咖啡炭改性涤盖棉针织面料的染色工艺

针对咖啡炭改性涤盖棉面料染色均匀性差、涤棉色差大等问题,在不同染色工艺条件下对织物染色,通过对比试验,测试各种染色条件下织物的性能,优选出最佳染色工艺,得到染色均匀性好、涤棉染色色差小、色牢度高、强力损失小的咖啡炭改性涤盖棉针织染色面料。     

涤纶低弹丝纬编针织产品性能的研究

对编织的八种Coolnise涤纶低弹丝纬编针织面料的热湿舒适性、顶破强力、耐磨性和透气性进行了测试,分析了纱线种类和织物结构对热湿舒适性和物理机械性能的影响。     

聚乳酸纤维面料染色热力学研究

选用分散染料C．I．分散红74对聚乳酸针织面料进行染色,研究了三种染色助剂对针织聚乳酸纤维面料染色热力学参数的影响。聚乳酸纤维针织面料对分散染料的吸附符合Nernst吸附,做出了针织聚乳酸纤维吸附等温线,确定了聚乳酸纤维的有效吸附体积Var,在所得结果的基础上计算出染色亲和力、染色热、染色熵。研究结果表明,用C．I．分散红74在高温下染色聚乳酸纤维的染色亲和力都比低温下要高。     

聚乳酸纤维面料染色热力学研究

选用分散染料C.I.分散红74对聚乳酸针织面料进行染色,研究了三种染色助剂对针织聚乳酸纤维面料染色热力学参数的影响.聚乳酸纤维针织面料对分散染料的吸附符合Nernst吸附,做出了针织聚乳酸纤维吸附等温线,确定了聚乳酸纤维的有效吸附体积Var,在所得结果的基础上计算出染色亲和力、染色热、染色熵.研究结果表明,用C.I.分散红74在高温下染色聚乳酸纤维的染色亲和力都比低温下要高.     

生物能纤维针织面料的服用性能与综合评价

以生物能纤维为原料,开发出6种基本组织的针织面料,并选取面料坚牢度、热湿舒适性(透气性、透湿性、吸水性和保温性)、外观保形性(悬垂性、折皱弹性和刚柔性)和远红外功能性作为其服用性能的测试指标,最后运用模糊综合评价法对生物能纤维针织面料的服用性能进行了综合评价,得出适合秋冬季的6种组织的生物能纤维针织面料的服用性能由好到差依次为:半畦编组织>畦编组织>罗纹半空气层组织>罗纹空气层组织>1+1罗纹组织>纬平针组织。     

针织面料的水性PU整理工艺及其性能研究

采用水性PU整理剂对针织面料进行整理,研究了PU的整理工艺,并比较了PU整理剂与其它整理剂对针织面料性能的影响。结果表明：其较合理的整理工艺为：整理剂浓度70g／L,定型温度175℃,整理方法为浸轧;与其它整理剂相比,经PU整理剂整理后的针织面料具有良好的弹性、吸湿快干性及抗皱性。     

咖啡炭纤维针织面料的服用性能测试

对咖啡炭纤维针织面料的外观保形性、透气性、透湿性、吸水性、除臭、升温保暖以及释放负离子等性能进行了测试,并对咖啡炭纤维针织面料的服用性能进行了分析与评价,可知咖啡炭纤维针织面料服用性能良好,具有广阔的市场前景。     

环保高强力再生胶在半钢轮胎胎面胶配方中的应用

研究环保高强力再生胶在半钢轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明：与未添加环保高强力再生胶的胶料相比,添加环保高强力再生胶对胶料的加工性能、滚动阻力和抗湿滑性能基本无影响;胶料老化前后的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率有下降趋势,其他物理性能及耐磨性能相当;成品轮胎的高速和耐久性能相当,均达到企业标准要求;路试轮胎耐磨性能略有下降,胎面无异常磨损问题。     

光热作用对芳纶长丝和短纤混纺纱机械性能的影响

在高温、紫外线照射和简单光热复合作用3种条件下处理Kevlar、Nomex长丝和它们的短纤维混纺纱线,测试所有试样的断裂强力和断裂伸长,研究3种试样的光热稳定性。结果表明:高温对3种试样拉伸性能的影响非常明显,250℃以上的高温处理会导致纱线强力严重损失;随着紫外线照射时间的增加,3种试样断裂强力都明显下降;光热复合作用会导致试样拉伸性能更为剧烈地下降。     

冬季轮胎胎面胶配方的研究

研究高寒和普通冬季轮胎胎面胶的配方与性能.结果表明：天然橡胶和顺丁橡胶适用于高寒地区冬季低速轮胎,溶聚丁苯橡胶适用于普通地区冬季高速轮胎.冬季轮胎胎面胶配方中加入硫酸镁后,对其抗湿滑性能和冰雪路面行驶性能造成不利影响;以抗湿滑助剂部分等量替代白炭黑后,胎面胶的损耗因子增大、低温条件下的储能模量下降,其抗湿滑性能和冰雪路面行驶性能提高;亚甲基受体和给体的加入也会提高胎面胶的抗湿滑性能和冰雪路面行驶性能.     

Dual responsive wool fabric by cellulose nanowhisker reinforced shape memory polyurethane

Shape memory wool fabrics having both temperature and moisture responsiveness were fabricated by a functional nanocomposite treatment comprising of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and cellulose nanowhisker (CNW). Water vapor permeability and sweat absorption properties were investigated under different temperature or relative humidity values to test smart comfort capabilities of the treated fabrics. Besides, felting shrinkage and weight loss of the fabrics after repeated washing cycles were investigated for end use performance. It was found out that the wool fabrics functionalized by nanocomposite treatments exhibited dynamic breathability and sweat absorption changing with temperature and relative humidity of body or environment. Moreover, nanocomposite application enhanced rigidity, tear strength, anti-felting and weight loss performances of the wool fabric. 20 wt% CNW concentration can be suggested for thermal comfort, mechanical and end use performance enhancements to obtain smart garments having dynamic responsiveness to both body physiological and environmental changes. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 137, 48674.     

玄武岩和玻璃纤维非织造布的隔热性能

通过自主设计的隔热性能测试仪器,分别测试了玄武岩和玻璃纤维非织造布在不同厚度、不同层数时织物上下表面的温度、温差及变化规律,以表征织物的隔热性能。结果表明:玄武岩和玻璃纤维非织造布的隔热性能随织物厚度及层数的增加而提高,但不成比例;两种非织造布隔热性能不同。     

Effect of carbon fabric type on the mechanical performance of 2D carbon/carbon composites

A stabilized PAN fabric was carbonized and graphitized from 800°C to 2500°C. Two-dimensional (2D) carbon/carbon composites were made using the stabilized PAN fabric, carbonized fabrics, and a resol-type phenol-formaldehyde resin. These composites were heat-treated from 600°C to 2500°C. The influence of different heat-treated fabrics and heat treatment on the fracture and flexural strength of these composites was also studied. The composite reinforced with higher heat-treated fabrics showed a lower weight loss than that with lower heat-treated fabrics. When the composites were graphitized at 2500°C, the loss was 49.7 wt% for the composite made with stabilized PAN fabric and 26 wt% for that with carbonized fabric at 2500°C. Those composites also have a higher density than composites produced by other methods. Composites made with stabilized PAN fabric exhibited a strong bonding in the fiber/matrix during pyrolysis. This composite showed catastrophic fracture and a smooth fracture surface with no fiber pullout. Composites made with higher carbonized fabrics exhibited a weak interface bonding. These composites showed a pseudo-plastic fracture pattern with fiber pullout during pyrolysis. Composites made with carbonized fabrics at 2000°C and 2500°C showed the highest flexural strength at the prolysis temperature of 1000°C. Composites made with carbonized fabric at 1300°C showed the highest flexural strength above 1500°C to 2500°C. The composite made with stabilized PAN fabric exhibited the lowest flexural strength during pyrolysis.     

Moisture absorption capacity of polyamide 6,6 fabrics surface functionalised by chitosan-based hydrogel finishes

The present study aims at investigating the moisture absorption capacity of polyamide 6,6 fabrics when their surface is functionalised by chitosan-based hydrogels. For the finishing procedure, bulk hydrogels of chitosan (CS) with different contents of embedded thermosensitive microparticles of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNIAA) were used. In practice, hydrogel incorporation into the fabric surface layer was achieved by crosslinking primary amine groups of chitosan with the end amine groups of polyamide, using the natural crosslinker genipin. Among other analytical techniques, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the surface morphology of both hydrogel and fabric samples, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to determine the Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) of PNIAA, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to analyse the fabric surface chemical composition. The fabric moisture contents were determined by weight measurements at different temperatures and relative humidity values (RH). Liquid porosimetry, water vapour transmission (WVT) and dynamic wetting measurements were also performed to assess the fabric pore volume distribution, permeability and wetting times, respectively. It was found that the moisture absorbed by the functionalised polyamide fabrics can be regulated at different conditions of temperature and relative humidity according to the PNIAA/CS ratio in the hydrogel. For example, at 40 °C (i.e. above the PNIAA LCST) and even at high RH (85%), the higher the PNIAA/CS ratio was in the incorporated hydrogel, the lower were the moisture contents of the functionalised fabrics, compared to the reference. In all cases, the presence of CS increased significantly the polyamide fabric wetting times.     

Investigations on the level dyeing of fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide

The level dyeing of fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated by employing an improved beam (a perforated pipe on which the knitted or woven fabric/warp is wound around). The effects of system temperature, pressure, dyeing time, a time ratio of fluid circulation to static dyeing (R_time), different fabric layers wrapped around the beam, and the species and chemical structures of dyestuffs on leveling properties and color strength of polyester and cotton fabrics were observed. The results show that the leveling properties and color strength of fabrics were improved on the new beam, as well as with a favorably increased system temperature, pressure, dyeing time, and a time ratio of fluid circulation to static dyeing; while the leveling property and color strength decreased with fabric layers on the beam under an identical condition. Highly leveling results were obtained on polyester and cotton fabrics with disperse and reactive disperse dyes involving different chemical structures.     

PB/TAED对织物氧漂洗涤的损伤研究

采用含有PB/TAED活化氧漂体系的洗衣粉对活性染料上染的棉织物进行洗涤.设计正交实验,在不同染料、洗涤剂、温度等条件下测试织物洗后的拉伸断裂强力、K/S值、色差,得出各因素对织物性能的影响.为更好地进行织物护理提供依据.     

Relationships between the properties of fibers and thermally bonded nonwoven fabrics made of polypropylene

Typical polypropylene fibers for use in light nonwoven fabrics were produced in a full scale compact-spinning line. Molecular weight distribution (MWD), extrusion temperature, draw-down ratio, and draw ratio were varied. The fibers were thermally bonded (welded) into nonwoven fabrics, at different bonding temperatures, using a pilot calender line. The tensile properties of the fabrics are influenced by the MWD and the processing conditions of the fibers, and the effects of these fiber parameters increase with increasing bonding temperature. The fabric strength increases with increasing M_w/M_n, decreasing draw ratio, and increasing extrusion temperature, while in all these cases the fiber strength generally follows the opposite trend. Furthermore, the fabric strength, as well as the fiber strength, have a maximum as a function of draw-down ratio. The tensile properties of the fabrics seem to be governed by the bonding properties of the constituent fibers, not the fiber strength per se. Bond characteristics are discussed in terms of skin-core structures. Some details of the macroscopic fracture mechanisms of fabrics were revealed by scanning electron microscopy and the shape of load-elongation curves. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Low‐temperature plasma processing for the enhancement of surface properties and dyeability of wool fabric

In the present investigation, wool fabric was treated with a low‐temperature air plasma. The plasma discharge power and treatment time were varied. The effect of plasma treatment on various fabric properties such as wettability, wickability, dyeability, crease recovery angle, breaking strength, and elongation at break was investigated. Surface morphology was studied using SEM micrographs. The fabric became substantially hydrophilic even with a short duration of air plasma treatment of 30 s with improvement in dye uptake and in the rate of dyeing when dyed at a lower temperature. Under these treatment conditions, aging was almost nil in a dry environment, even after 45 days, whereas some aging was observed in a humid (75% relative humidity) environment. A 20% increase in the breaking strength and 24% increase in the elongation at break were observed with reduction in wrinkle recovery angle to 133–144° from 169° for untreated fabric. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43097.     

Tear behavior of polyester‐based coated textiles after thermo‐oxidative aging

In this article, a new method to characterize the tear behavior of coated textiles using fracture mechanics is proposed. The energy dissipated in tearing (EDT) of as‐received and thermally aged samples of polyester fabric, polyvinyl acetate rubber coating, and textile‐coating composites was calculated and compared. The EDT of the coated fabric displayed a slightly smaller value than the fabric alone, whereas the EDT of the coating was found to be negligible when compared with the other two. The presence of the coating is believed to have a detrimental effect on the tearing behavior of the coated fabric as it hinders interfilament slippage. A master curve of EDT retention vs. aging time for noncoated and coated fabric samples was constructed using the time–temperature superposition principle and fitted using the Hill equation. Fourier transform infrared analyses carried out on aged fabric samples hinted at a possible chain scission process, whereas the crystallinity of fabric samples, calculated via differential scanning calorimetry, was found to decrease after thermal aging. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed an increase in surface roughness after aging that may reduce interfilament friction. These results, coupled to an increase in the adhesion strength between fabric and coating, are likely the cause of the reduction of EDT noticed in aged coated and noncoated fabrics compared with as‐received ones. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Characterization of the draping behavior of jute woven fabrics for applications of natural‐fiber/epoxy composites

In this study, we investigated the draping behavior of jute woven fabric to study the feasibility of using natural fabrics in place of synthetic glass‐fiber fabrics. Draping behavior describes the in‐mold deformation of fabrics, which is vital for the end appearance and performance of polymer composites. The draping coefficient was determined with a common drapemeter for fabrics with densities of 228–765 g/m² and thread counts under different humidity and static dynamic conditions. The results were compared to glass‐fiber fabrics with close areal densities. Characterization of the jute fabrics was carried out to fill the knowledge gap about natural‐fiber fabrics and to ease their modeling. The tensile and bending stiffnesses and the shear coupling were also characterized for a plain woven jute fabric with a tensile machine, Shirley bending tester, and picture frame, respectively. As a case study, the draping and resin‐transfer molding of the jute fabric over a complex asymmetric form was performed to measure the geometrical conformance. The adoption of natural fibers as a substitute for synthetic fibers, where the strength requirements are satisfied, would thus require no special considerations for tool design or common practices. However, the use of natural fibers would lead to weight and cost reductions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1453–1465, 2013