主频占优镶边滤波器分解信号为本征模态函数的方法

针对本征模态函数分解方法FFDSI存在的问题,首先将信号变换到频率域,采用以主频率为始点逐渐向两边扩大频率通过带宽度的方法,寻求一种最宽带通镶边滤波器,使信号经此滤波器滤波后得到的信号为本征模态函数。然后,从原信号减去此模态函数并重复这一过程,便可实现信号的本征模态函数分解。新方法不仅可以有效削弱吉布斯效应,较好地反映信号的瞬时特性,尽可能地降低拆分"拍"信号的机率,而且在分解过程中还同时得到了本征模态函数的解析信号,这为以后计算Hilbert谱提供了很大便利。文中还对风浪信号进行了分解,得到了5个有意义的主要本征模态函数。     

基于HHT的管道阀门内漏声发射检测研究

针对管道阀门内漏声发射信号的非平稳特征,提出将总体平均经验模式分解(EEMD)和希尔伯特变换相结合的希尔伯特黄变换(HHT)方法应用于管道阀门内漏声发射检测中。利用EEMD方法将阀门内漏声发射信号自适应分解为一簇本征模态函数(IMF),并对分解后的信号进行Hilbert谱和HHT边际谱分析,可以提取到阀门内漏声发射信号的本质特征,突破常规时频分析的非线性信号局限性以及经验模式分解(EMD)造成的模态混叠现象;相比于STFT频谱,Hilbert谱具有较高的时频分辨率,最后对信号的Hilbert边际谱分析确定了内漏信号的主要作用频率。该方法可以有效的应用于阀门内漏声发射检测中。     

滚动轴承故障的EMD诊断方法研究

提出了一种基于经验模式分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition，EMD）的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。这种方法中，局部损伤滚动轴承产生的高频调幅信号成分被EMD分解作为本征模函数分离出来，然后用Hilbert变换得到其包络信号，计算包络谱，就能够提取滚动轴承故障特征频率。该方法被用于分析实验台上采集的具有内圈损伤及外圈损伤的滚动轴承振动信号。分析结果表明，与传统的包络解调方法相比，新方法能够更有效地提取轴承故障特征，诊断轴承故障，因而具有重要的实用价值。     

基于第二代小波和EMD的解调方法及其应用研究

针对复合故障中滚动轴承微弱冲击性故障特征难于提取的问题,提出基于第二代小波和EMD的解调方法,进行复合故障的耦合特征分离和轴承损伤性故障微弱信号的特征提取研究.该方法首先应用第二代小波分解与重构原始信号,针对分解与重构出的高频段信号进行经验模式分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition, EMD),得到若干个本征模函数(Intrinsic Mode Functions, IMFs),然后针对本征模函数中的高频成分进行Hilbert包络解调,准确提取高频调制故障特征.仿真及实验结果表明该方法的有效性和实用性.     

基于EEMD的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

提出一种基于集合经验模态分解的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先目标信号中加入一定分量的白噪声信号;然后再进行经验模态分解;并且多次重复以上两步,但每次加入不同的白噪声信号;取多次所得的对应内禀模态函数的平均值作为最终的内禀模态函数。最后对内禀模态函数进行Hilbert变换,得到Hilbert谱和Hilbert边际谱,通过谱分析识别滚动轴承的运行状态和故障类型。实验结果显示所提方法的有效性。     

多分辨Hilbert边际谱在旋转机械故障诊断中的应用

针对旋转机械故障振动信号的非平稳性特征,提出了一种基于多分辨Hilbert边际谱变换的旋转机械故障诊断方法.Hilbert-Huang变换是一种新的自适应信号处理方法,通过经验模态分解方法(EMD)可以获得一系列固有模态函数(IMF),通过对故障信号的多阶IMF分量进行边际谱分析,提取旋转机械故障信号.实验结果表明,基于多分辨Hilbert边际谱的变换能够有效地提取旋转机械故障特征.     

基于Hilbert谱奇异值的滚动轴承故障诊断

提出一种基于Hilbert谱奇异值的故障特征提取方法,将其与支持向量机结合应用于轴承故障诊断。利用小波阈值降噪的方法对拾取的轴承故障振动信号进行滤波降噪,然后利用经验模式分解将降噪信号分解为若干个IMF分量之和,对每个IMF分量进行Hilbert变换得到振动信号的Hilbert谱,对Hilbert谱进行奇异值分解得到反映轴承状态特征的奇异值序列,再利用奇异值作为特征向量,应用支持向量机进行轴承故障诊断,并对不同核函数的诊断结果进行了分析比较。对正常轴承、内圈故障、外圈故障、滚动体故障的实际信号的诊断验证了该方法可的有效性。     

基于多元经验模态分解与卷积神经网络的气液两相流流型识别

提出了一种基于多元经验模态分解(MEMD)与卷积神经网络(CNN)的垂直管道气液两相流流型识别方法。该方法基于数字化电阻层析成像(ERT)系统采集的测量数据,预处理后进行MEMD分析,通过求取各分量与原始信号的皮尔逊相关系数选取本征模函数(IMFs)并求解Hilbert边际谱,提取Hilbert边际谱的标准差与均值作为卷积神经网络(CNN)输入以识别流型。结果表明,该方法能够有效识别泡状流、弹状流、段塞流,平均识别准确率可达96.43%。     

基于HHT方法的爆破地震信号分析

在介绍HHT(Hilbert HuangTransform)理论的基础上,结合现场测试,将这种理论引入到爆破地震信号分析中。HHT方法主要通过经验模式分解方法将信号分解成有限的固有模态函数,并对每个固有模态函数进行Hilbert变换从而得到Hilbert谱。经过FFT、小波谱对比分析,结果表明:在爆破地震信号分析中,利用经验模式分解不需要固定的基函数,可将原始信号分解为少量的、频率自高至低排列的固有模态函数,分解过程具有自适应性、高效性;再通过Hilbert变换所得的谱图能清晰地反映原始地震信号能量随时间、频率的分布。HHT法能有效地提取爆破地震信号的主要特征,更能适应信号突变快、衰减快的特征,为进一步认识爆破地震波的传播机理、破坏原因和危害判据的确定提供了新的途径。     

小波变换在切削颠振特征提取中的应用

本文利用小波变换的多分辨率特性,首先对切削颤振信号进行小波分解,然后通过主成分分析法对特征小波进行重构,再对重构信号进行特征提取,从而有效地解决了课题基于隐马尔可夫模型（HMM）切削颤振预报的特征提取问题.文章还提出了从时域基于功率分析对颤振信号进行特征提取的新方法,为切削颤振的特征提取提供了新的模式样本.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.