一类欠驱动系统的双环滑模控制仿真

针对一类欠驱动四旋翼飞行器(Quadrotor UAV)受控模型,提出一种基于内外环的滑模控制策略,实现了对Quadrotor UAV系统的稳定控制与跟踪。首先采用拉格朗日方程建立四旋翼飞行器的动力学模型,然后根据其数学模型设计以位置系统为外环,姿态系统为内环,滑模控制律为控制方法的内外环控制策略。最后在Matlab环境中对该系统进行仿真,验证了该控制策略的有效性。     

输入受限下的四旋翼无人机鲁棒容错控制

针对四旋翼无人机(UAV)在输入受限情况下的执行器故障和干扰问题,提出了一种鲁棒容错控制方法.首先建立了包含执行器故障、输入受限以及外界干扰的四旋翼UAV位置模型和姿态模型;然后分别对位置环和姿态环进行了分析,采用滑模滤波器对虚拟控制指令滤波,并利用模糊系统逼近法估计出不确定项,设计了鲁棒容错控制律;最后证明了位置环和姿态环的稳定性.仿真实验结果表明:提出的鲁棒容错控制方法能够在输入受限下快速准确跟踪指令信号,与积分滑模容错控制律相比具有更好的控制效果,实现了包容执行器故障和外界干扰的全状态鲁棒容错控制.     

四旋翼飞行器双环条件积分滑模控制

针对存在阵风干扰及未建模特性下的四旋翼飞行器轨迹跟踪控制,基于非线性滑模控制技术,结合条件积分思想及Lyapunov稳定性理论设计了一种位姿双环条件积分滑模控制器.在获得四旋翼非线性动力学模型后对其进行线性化,简化被控对象数学模型,提高控制器设计效率.利用条件积分滑模控制律设计了位置环和姿态环的轨迹跟踪控制器,实现了控...     

小型无人直升机控制及稳定性分析

本文介绍了线性和非线性控制法则两种控制律设计方法在小型直升机上的应用,采用双时域衡量分析方法来分析直升机系统动力学特性。紧子系统和慢子系统分别用于分析直升机转动和平动动力学特性,紧子系统的稳定性是由李亚普诺夫方程保证,同时采用反馈线性化方法稳定控制内回路。此外,在给出线性控制律缺点的同时给出了改进后的非线性控制律,该控制律可以在无人直升机执行大角度、快速度飞行运动科目时更稳定可靠的控制直升机。     

基于FlightGear的直升机可视化飞行仿真系统设计

飞行仿真是直升机控制系统研究中必不可少的一个环节.在VC6.0平台下建立了直升机非线性六自由度动力学模型,飞行控制律和飞行指令遥控台,使用串口使三者进行数据传输;同时借助FlightGear模拟器外部数据的输入/输出接口,将飞行仿真数据通过UDP网络传输,驱动FlightGear可视化引擎,实现飞行仿真中天气条件、飞行姿态和地理环境的三维可视化显示.飞行指令遥控台、飞行控制律、直升机动力学模型及视觉仿真软件这四者构成了一个完整的可视化仿真系统,实现对直升机的总体结构和飞行情况直观形象的显示,从飞机的姿态、位置、轨迹变化中发现存在的问题,对控制策略的设计验证和改善提供一定的帮助.     

大攻角导弹非线性动态自动驾驶仪研究

以设计大攻角导弹非线性动态自动驾驶仪为目的,基于大攻角非线性弹体动力学模型,按过载跟踪误差渐进收敛为目标,建立了应满足舵机偏角的非线性动态方程。结合舵机动力学模型,并按照动态逆原理得到了期望的控制律表达式,然后进行了控制律简化。分别仿真验证了小攻角、大攻角和弹体模型参数摄动条件下控制律的性能,并与传统方法进行了比较。结果表明,非线性动态控制方法的指令跟踪和抗模型参数摄动的鲁棒性均优于传统方法。     

基于增量动态逆的高超声速飞行器控制律设计

针对传统动态逆鲁棒性差的特点,设计了基于增量动态逆的高超声速飞行器的再入鲁棒控制律。首先建立了高超声速飞行器快慢两个回路的控制模型,通过非线性干扰观测器估计再入动力学外来的强干扰,进行前馈补偿;然后通过状态速率反馈,对快慢回路分别设计了增量动态逆控制律,期望动力学采用了抗干扰能力和收敛速度快的非光滑控制律,提高了系统的鲁棒性;引入了线性跟踪-微分器解决了增量动态逆控制律所需状态速率无法测量的问题。最后,通过仿真验证了所提算法的有效性。     

积分分离PID控制算法在PLC炉温控制系统中的应用

针对电加热炉这种非线性对象大惯性、纯滞后、参数时变的控制特点,常规PID控制参数不易调节的缺点,本设计采用积分分离PID控制算法,设计了基于S7-200 PLC的炉温控制系统.实验结果表明该设计能够消除系统的稳态误差,又有效的提高了响应时间和控制精度,具有较好的实用价值.     

基于DSP NNC-PID的电液位置伺服控制系统设计

提出一种NNC-PID电液位置伺服控制系统的设计方法.采用PC机+DSP为主控制器,NNC自学习、自适应对PID参数自整定的控制算法,以满足在非线性、参数时变性、不确定性条件下,对机械手电液位置伺服系统进行高精度和快速响应的控制要求.与常规PID控制的对比实验表明,该系统由于具有自学习和实时调整PID参数的能力,使系统很快收敛于位置稳态值,同时对参数时变表现出良好的鲁棒性,很好地解决了液压系统的非线性和参数时变问题,具有良好的定位精度和伺服跟踪性能.     

时变扰动下的永磁同步电机滑模控制

时变扰动环境下,永磁同步电机(PMSM)采用鲁棒性较好的滑模控制。根据滑模控制中传统指数趋近律,提出一种改进型的趋近律,并基于改进型趋近律设计了一种PMSM调速系统的滑模速度控制器,提高电机的运行性能。通过仿真结果对比分析,设计的基于改进型趋近律的滑模速度控制器不仅可以提高系统的动态性能,而且削弱了系统的抖振现象,使电机在时变扰动下仍具有较高的运行性能。     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-