一种二次雷达大气折射距离误差修正方法

大气折射误差是二次雷达测距误差中最主要的因素之一.针对目前还没有二次雷达在大气中的折射距离误差修正模型,根据工程中的检飞数据,提出了一种二次雷达大气折射距离误差修正方法.该方法根据二次雷达获得的C模式气压高度实时计算折射率,得到修正的雷达波速度,减小了大气折射误差,进一步减小了距离测量的误差,从而提高了测距精度.     

大气折射引起的雷达定位误差模型

大气折射引起的雷达定位误差是限制雷达精度进一步提高的关键因素之一.针对目前只给出雷达测量参数的折射误差,不能明显给出实际应用中所需要的目标位置偏移误差现状.通过采用我国大气折射率的统计模型和目前公认的高精度的电波折射误差修正方法一射线描迹法,对大气折射引起的雷达定位误差进行了目标位置偏离的计算和拟合,建立了大气折射引起雷达测量目标的位置偏移误差模型,从而为雷达实际使用和精度评估奠定基础.     

电波折射实时修正方法应用研究

无线电测量装备是海上靶场测控网的主体设备,由于目前条件的限制,未能对电波折射误差进行实时修正,从而影响测量精度。通过分析海上靶场的低空大气特征,选择合理的大气指数模型;根据国内外大量有关资料及经验数据,结合海上靶场试验实际测量结果,统计电波折射实时修正模型并在海上靶场无线电测量装备动态校飞中得到应用。     

空对地雷达精确定位的电波折射误差修正方法

要利用空中飞行器上武器来攻击地面目标,首先必须对地面目标进行精确定位,然后才能实施精确打击.大气介质的不均匀性使得雷达测量定位产生折射误差,从而影响雷达的定位精度.因此对高精度的雷达系统,必须进行电波折射误差修正.这里采用空中雷达处的大气折射率来预测空中雷达电波传播的大气剖面,再经过电波射线描迹方法推出了一种实用于空中雷达对地面目标精确定位的电波折射误差修正方法.仿真计算表明:俯视雷达与同一传播路径上地基雷达的计算结果很吻合.随着俯视角度的增大,电波折射引起的误差逐渐减小,反之,俯视角度愈小,电波折射误差愈大.当雷达在10 km高度时,5°以下俯角的电波折射误差达10 m以上.     

雷达方位角折射误差修正方法研究

要进一步提高雷达系统的测量定位精度,除了尽力提高硬件精度和优化数据处理方法外,大气环境对雷达测量精度的影响必须考虑。目前进行的雷达电波折射误差修正,几乎都是建立在假设大气在水平方向均匀的条件下,认为雷达测量的方位角无折射误差,其对于下垫面均匀的平坦地区是可行的,但下垫面复杂地区方位角的折射误差必须修正。文中通过利用差分方法求解任意大气层中的射线方程,得到了实用的单脉冲雷达方位角的折射误差修正方法。     

俯仰角大气折射误差修正方法

针对光学测量系统测量得到的空中目标俯仰角数据,包含了大气折射带来的误差问题,建立了俯仰角修正误差模型,并详细介绍了修正模型具体计算实施过程,提出了采用三弯矩方程计算任意高度大气折射系数和高斯积分计算俯仰角折射修正值．经俯仰角折射效果分析和实践证明该方法精确、有效,满足高精度数据处理的要求．     

基于射线描迹法微分形式的大气折射误差修正方法研究

大气折射误差是影响各类无线电系统同步、跟踪、导航、定位精度的一个主要误差源。射线描迹法利用几何光学原理可以实现对该误差的精确修正。针对传统射线描迹法无法处理异常大气折射误差修正的问题,该文推导了射线描迹法的微分形式,并基于此提出适用于任意大气的折射误差修正方法。选取某地面测控站对目标的跟踪数据,验证了所提方法的可行性。此外,利用该方法对比分析了蒸发波导环境和标准大气环境对大气折射误差的影响。结果表明:完全陷获在蒸发波导内部的电波引入的大气折射误差是最显著的。所提方法为提高无线电系统在任意大气环境下的测量精度提供一种新的技术支持。     

低仰角大气折射的高精度修正方法研究

针对光学测量中大气折射对测角误差影响较大的问题,建立了大气折射率与测角误差之间的数学模型,提出了2种修正大气折射误差的有效方法,并通过实测数据对2种方法进行比较分析,证明在低仰角(<5°)时用新方法修正后的俯仰角更接近真值,并且计算量小,精度高.     

光电经纬仪大气折射误差修正方案

光学测量大气折射带来的误差已成为限制高精度测量的主要因素。针对实时和事后数据处理两部分分别提出了两种修正方法,并建立了折射误差修正模型及残差模型,经试验验证和误差比对分析,证明两种修正方法计算便捷,模型准确,均能提高实时和事后数据处理的精度。     

低空目标探测中的大气折射误差快速算法

为了利用雷达对低空和超低空飞行器进行精确探测,必须对影响雷达测量精度的大气折射误差进行实时修正。针对目前大气折射误差计算存在处理时间较长、不能满足实时性要求的现状,提出了一种利用虚高进行折射误差修正的快速算法。根据等效地球半径中电波射线为直线的情形推出计算接近目标真实高度的虚高方法,利用虚高将折射误差公式中的积分项分为两部分,最影响折射误差修正处理时间的部分采用一次积分完成,另一小部分利用变步长的迭代方法完成。仿真实验表明,在保证与目前公认高精度的射线描迹法相同的精度条件下,利用虚高进行大气折射误差修正可实现快速计算,计算速度至少提高一倍,且计算速度随雷达仰角的增大而增快。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.