随机幅相误差对线阵方向图最高副瓣电平的影响研究

副瓣电平是天线的重要技术指标之一,较低的副瓣电平可以减弱杂波影响、提高雷达的抗干扰能力。但在实际设计天线的过程中,不可避免的会引入随机误差,使得阵列的口径分布发生变化,直接影响天线阵的性能。随机误差的引入最终都可以表现为阵列各个单元的幅度误差和相位误差,故需要分析随机幅相误差对阵列天线副瓣电平的影响。本文以此出发,应用统计学理论,得到计入随机幅相误差后阵列副瓣区副瓣电平的统计特性,并由此分析在整个副瓣区域内最高副瓣电平的统计特性。结合计算机仿真,证明分析计算结果的正确性。     

非周期阵列天线辐射性能的研究

针对非周期大间距矩形阵列,运用遗传算法对其进行优化布阵和幅度加权,得到各阵元最佳的位置和幅度分布,使得阵列扫描范围内的副瓣电平最低。研究了阵元间距、阵列扫描范围、单元天线波束宽度等3种因素对阵列副瓣电平和增益的影响,得到了各因素对阵列辐射性能影响的规律。通过遗传算法优化得到了扫描范围内副瓣电平最低时的阵元间距,可用于指导工程设计。     

随机误差对数字波束形成系统性能的影响

文中针对数字波束形成系统,推导出阵列天线的通道幅相误差和阵元位置误差对波束方向图的第一副瓣、零陷深度及半功率波束宽度影响的一般规律。并且对数学公式进行了详细的推导。分析与仿真结果表明：随机误差对波束方向图性能的影响主要与天线阵列的权系数和阵元数目有关。     

基于遗传算法和模拟退火的不等间距稀布阵的设计

副瓣电平在天线阵列的设计中是很重要的指标,已经有很多方法进行这方面的改进。该文在稀布阵概念的基础上,引入了距离微扰,提出不等间距稀布阵的模型,来进一步改善天线阵的副瓣电平,并且利用遗传算法和模拟退火对这种不等间距稀布阵进行了综合设计。给出了200元线阵和4020面阵的优化结果,从仿真结果可以看到天线副瓣电平得到了改善。     

随机误差对超低副瓣天线平面近场测量的影响

导出了平面近场测量中近场幅相随机误差所引起的误差谱的解析表达式。利用计算机模拟和统计平均的方法研究了近场幅相随机误差对超低副瓣天线平面近场测量结果的影响 ,并给出不同口径尺寸的超低副瓣天线的平面近场测量 ,为保证- 5 5 d B副瓣± 5 d B的测试精度 ,所能允许的近场幅相随机误差的最大起伏度     

幅相误差对有源相控阵天线副瓣的影响

对误差分布函数进行了理论分析,通过分析有源相控阵系统的组成,构建了其误差组成结构,并推导了误差计算公式.通过理论推导和仿真分析研究了幅相误差对有源相控阵天线副瓣电平的影响.结合误差计算公式和副瓣电平公式得到了实现所需副瓣电平的幅相误差分配方法.     

基于分区迭代傅里叶算法的稀疏阵列天线设计优化

针对迭代傅里叶算法（IFT）在对稀疏阵列天线优化时,阵元不分区域地大规模截断带来的不利影响,介绍了一种分区IFT算法。根据满阵幅度锥削分布计算每个分区域需要的激励阵元数,在算法的截断过程中,对每个分区中按照所需的阵元数对激励幅度较大的阵元进行截断,从而使阵元的密度分布更加接近于满阵的幅度分布,更容易获得相对较低的副瓣电平。将其应用于圆形孔径平面稀疏阵列天线的优化布阵,以抑制阵列天线的峰值副瓣电平为目的,仿真试验表明分区IFT算法可以得到比标准IFT算法更优的结果。     

两维DBF相控阵雷达的通道误差与通道均衡

阵元位置误差、阵元间互耦的影响、接收机通道的频率响应的差异都直接影响着雷达阵列信号处理的性能。有效地校正由上述因素产生的误差以获得良好的天线副瓣电平和信号处理能力，一直是人们着重研究的课题。本文针对两维DBF相控阵雷达，探讨窄带情况下通道误差对系统的影响和通道均衡的方法。     

超低副瓣阵列天线的公差分析

对Ｓ波段超低副瓣阵列天线中的线阵和面阵的相关误差，非相关误差与平均误差与副辨电平，最大误差副辨电平之间的各种关系进行了分析，得到了一些有用的公式和图表。实验证明水平面在３００ＧＨｚ内最大副瓣电平低于－４０ｄＢ，宽角副民平低于－５０ｄＢ，垂直面内在中心频率处最大副瓣低于－３８．７ｄＢ，交叉极化最大副民平低于－４０ｄＢ。     

随机误差对电扫阵列天线副瓣和方向性系数的影响

研究随机误差对电扫阵列天线(包括频扫和相扫天线)方向性和副瓣电平的影响,根据频扫阵列天线实际存在的随机误差给出了计算结果。     

Approximate formulas for lateral electromagnetic pulses from a horizontal electric dipole on the surface of one-dimensionally anisotropic medium

In this paper, approximate formulas are derived for the electromagnetic pulse due to a delta-function current in a horizontal electric dipole on the planar boundary between a homogeneous isotropic medium and one-dimensionally anisotropic medium. The components of the electric field consist of two delta-function lateral pulses which decrease with the amplitude factor /spl rho//sup -2/ and travel along the boundary with different velocities and different amplitudes. Also, it is noted that the formulas for the time-dependent magnetic field components obtained by Fourier transforms from the approximate formulas in the frequency domain are not adequate.     

波像差与光束质量β因子的关系

分析了光学系统的波像差与对应的光束质量β因子间的关系，推导了光束质量β因子的近似计算公式。用数值计算方法建立了各种泽尼克多项式的波像差均方根值(RMS)与口因子问的拟合关系式。在此基础上，分析了科尔莫哥诺夫大气湍流引起的波像差与对应光束质量口因子间的关系。数值计算结果验证了推导的近似计算公式在相当大的像差范围内是准确的。     

低副瓣相控阵天线量化幅度权值设计

本文首先推导出了加权宽度相等时一维线阵最优量化权值满足的近似公式.当加权宽度不等时,理论分析比较困难,引入粒子群优化(Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO)算法.首先设计出处理加权宽度的约束整数PSO算法,在此基础上提出了一种联合处理量化权值和加权宽度的串联PSO算法结构.仿真实验验证了本文方法的有效性.文章的最后还讨论了量化权值误差对天线低副瓣性能的影响,以及二维平面阵的设计.     

Error performance of selection combining and switched combining systems in Rayleigh fading channels with imperfect channel estimation

In this paper, we present a general analysis of the performance of selection combining (SC), switch-and-stay combining (SSC), and switch-and-examine combining (SEC) systems in Rayleigh fading channels with imperfect channel estimation (ICE). The complex channel estimate and the actual fading are modeled as jointly Gaussian random variables. For SC systems with channel estimation error, closed-form expressions are obtained for the error rates of M/sub s/-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and rectangular-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and simple single integral formulas with finite integration limits are derived for the symbol error probability of arbitrary two-dimensional (2-D) modulation formats. These error probability expressions are then applied to three types of channel estimation errors potentially encountered in practical systems to study their impact on the performance of selection diversity. Moreover, single integral formulas with finite integration limits are derived for the performance of SSC and SEC systems with minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimation. Optimum switching thresholds for 2-D modulation formats with MMSE based switched combining are acquired through numerical computation.     

Modeling fading channel-estimation errors in pilot-symbol-assisted systems, with application to turbo codes

In this paper, we address the issue of imperfect channel estimation in coded systems on fading channels. Since performance of channel codes is influenced in different ways by different components of channel-estimation errors, we develop a simplified model which separates the estimation errors of a Wiener-filtered received signal into the amplitude error and the phase error. Based on the model, we derive tight bounds on component error variances. Moreover, we prove that the classical Wiener filter results in a biased estimate of the channel amplitude. We also show that the probability of having a phase-estimation error large enough to cause decision errors in the receiver is significant. Using our model, we derive an approximate upper limit on the optimum pilot-symbol spacing and approximate lower limit on bit-error rate performance of coded systems with a given pilot-symbol separation. The proposed model and derivations are confirmed by extensive simulations.     

Relation between three mode field half-width definitions forsingle-mode planar waveguide and application to splice-loss evaluation

Two moment-related definitions for the mode-field half-width (MFHW) of a planar optical waveguide with an arbitrary index profile are proposed, and their relationships to the MFHW based on a Gaussian least-mean-square fit are derived. Various formulas for calculating splice loss for two identical planar waveguides under transverse offset and axial tilt are presented, including accurate formulas based on transmission coefficient, approximate formulas based on various MFHW definitions, and error formulas for using them both. Numerical data for symmetrical step-index slab waveguides show that for small misalignments, splice losses calculated from moment MFHWs are more accurate than those from the Gaussian MFHW, and error formulas can be used to obtain conservative estimates     

Simple formulae for circular-polarization axial-ratio calculations

Some simple, approximate formulas are provided for calculating the axial ratio of a circularly polarized (CP) wave, as generated by two radiating elements that have amplitude, phase, orthogonality, and polarization errors. The derivations of the formulas are not presented, but agreement between the exact and approximate results is demonstrated for a set of sample cases, assuming that the above errors are small     

回旋管高频腔中金属膜片对谐振频率的影响

本文从多点反射的角度给出了高频腔中存在对称金属膜片时谐振频率的计算公式和特性曲线。并从实验上证实了金属膜片对机械加工误差的补偿作用。     

Approximate Formulas for Line Capacitance and Characteristic Impedance of Microstrip Line

A numerically efficient and accurate method for the derivation of line capacitance and characteristic impedance of a thin microstrip line is discussed. Galerkin's method is found to give highly accurate results when only one or two basis functions are used. We use three methods to derive approximate formulas for microstrip line capacitance and characteristic impedance. Asymptotic lower bounds derived through the variational method and matched asymptotic expansion methods give expressions which reveal the functional forms of these approximate formulas. Seminumerical approximation gives rise to formulas usable on a desk calculator. It is found that there is excellent agreement between the seminumerical formulas, the asymptotic formula derived through matched asymptotic expansions and numerically derived results.