分割图像中像素邻域的灰度信息和空间位置等信息构建线性加权滤波图像,对其进行鲁棒核空间模糊聚类。为了进一步提高算法实时性,引入当前聚类像素与其邻域像素均值所对应的2维直方图信息,构造一种基于2维直方图的鲁棒核空间模糊聚类快速分割最优化数学模型,采用拉格朗日乘子法获得图像分割的像素聚类迭代表达式。结果 对大幅面图像添加一定强度的高斯、椒盐以及混合噪声,以及未加噪标准图像的分割测试结果表明,本文算法比基于邻域空间约束的核模糊C-均值聚类等算法的峰值信噪比至少提高1.5 dB,误分率降低约5%,聚类性能评价的划分系数提高约10%,运行速度比核模糊C-均值聚类和基于邻域空间约束的鲁棒核模糊C-均值聚类算法至少提高30%,与1维直方图核空间模糊C-均值聚类算法具有相当的时间开销,所得分割结果具有较好的主观视觉效果。结论 通过理论分析和实验验证,本文算法相比现有空间邻域信息约束的鲁棒核空间模糊聚类等算法具有更强的抗噪鲁棒性、更优的分割性能和实时性,对大幅面遥感、医学等影像快速解译具有积极的促进作用,能更好地满足实时性要求较高场合的图像分割需要。     

Pixel clustering by adaptive pixel moving and chaotic synchronization

In this paper, a network of coupled chaotic maps for pixel clustering is proposed. Time evolutions of chaotic maps in the network corresponding to a pixel cluster are synchronized with each other. Those synchronized trajectories are desynchronized with respect to the time evolutions of chaotic maps corresponding to other pixel clusters in the same image. A pixel motion mechanism is also introduced, which makes each group of pixels more compact and, consequently, makes the model robust enough to classify ambiguous pixels. Another feature of the proposed model is that the number of pixel clusters does not need to be previously known.     

基于空间特征的谱聚类含噪图像分割

为克服传统谱聚类算法应用到含噪图像分割时易受到图像中噪声影响的问题,提出一种基于空间特征的谱聚类含噪图像分割算法。该方法利用图像各个像素的灰度信息、局部空间邻接信息及非局部空间信息设计像素的三维特征,通过引入空间紧致性函数建立像素特征点与其K个最近邻之间的相似性,进而利用谱聚类算法得到图像的最终分割结果。实验中采用含噪的人工图像、自然图像及合成孔径雷达图像与空间模糊聚类、规范切谱聚类和Nystrm方法3种算法进行对比实验,实验结果验证文中方法能克服图像中噪声影响并取得较满意的分割效果。     

基于邻域的多尺度模糊C-均值聚类图像分割

模糊C-均值(FCM)聚类是一种无监督聚类技术,广泛应用于图像分割。但它计算量偏大,且仅利用像素信息对像素进行聚类,而未使用空间分布信息。本文提出基于邻域信息的多尺度FCM聚类图像分割方法,该方法由小波分解得到图像多尺度框架,对框架顶层低分辨率图像的每个像素,用它的邻接像素引导它的聚类过程,来决定该像素的聚类,再由图像框架逐层对聚类分割进行细节修正。分割实验表明,该方法对比标准FCM分割,具有更好的抗噪性,且图像分割更均匀。     

An automatic fuzzy c-means algorithm for image segmentation

Fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm is one of the most popular methods for image segmentation. However, the standard FCM algorithm must be estimated by expertise users to determine the cluster number. So, we propose an automatic fuzzy clustering algorithm (AFCM) for automatically grouping the pixels of an image into different homogeneous regions when the number of clusters is not known beforehand. In order to get better segmentation quality, this paper presents an algorithm based on AFCM algorithm, called automatic modified fuzzy c-means cluster segmentation algorithm (AMFCM). AMFCM algorithm incorporates spatial information into the membership function for clustering. The spatial function is the weighted summation of the membership function in the neighborhood of each pixel under consideration. Experimental results show that AMFCM algorithm not only can spontaneously estimate the appropriate number of clusters but also can get better segmentation quality.     

A fast and robust image segmentation using FCM with spatial information

Automated segmentation of images has been considered an important intermediate processing task to extract semantic meaning from pixels. In general, the fuzzy c-means approach (FCM) is highly effective for image segmentation. But for the conventional FCM image segmentation algorithm, cluster assignment is based solely on the distribution of pixel attributes in the feature space, and the spatial distribution of pixels in an image is not taken into consideration. In this paper, we present a novel FCM image segmentation scheme by utilizing local contextual information and the high inter-pixel correlation inherent. Firstly, a local spatial similarity measure model is established, and the initial clustering center and initial membership are determined adaptively based on local spatial similarity measure model. Secondly, the fuzzy membership function is modified according to the high inter-pixel correlation inherent. Finally, the image is segmented by using the modified FCM algorithm. Experimental results showed the proposed method achieves competitive segmentation results compared to other FCM-based methods, and is in general faster.     

基于混合聚类算法的图像分割

本文将像素空间中的图像分割问题转化为特征空间中的数据聚类问题处理，并设计了一种基于遗传算法和模糊c均值算法的混合聚类算法，实现图像分割。实验表明，使用该算法能取得较好的图像分割效果。     

Fuzzy spectral clustering with robust spatial information for image segmentation

In recent years, spectral clustering has become one of the most popular clustering algorithms in areas of pattern analysis and recognition. This algorithm uses the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a normalized similarity matrix to partition the data, and is simple to implement. However, when the image is corrupted by noise, spectral clustering cannot obtain satisfying segmentation performance. In order to overcome the noise sensitivity of the standard spectral clustering algorithm, a novel fuzzy spectral clustering algorithm with robust spatial information for image segmentation (FSC_RS) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a non-local-weighted sum image of the original image is generated by utilizing the pixels with a similar configuration of each pixel. Then a robust gray-based fuzzy similarity measure is defined by using the fuzzy membership values among gray values in the new generated image. Thus, the similarity matrix obtained by this measure is only dependent on the number of the gray-levels and can be easily stored. Finally, the spectral graph partitioning method can be applied to this similarity matrix to group the gray values of the new generated image and then the corresponding pixels in the image are reclassified to obtain the final segmentation result. Some segmentation experiments on synthetic and real images show that the proposed method outperforms traditional spectral clustering methods and spatial fuzzy clustering in efficiency and robustness.     

Adaptive entropy weighted picture fuzzy clustering algorithm with spatial information for image segmentation

Image segmentation has been broadly applied in computer vision and image analysis. However, many segmentation methods suffer from limited accuracy for noisy images. To improve the robustness of the existing picture fuzzy clustering and solve the problem of selecting spatial constraint parameter, a novel picture fuzzy clustering is proposed. Firstly, a novel symmetric regularizing term is constructed to solve the time-consuming problem of existing picture fuzzy clustering, and the corresponding fuzzy clustering is proposed. Secondly, considering the correlation between current pixel and its neighboring pixels, the objective function is modified by adaptive weighting fusion of local mean information, and the maximum weight entropy constraint is embedded into it to solve the difficulty of parameter selection. Finally, the local spatial information constraint item of the current pixel is constructed by using its neighboring picture fuzzy partition information and is utilized to modify the picture fuzzy partition information of current pixel to correct the clustering center. Results show the proposed algorithm has some potential advantages in segmentation accuracy and anti-noise robustness.     

利用空间信息的核模糊C均值聚类算法

模糊聚类,特别是模糊C均值聚类算法（FCM）广泛地运用到图像的分割中。但是传统的算法未对数据对特征进行优化,亦未考虑图像的空间信息,对噪声图像分割不理想。在FCM目标函数中引入核函数,用内核引导距离代替传统的欧式距离,同时考虑到邻近象素的影响,增加了空间约束项,提出了利用空间信息的核FCM算法。通过对模拟图和仿真脑部MR图像的分割实验证明,该算法可以有效的分割含有噪声图像。     

核空间直觉模糊局部C-均值聚类分割算法研究

针对现有直觉模糊C-均值聚类仅适合呈团状数据的不足,采用非线性函数将数据样本从欧式空间映射至再生希尔伯特高维特征空间,得到核空间直觉模糊聚类算法;同时考虑相邻像素的相互影响,将邻域像素融入核空间直觉模糊聚类的最优化目标函数中,经数学推导便得到嵌入像素局部信息的核空间直觉模糊聚类分割算法。图像分割测试结果表明,核直觉模糊C-均值聚类分割法相比现有直觉模糊C-均值聚类分割法能获得更满意的分割效果;同时,嵌入局部信息的核直觉模糊C-均值聚类分割法表现出良好的抗噪鲁棒性。     

一种基于区域的彩色图像分割方法

提出一种基于区域的彩色图像分割方法，该方法首先选用适当的彩色空间对图像中的每个像素抽取颜色、纹理及空间位置等综合特征，形成基于像素的综合特征空间；利用模糊C均值聚类方法，在综合特征空间中进行聚类，利用模糊熵的原理获得最佳聚类的簇数目，得到初步的区域分割，最后利用连接原理对图像区域进一步分割。该方法还提供了丰富的区域特征。     

一种基于密度峰值聚类的图像分割算法

聚类作为一种有效的图像分割方法,被广泛地应用于计算机视觉领域。相较于其他聚类方法,密度峰值聚类(DPC)具有参数少且能有效识别非球形聚类的特点。基于此,引入信息论中的不确定性度量熵,提出一种改进的DPC图像分割算法。将图像像素点的颜色空间CIE Lab值作为特征数据,通过计算信息熵求得自适应截断距离以取代经验取值,建立相应的决策图并确定聚类中心总数,归类非聚类中心点,剔除噪声点从而完成图像分割。在Berkeley数据集上的实验结果表明,该算法能较好地实现彩色图像的分割,其平均分割时间和PRI指标分别为14.658 s和0.721。     

一种快速的模糊局部C-均值聚类分割算法

针对模糊局部C-均值聚类算法计算复杂度高且对大数据样本集进行聚类时极为耗时的特点,提出了快速的模糊局部C-均值聚类分割算法。该算法将目标像素点与其邻域像素点构成的共生矩阵引入模糊局部C-均值算法,得到新的聚类隶属度和聚类中心表达式。对像素分类时,利用邻域像素隶属度进行滤波处理,进一步改善了算法的抗噪性。实验结果表明,该算法满足了图像分割有效性的需求,相较于模糊局部C-均值聚类算法,该算法具有更好的分割性能和实时性,能更好地满足实际场合图像分割的需要。     

基于混合邻域约束项的改进FCM算法

传统模糊聚类算法在影像分割过程中仅考虑影像的光谱信息,所以对噪声比较敏感.对此,提出基于混合邻域约束项的改进模糊C均值聚类(MNCFCM)算法.首先,从隶属性及光谱属性两方面定义邻域像素关于中心像素的相似度;然后,利用线性加权的方式将从两方面定义的相似度进行融合,同时结合邻域像素到聚类中心的欧氏距离构造混合邻域约束项,并将其引入目标函数中,以平衡影像分割过程中的影像平滑及细节保留,实现对影像的更优分割;最后,通过对合成影像及真实遥感影像分割结果的定性、定量评价,验证所提出算法具有较强的鲁棒性,在降低对噪声的敏感性的同时,能够较好地保留影像细节,获得高精度的分割结果.     

核空间中智模糊聚类及图像分割应用

目的 为了更有效地提高中智模糊C-均值聚类对非凸不规则数据的聚类性能和噪声污染图像的分割效果,提出了核空间中智模糊均值聚类算法。方法 引入核函数概念。利用满足Mercer条件的非线性问题,用非线性变换把低维空间线性不可分的输入模式空间映射到一个先行可分的高维特征空间进行中智模糊聚类分割。结果 通过对大量图像添加不同的加性和乘性噪声进行分割测试获得的核空间中智模糊聚类算法提高了现有算法的对含噪声聚类的鲁棒性和分类性能。峰值信噪比至少提高0.8 dB。结论 本文算法具有显著的分割效果和良好的鲁棒性,并适应于医学,遥感图像处理需要。     

融合双特征图信息的图像显著性检测方法

目的 图像的显著性检测是将图像中最重要的、包含丰富信息的区域标记出来,并应用到图像分割、图像压缩、图像检索、目标识别等重要领域。针对现有研究方法显著性目标检测结果不完整以及单一依靠颜色差异检测方法的局限性,提出一种综合图像底层颜色对比特征图和图像颜色空间分布特征图的显著性检测方法,能够有效而完整地检测出图像中的显著性区域。方法 本文方法结合了SLIC超像素分割和K-means聚类算法进行图像特征的提取。首先,对图像进行SLIC（simple linear iterative clustering）分割,根据像素块之间的颜色差异求取颜色对比特征图;其次,按照颜色特征对图像进行K-means聚类,依据空间分布紧凑性和颜色分布统一性计算每个类的初步颜色空间分布特征。由于聚类结果中不包含空间信息,本文将聚类后的结果映射到超像素分割的像素块上,进一步优化颜色空间分布图;最后,通过融合颜色对比显著图和图像颜色空间分布特征图得到最终的显著图。结果 针对公开的图像测试数据库MSRA-1000,本文方法与当前几种流行的显著性检测算法进行了对比实验,实验结果表明,本文方法得到的显著性区域更准确、更完整。结论 本文提出了一种简单有效的显著性检测方法,结合颜色对比特征图和图像颜色空间分布特征图可以准确的检测出显著性区域。该结果可用于目标检测等实际问题,但该方法存在一定的不足,对于背景色彩过于丰富且与特征区域有近似颜色的图像,该方法得到的结果有待改进。今后对此算法的优化更加侧重于通用性。