改善玻璃衬底上ZnO薄膜特性的方法

利用磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上淀积铝掺杂氧化锌(AZO)薄膜作为缓冲层,在其上制备了ZnO薄膜。重点研究了AZO薄膜作为缓冲层对玻璃衬底上ZnO薄膜特性的影响。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图像和X射线衍射(XRD)图谱分析结果表明,玻璃衬底上加入厚度为1μm的AZO缓冲层后,提高了衬底材料和ZnO薄膜之间的晶格匹配程度,有助于增大ZnO薄膜晶粒尺寸,提高其(002)取向择优生长特性、薄膜结晶特性及晶格结构完整性。室温下的透射光谱结果表明玻璃/AZO和玻璃衬底上ZnO薄膜的透光特性没有显著不同。光致发光(PL)谱研究结果表明AZO缓冲层可以有效阻止衬底表面硅原子从ZnO薄膜中"俘获"氧原子,减少ZnO薄膜中的缺陷,改善ZnO薄膜的结晶质量。     

PLD法制备基于缓冲层的ZnO薄膜及纳米棒研究进展

综述了脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法基于缓冲层制备ZnO薄膜及ZnO纳米棒的研究进展,分析了缓冲层对于生长高质量ZnO薄膜及纳米棒的作用,得到结论:引入缓冲层可以减少沉积物与衬底晶格失配以及热膨胀系数不匹配的问题。     

Te掺杂的GaSb材料载流子特性研究

非故意掺杂的GaSb材料呈现p型导电,限制了GaSb材料在InAs/GaSb超晶格红外探测器等领域的应用。探究N型GaSb薄膜电学特性对估算超晶格载流子浓度以及制备超晶格衬底、缓冲层、电极接触层等提供了一定的理论依据。Te掺杂能够以抑制GaSb本征缺陷的方式实现N型GaSb薄膜的制备,利用分子束外延(Molecular Beam Epitaxy,MBE)技术,设置GaTe源温分别为420℃、450℃、480℃,分别在GaSb衬底与GaAs衬底上生长不同GaTe源温度下掺杂的GaSb薄膜,通过霍尔测试探究GaSb薄膜的电学特性。在77 K的霍尔测试中,发现在GaAs衬底上生长的GaSb薄膜均显示为N型半导体,载流子浓度随源温升高而增加。与非故意掺杂的GaSb相比,源温为420℃、450℃时由于载流子浓度增加而导致的杂质散射,迁移率大幅提高,且随温度升高而增加,但在480℃时,由于缺陷密度减小,迁移率大大减小。在GaSb衬底上生长7000  Be掺杂的GaSb缓冲层,再生长5000  Te掺杂的GaSb薄膜。结果发现,由于P型缓冲层的存在,当源温为420℃时,薄膜显示为P型半导体,空穴载流子的存在导致薄膜整体载流子浓度增加,且空穴和电子的补偿作用使迁移率大幅降低。源温为450℃、480℃时,薄膜仍为N型半导体,载流子浓度随温度增加,且为GaAs衬底上生长的GaSb薄膜载流子浓度的2～3倍;迁移率在450℃时最高,480℃时减小。设置GaTe源温为450℃时GaSb薄膜的载流子浓度较高且迁移率较高,参与超晶格材料的制备能够使整个材料的效果最佳。     

Si衬底上ZnO外延膜结构性质的比较

采用连通式双反应室高温MOCVD系统在Si衬底上外延ZnO薄膜,通过卢瑟福背散射/沟道(RBS/C)及高分辨X射线衍射(HR-XRD)技术对不同衬底条件的ZnO外延膜进行了组分及结构分析,结果表明在采用SiC缓冲层后,Si(111)衬底上ZnO(0002)面衍射峰半高宽明显减小,缺陷密度降低,单晶质量显著变好,c轴方向应变由0.49%变为-0.16%,即由拉应变变为压应变且应变值变小,说明SiC缓冲层可以有效地减小ZnO与Si衬底晶格失配带来的应变,改善外延膜质量,实现Si衬底上单晶ZnO的生长.     

Si衬底上ZnO外延膜结构性质的比较

采用连通式双反应室高温MOCVD系统在Si衬底上外延ZnO薄膜,通过卢瑟福背散射/沟道(RBS/C)及高分辨X射线衍射(HR-XRD)技术对不同衬底条件的ZnO外延膜进行了组分及结构分析,结果表明在采用SiC缓冲层后,Si(111)衬底上ZnO(0002)面衍射峰半高宽明显减小,缺陷密度降低,单晶质量显著变好,c轴方向应变由0.49%变为-0.16%,即由拉应变变为压应变且应变值变小,说明SiC缓冲层可以有效地减小ZnO与Si衬底晶格失配带来的应变,改善外延膜质量,实现Si衬底上单晶ZnO的生长.     

生长温度对ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用常压金属有机化学气相沉积技术在Al2O3(0001)衬底上生长出高质量的ZnO薄膜.用X射线双晶衍射ω和θ-2θ扫描、室温光致发光研究了不同生长温度对ZnO薄膜的结构、发光性能的影响.结果表明,随着生长温度的升高,ZnO薄膜的c轴晶格常数逐渐增大,a轴晶格常数逐渐变小,同时带隙相应逐渐增大.     

生长温度对ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用常压金属有机化学气相沉积技术在Al2O3(0001)衬底上生长出高质量的ZnO薄膜.用X射线双晶衍射ω和θ-2θ扫描、室温光致发光研究了不同生长温度对ZnO薄膜的结构、发光性能的影响.结果表明,随着生长温度的升高,ZnO薄膜的c轴晶格常数逐渐增大,a轴晶格常数逐渐变小,同时带隙相应逐渐增大.     

适用SAW器件的ZnO/Ti/Si薄膜制备及缺陷分析

在Si(100)衬底和Ti/Si(100)衬底上分别制备了ZnO薄膜,探讨了Ti缓冲层对ZnO薄膜结构和缺陷的影响,利用X射线衍射(XRD)测试了ZnO薄膜的晶体结构及择优取向,利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察ZnO薄膜的表面粗糙度(RMS),利用光致发光(PL)光谱检测了ZnO薄膜的缺陷,利用四探针法测试了ZnO薄膜的电阻率。结果表明,在Ti/Si(100)衬底上、衬底温度350℃的条件下,制备的ZnO薄膜表面光滑、缺陷少、电阻率高且具有高C轴取向。本文这一工作对于压电薄膜缺陷分析及高性能ZnO的声表面波(SAW)器件研制有重要意义。     

利用P-MBE在Si（111）衬底上生长氧化锌薄膜及其光学性质的研究

在Si(111)衬底上利用等离子体辅助分子束外延(P-MBE)生长氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜，研究了在不同衬底生长温度下(350～750℃)制备的ZnO薄膜的结构和光学性质．随着衬底温度的升高，样品的X射线及光致发光的半高宽度都是先变小后变大，衬底温度为550℃样品的结构及光学性质都比较好，这表明550℃为在Si(111)衬底上生长ZnO薄膜的最佳衬底温度；同时，我们还通过550℃样品的变温光致发光谱(81～300K)研究了ZnO薄膜室温紫外发光峰的来源，证明其来源于自由激子发射．     

制备参数和后处理对ZnO薄膜光学性质的影响

采用脉冲激光沉积技术在不同生长气氛氧压(10-3pa1、0-2Pa、10-1Pa、1Pa、10Pa)和生长衬底温度(250~600℃)下制备了高度c轴取向的ZnO薄膜。光致发光(PL)光谱表明,氧压和衬底温度对ZnO的光学性质有重要影响。制备紫外(UV)发射强的ZnO薄膜,要综合考虑氧压和衬底温度两个参数,衬底温度升高,氧气氛压强要相应升高。进一步研究表明,在化学配比失衡的情况下,升高衬底温度和退火会在ZnO中产生缺陷和杂质束缚电子态,束缚电子态引起的晶格弛豫使局域电子态发生多声子无辐射跃迁,ZnO深能级发射由辐射复合变为无辐射复合。     

Improvement in crystal quality of ZnO film on Si substrate by using a homo-buffer layer

ZnO thin films without and with a homo-buffer layer have been prepared on Si(1 1 1) substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) under various conditions. Photoluminescence (PL) measurement indicates that the optical quality of ZnO thin film is dramatically improved by introducing oxygen into the growth chamber. The sample deposited at 60 Pa possesses the best optical properties among the oxygen pressure range studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the films directly deposited on Si are of polycrystalline ZnO structures. A low-temperature (500 °C) deposited ZnO buffer layer was used to enhance the crystal quality of the ZnO film. Compared to the film without the buffer layer, the film with the buffer layer exhibits aligned spotty reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) pattern and stronger near-band-edge emission (NBE) with a smaller full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 98 meV. The structural properties of ZnO buffer layers grown at different temperatures were investigated by RHEED patterns. It is suggested that the present characteristics of the ZnO epilayer may be raised further by elevating the growth temperature of buffer layer to 600 °C.     

PLD法制备ZnO薄膜的退火特性和蓝光机制研究

通过脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法,在O2中和100～500℃衬底温度下,用粉末靶在Si(111)衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜,在300℃温度下生长的薄膜在400～800℃温度和N2氛围中进行了退火处理,用X射线衍射(XRD)谱、原子力显微镜(AFM)和光致发光(PL)谱表征薄膜的结构和光学特性。XRD谱显示,在生长温度300℃时获得较好的复晶薄膜,在退火温度700℃时获得最好的六方结构的结晶薄膜;AFM显示,在此退火条件下,薄膜表面平整、晶粒均匀;PL谱结果显示,在700℃退火时有最好的光学特性。     

Studies on morphology,electrical and optical characteristics of Al-doped ZnO thin films grown by atomic layer deposition

Al doped ZnO (AZO) films deposited on glass substrates through the atomic layer deposition (ALD)technique are investigated with various temperatures from 100 to 250 ℃ and different Zn ∶ Al cycle ratios from 20 ∶ 0 to 20 ∶ 3.Surface morphology,structure,optical and electrical properties of obtained AZO films are studied in detail.The Al composition of the AZO films is varied by controlling the ratio of Zn ∶ Al.We achieve an excellent AZO thin film with a resistivity of 2.14 × 10-3 Ω·cm and high optical transmittance deposited at 150 ℃ with 20 ∶ 2 Zn ∶ Al cycle ratio.This kind of AZO thin films exhibit great potential for optoelectronics device application.     

脉冲激光沉积法制备氧化锌薄膜

ZnO是一种新型的Ⅱ-Ⅵ族半导体材料,具有优良的晶格、光学和电学性能,其显著的特点是在紫外波段存在受激发射。利用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在氧气氛中烧蚀锌靶制备了纳米晶氧化锌薄膜,衬底为石英玻璃,晶粒尺寸约为28-35 nm。X射线衍射(XRD)结果和光致发光(PL)光谱的测量表明,当衬底温度在100-250℃范围内时,所获得的ZnO薄膜具有c轴的择优取向,所有样品的强紫外发射中心均在378-385 nm范围内,深能级发射中心约518-558 nm,衬底温度为200℃时,得到了单一的紫外光发射(没有深能级发光)。这归因于其较高的结晶质量。     

同质缓冲层厚度对掺铝氧化锌薄膜性能的影响

室温下,采用射频磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备具有同质缓冲层的ZnO∶Al(AZO)薄膜。用X射线衍射仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、四探针探测仪等对薄膜的结构和光电性能进行了研究。结果表明:当薄膜总厚度为400 nm时,制备具有66 nm同质缓冲层的AZO薄膜的方块电阻为26Ω.□–1,与单层AZO(400 nm)薄膜的方块电阻(63Ω.□–1)相比,下降了59%,其在可见光范围内的平均透过率为91%。     

ZnO薄膜的结构与光学性能研究

采用sol-gel法在石英衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜,通过改变溶胶浓度、涂敷层数及退火温度,研究了ZnO薄膜的形貌、结构性能及光学性能。结果表明,薄膜具有六方纤锌矿结构,表面均匀致密,晶粒大小在25～35nm之间,Zn含量为0.8mol/L的溶胶经旋涂并在500℃下退火1h后可获得最高的可见光透射率,平均透射率约为94%。获得的ZnO薄膜的光学带隙在3.27～3.29eV之间。     

ZnO growth on Si with low-temperature CdO and ZnO buffer layers by molecular-beam epitaxy

Low-temperature (LT) buffer-layer techniques were employed to improve the crystalline quality of ZnO films grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). Photoluminescence (PL) spectra show that CdO, as a hetero-buffer layer with a rock-salt structure, does not improve the quality of ZnO film grown on top. However, by using ZnO as a homo-buffer layer, the crystalline quality can be greatly enhanced, as indicated by PL, atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman scattering. Moreover, the buffer layer grown at 450°C is found to be the best template to further improve the quality of top ZnO film. The mechanisms behind this result are the strong interactions between point defects and threading dislocations in the ZnO buffer layer.     

温度对飞秒激光沉积ZnO/Si薄膜的结构和性能的影响

通过飞秒脉冲激光(50 fs,800 nm,1 kHz,2 mJ)沉积技术在n型Si(100)单晶基片上制备了ZnO薄膜.详细研究了基片温度变化以及退火处理对ZnO薄膜的结构、表面形貌及光学性质的影响.X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,不同温度下(20~350℃)生长的ZnO薄膜具有纤锌矿结构,并且呈c轴择优取向;当基片温度为80℃时,薄膜沿(002)晶面高度择优生长;当基片温度为500℃时薄膜沿(103)晶面择优生长,场发射扫描电子显微镜(FEEM)结果表明薄膜呈纳米晶结构,并观察到了ZnO的六方结构.进一步通过透射光谱的测量讨论了基片温度及退火处理对ZnO薄膜光学透射率的影响,结果表明退火后薄膜的透射率增大.     

衬底温度对磁控溅射法制备的ZnO:In薄膜光电性能的影响

以粉末靶为溅射源,采用射频磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备掺铟氧化锌(ZnO:In)透明导电膜.利用X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜、霍尔测试仪,以及分光光度计等对不同衬底温度下生长的ZnO:In薄膜的结构、光电性能进行表征.结果表明,所有制备的ZnO:In薄膜均为六角纤锌矿结构的多晶膜,具有(002)择优取向.ZnO:In薄膜的电阻率随着衬底温度的升高先减小后增大,当衬底温度为100℃时,薄膜的最低电阻率为3.18×10~(-3)Ω·cm.制备的薄膜可见光范围内透过率均在85%以上.

Abstract：

Indium doped zinc oxide (ZnO : In) films were deposited on glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering method using a powder target.The influence of the substrate temperature on the structure,optical and electrical properties was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD),atom force microscope (AFM),Hall measurement and optical transmission spectroscopy.The results show all the obtained films are polycrystalline with a hexagonal wurtzite structure and grow preferentially in the (002) direction,and the grain size is about 22～29 nm.The conductivity of the ZnO : In films change with the substrate temperature,and the lowest electrical resistivity is about 3.18 × 10~3 Ω·cm for the samples deposited at substrate temperature 100 ℃.The transmittance of our films in the visible range is all higher than 85%.     

Influence of substrate temperature on the performance of zinc oxide thin film transistor

Top-contact thin film transistors（TFTs） using radio frequency（RP） magnetron sputtering zinc oxide （ZnO） and silicon dioxide（SiO₂） films as the active channel layer and gate insulator layer,respectively,were fabricated.The performances of ZnO TFTs with different ZnO film deposition temperatures（room temperature, 100℃and 200℃） were investigated.Compared with the transistor with room-temperature deposited ZnO films, the mobility of the device fabricated at 200℃is improved by 94%and the threshold voltage shift is reduced from 18 to 3 V（after 1 h positive gate voltage stress）.Experimental results indicate that substrate temperature plays an important role in enhancing the field effect mobility,sharping the subthreshold swing and improving the bias stability of the devices.Atomic force microscopy was used to investigate the ZnO film properties.The reasons for the device performance improvement are discussed.