一种求解多项式根最大模的区间进化AFSA

针对多项式根的最大模求解问题,给出一种求解多项式根最大模的区间进化人工鱼群算法(AFSA)。该算法利用公告板上前后两代的信息,将搜索区间映射到更为有效的区域中,其搜索区间是动态的和进化的,从理论上证明该算法的收敛性。仿真实验结果表明,该算法在求多项式根最大模中是可行有效的,收敛速度快,求解精度高。     

胖树型片上网络的低能耗映射算法

为解决胖树型片上网络的映射问题,针对该网络不同层路由器间链路长度不同的特点,提出一种低能耗映射优化模型,并设计一种基于捕食搜索策略的差分进化算法(PSDE)进行模型求解.该算法将捕食搜索策略与差分进化算法相结合,弥补了差分进化算法易陷入局部最优的不足,增强了捕食搜索策略的局部搜索能力.仿真实验结果表明,与遗传算法和模拟退火算法相比,PSDE可以缩短运行时间,并获得低能耗、高质量的优化映射结果.     

基于克隆选择原理的基因表达式程序设计

提出了一种基于免疫克隆选择算法的基因表达式程序设计混合算法(CS-GEP).基因表达式程序设计(GEP)是一种新近提出的遗传程序设计方法,已逐渐成为演化计算新的分支.GEP最为重要的优点在于其具有很强的表达能力,而如何充分利用GEP易操作的特点,提高GEP的群体搜索能力是研究较少的一个重要内容.CS-GEP方法借鉴免疫克隆选择原理重新设计了一种克隆选择学习策略替代原GEP算法的遗传算法搜索策略,数值实验结果表明,CS-GEP较GEP具有更好的问题求解能力.     

基于基因表达式编程的TSP问题求解

利用遗传算法求解组合优化问题时,需要特有的遗传算子,才能在候选解空间中有效搜索和进化。基因表达式编程（GEP）是进化计算家族的新成员。旅游商问题（TSP）是典型的组合优化问题,得到了广泛的研究,它的研究成果将对求解NP类问题产生重要影响。基于基因表达式编程（GEP）来解决TSP问题,引入适用组合优化的遗传算子：逆串,基因串的删/插等,最后进行了实验,展示GEP解决TSP问题的方法。实验表明GEP能有效解决TSP问题,设计的系统是强壮健康,其求解速度快且解的质量好。     

改进的基因表达式程序设计实现复杂函数的自动建模

基因表达式程序设计(简称GEP)是一种新型的遗传算法,它继承了遗传程序设计(简称GP)和遗传算法的优点并且具有更高的效率和更强的搜索能力,但同时也存在缺乏学习机制,搜索过于盲目的缺点,针对其缺点对其进行了如下改进:(1)改变了GEP的基因表达式结构,将原来的“头+尾”结构改成了“头+身+尾”结构,以利于其引进学习机制;(2)同源基因也采用“头+身+尾”结构,以利于增强其搜索能力;用其实现复杂函数的自动建模,实例测试的结果表明用改进的基因表达式程序设计得到的模型比传统方法得到的模型要好,甚至优于用遗传程序设计和基本的基因表达式程序设计得到的模型。     

基于差分进化基因表达式编程的全局函数优化

为了提高基因表达式编程(Gene Expression Programming,GEP)在函数优化时的效率,将差分进化(Differ-ential Evolution,DE)引入到GEP中,提出了基于差分进化的基因表达式编程的全局优化算法DEGEPO.主要工作包括:(1)针对全局函数优化问题,根据GEP和DE的特点设计了新的基因编码;(2)设计了新的变异和交叉算子;(3)提出了DEGEPO算法并进行了算法分析;(4)实验验证了算法的有效性.相对于传统GEP,DEGEPO,优化结果精度平均提高了2～4个数量级.     

基因评估基因表达式程序设计方法

基因表达式程序设计(Gene Expression Programming,简称GEP)与遗传程序设计(Genetic Programming,简称GP)相比,具有更强的搜索能力、更简单的编码表示方法和产生更高复杂性函数的能力.但是它也存在一些缺点,例如缺乏学习机制,搜索过于盲目.针对这一缺点,本文提出了一种新的自动程序设计方法:基因评估基因表达式程序设计(Gene Estimated Gene Expression Programming,简称GEGEP).与GEP相比,GEGEP主要具有如下特点:(1)改变了GEP的基因表达式结构,将原来的“头 尾”结构改成了“头 身 尾”结构,以利于其引进学习机制;(2)同源基因也采用“头 身 尾”结构,以利于增强其搜索能力;(3)引入了分布评估算法(Estimation of Distribution Algorithm,简称EDA)的思想,以利于增加其学习能力并且加快其收敛速度.实验结果表明,与GEP和GP相比,GEGEP具有更高的拟合和预测精度、更快的收敛速度.     

一种新型GEP解码方法

基因表达式编程（Gene Expression Programming）是进化算法的最新成果。它继承了遗传算法（GA）编码简单与遗传程序设计（GP）有巨大空间搜索能力的优点。提出一种新的GEP解码方法：GEP的非物理树解码算法。其在不影响原算法其他性质的情况下极大地提高了传统解码算法的运行速度,在一定程度上解决了GEP进化过程中表达式树（Expression Tree,ET）建立和释放消耗巨大时空资源的瓶颈。     

DC-GEP:基因表达式编程早熟预警——多样性贡献策略

基因表达式编程(gene expression programming,GEP)是函数发现的有力工具,但传统的GEP存在早熟缺陷,为了解决这一问题,已有的研究方法均是在早熟发生后采取补救的措施,导致效率的降低。采用了预警思路来防止GEP早熟现象的发生。主要工作如下:(1)通过对种群个体多样性的评价,提出基于多样性贡献的最优个体选择机制,设计了基于融合适应度和多样性贡献的GEP进化算法diversity contribution-GEP(DC-GEP);(2)提出了一种进化辈数自动确定的方法,实现了自适应的DC-GEP进化算法;(3)实验表明,DC-GEP对于复杂函数挖掘的算法性能比标准GEP在进化效率上平均提高了70%。     

结合低位深像素预测起点的小波域运动估计

提出一种用2b深度的像素预测搜索起点的快速小波域运动估计算法.首先,将像素深度的转换形式化为区间分划和区间映射,采用非均匀量化求解区间分划的初始阈值,再用隶属函数计算量化阈值并完成区间映射,从而获得位深度为2b的视频表示;其次,设计了非均匀的搜索起点分布模板,并以此为基础提出一种基于2b深度像素的搜索起点预测算法;最后,以搜索起点为中心,进一步采用改进的低频子带平移运动估计算法MLBSSME在较小的窗口内完成搜索.实验结果表明,对于具有不同场景特点的视频序列,算法始终能保持较高的估计精度,运动补偿的平均峰值信噪比较之低频子带平移运动估计和直接子带运动估计算法高0.41dB和1.43 dB,比空间域全搜索降低0.07 dB.但是,算法的计算量仅相当于空间域全搜索的4.66％、低频子带平移运动估计的4.62％、子带直接运动估计的22.70％.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。