具有旋转自由度的广义协调矩形膜元

本文根据广义协调的思想,在平面应力矩形单元双线性协调位移场中,引入附加广义泡状位移场,构造出一种具有平面内旋转自由度的矩形膜单元,它满足广义协调条件。数值计算结果表明,这种单元有很高的计算精度,而且计算量少,是一种能收敛于精确解的单元。     

基于四边形面积坐标的广义协调轴对称单元

利用了点组合广义协调和周广义协调条件,基于四边形面积坐标方法构造了含内参的4结点四边形空间轴对称单元AQACQ6。通过进一步对内参应变矩阵进行合理修正,从而形成新单元AQACQ6M,该单元能够通过强式分片检验。两种单元的位移场都达到对整体坐标的二次完备。数值算例表明:上述轴对称单元不仅精度高,而且抗网格畸变和几乎不可压缩问题能力优于等参单元,显示了面积坐标和广义协调理论的优越性。     

基于解析试函数的内参型广义协调膜元

利用解析试函数法构造一个内参型四结点八自由度广义协调膜元。根据弹性力学平面问题的控制方程和艾雷应力函数,求出问题完备的基本解析解,然后用其作为试函数并采用广义协调条件来构造单元:ATF-GCQ4X。该单元采用了14个解析试函数构造了应变二次完备的内部场,同时引入6个附加边界位移模式,采用平衡力系为权函数构造相应的广义协调条件。数值算例表明,该类内参型单元能在不提高单元结点自由度的情况下提高单元精度,并显示出良好的收敛特性。     

广义协调六结点平面曲边单元研究

主要运用广义协调原理,针对计算平面曲边单元的有限元算法进行了研究,并且利用点、周混合协调条件构造了三种高性能六结点曲边单元。第一、二种单元在平面直角坐标内分别采用解析试函数和完全三次多项式构造,第三种单元在六结点等参单元Q6的基础上附加广义协调泡状位移而成。这三种单元均能通过强式分片试验,并且显示了良好的计算精度和抗畸变能力。     

基于平面弹性-板弯曲比拟理论的Wilson型板弯曲单元

应用平面弹性板弯曲比拟关系,可以避开1c连续性的困难,为板单元的构造提供了一种新的途径。这一新方法已成功地将一些平面弹性协调单元转化为新型板弯曲单元。根据比拟理论将著名的平面弹性Wilson元QM6转化为板弯曲单元,从而将新方法应用到平面弹性非协调元。单元构造简单,数值结果表明具有很好的收敛性和精度。     

一种基于四边形面积坐标的四结点平面参变量单元

基于四边形面积坐标和广义协调原理,通过投影技术,并引入0~1区间上可连续变化的罚因子,构造了一款具有统一格式的四结点平面参变量单元AQGβ6-I。通过4组数值算例测试了单元性能,并将计算结果与许多著名单元对比表明:时,单元退化为原始格式,具有原始单元的全部优良性能;时,单元可以精确通过强分片检验,此时性能与许多著名单元基本相当,显著优于传统平面四结点等参单元(Q4);时,单元兼具较好的抗网格畸变能力和收敛速度。单元的构造方式对缓解一个有限元难题(通过常分片检验的四结点单元在弯曲问题中表现欠佳,而在弯曲问题中表现非常好的单元无法通过强分片检验)提供了有益思路。     

一个基于膜板比拟理论的四边形双线性薄板单元

平面弹性与板弯曲的相似性理论为构造薄板单元提供了一条有效的新途径。根据这一理论,现有的平面弹性单元原则上可以转化为板弯曲单元。从平面弹性四节点双线性等参元Q4出发,根据相似性理论构造出一个新的四边形八自由度双线性薄板单元。该单元构造简单,节点自由度少,可以视为最简单的四边形薄板单元。数值结果表明,该单元能通过分片试验,满足坐标不变性,具有良好的收敛性和精度。是一个良好的低阶薄板单元。     

采用面积坐标和基于假设转角的薄板元

采用四边形面积坐标方法,从假设转角位移场入手构造了两个广义协调四边形4结点薄板单元AΨQ-I和AΨQ-II。通过采用边界协调条件一次项与二次项分别协调使转角场实现了三次完备。与DKQ等同类单元相比,单元的精度和抗网格畸变能力都有很大提高。     

用于壳体自由振动分析的广义协调元

本文采用基于解析试函数的广义协调四边形膜单元和中厚板单元构造了平板型4节点壳体单元,并将其用于壳体振动分析。该壳体单元具有列式简单,易于编程的优点,通过数值算例表明,该单元计算精度高,非常适合工程计算     

内参型附加非协调位移基本项的推导和应用

在协调元位移模式基础上附加内参项是构造非协调元的一种常用方法。目前一般是先假设非协调位移模式(不能保证其通过小片试验)，然后按照一定的方法进行修改，从而形成能够保证收敛的非协调位移场，可是构造过程往往较复杂。本文从广义协调条件出发，首次推导了平面问题内参任意阶次附加非协调位移基本项通用公式，形式简单，便于工程人员直接应用于工程实践。根据通用公式，本文以Q8协调元为基础，发展了一个新的非协调元，数值试验表明它能够保证收敛，有较高精度，抗畸变能力强，从而证明了本文方法的可行性。     

几何非线性广义协调四边形板单元

本文将广义协调四边形板单元ＬＧＣ－Ｑ１２及ＬＳＬ－Ｑ１２的弯曲位移模式引入板的大挠度分析中，构造了几何非线性广义协调四边形板单元，并分别对固支圆板、固支椭圆板及固支斜板进行了大挠度分析     

A partition of unity‐based ‘FE–Meshfree’ QUAD4 element for geometric non‐linear analysis

The recently published ‘FE–Meshfree’ QUAD4 element is extended to geometrical non‐linear analysis. The shape functions for this element are obtained by combining meshfree and finite element shape functions. The concept of partition of unity (PU) is employed for the purpose. The new shape functions inherit their higher order completeness properties from the meshfree shape functions and the mesh‐distortion tolerant compatibility properties from the finite element (FE) shape functions. Updated Lagrangian formulation is adopted for the non‐linear solution. Several numerical example problems are solved and the performance of the element is compared with that of the well‐known Q4, QM6 and Q8 elements. The results show that, for regular meshes, the performance of the element is comparable to that of QM6 and Q8 elements, and superior to that of Q4 element. For distorted meshes, the present element has better mesh‐distortion tolerance than Q4, QM6 and Q8 elements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

带旋转自由度的广义协调三角形膜元

应用广义协调元理论,通过增加内参位移的方法,构造了两个具有旋转自由度的三角形膜元。本文单元能通过任意三角形分片检验,符合连续介质力学关于旋转自由度的定义,并且没有引入刚性转角假设。数值算例表明其具有较高的计算精度。     

4‐node unsymmetric quadrilateral membrane element with drilling DOFs insensitive to severe mesh‐distortion

The unsymmetric finite element method is a promising technique to produce distortion‐immune finite elements. In this work, a simple but robust 4‐node 12‐DOF unsymmetric quadrilateral membrane element is formulated. The test function of this new element is determined by a concise isoparametric‐based displacement field that is enriched by the Allman‐type drilling degrees of freedom. Meanwhile, a rational stress field, instead of the displacement one in the original unsymmetric formulation, is directly adopted to be the element's trial function. This stress field is obtained based on the analytical solutions of the plane stress/strain problem and the quasi‐conforming technique. Thus, it can a priori satisfy related governing equations. Numerical tests show that the presented new unsymmetric element, named as US‐Q4θ, exhibits excellent capabilities in predicting results of both displacement and stress, in most cases, superior to other existing 4‐node element models. In particular, it can still work very well in severely distorted meshes even when the element shape deteriorates into concave quadrangle or degenerated triangle.     

A systematic construction of B‐bar functions for linear and non‐linear mixed‐enhanced finite elements for plane elasticity problems

In a previous paper a modified Hu–Washizu variational formulation has been used to derive an accurate four node plane strain/stress finite element denoted QE2. For the mixed element QE2 two enhanced strain terms are used and the assumed stresses satisfy the equilibrium equations a priori for the linear elastic case. In this paper an alternative approach is discussed. The new formulation leads to the same accuracy for linear elastic problems as the QE2 element; however it turns out to be more efficient in numerical simulations, especially for large deformation problems. Using orthogonal stress and strain functions we derive B̄ functions which avoid numerical inversion of matrices. The B̄ ‐strain matrix is sparse and has the same structure as the strain matrix B obtained from a compatible displacement field. The implementation of the derived mixed element is basically the same as the one for a compatible displacement element. The only difference is that we have to compute a B̄ ‐strain matrix instead of the standard B ‐matrix. Accordingly, existing subroutines for a compatible displacement element can be easily changed to obtain the mixed‐enhanced finite element which yields a higher accuracy than the Q4 and QM6 elements. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new drilling quadrilateral membrane element with high coarse-mesh accuracy using a modified Hu-Washizu principle

By utilizing a modified Hu-Washizu principle, a new mixed variational framework and a corresponding high-performing four-node membrane element with drilling degrees of freedom, named as GCMQ element, are proposed. In this work, the generalized conforming concept, which is originally proposed within a displacement-based formulation, is extended to a mixed formulation. The new element is able to handle higher-order displacement, strain, and stress distributions. The interpolations are complete up to second order for stress and strain. The enhanced strain field is optimized so that a complete cubic displacement field can be represented. For numerical integration, a five-point scheme is proposed to minimize computational cost. Compared to other four-node elements in existing literature, numerical examples show that the proposed element has a better performance regarding predictions of both displacements and internal forces, particularly with coarse meshes. The new element is also free from shear locking and volumetric locking. Due to the nature of the mixed framework, GCMQ can be directly used in elastoplastic applications.