基于边缘信息和混合高斯融合的运动目标检测

针对帧间差分法在目标运动较慢时无法完整的检测轮廓,混合高斯模型易受光照影响导致目标快速运动时无法辨别轮廓等问题,提出了一种更加优化的运动目标检测算法.该算法将三帧差分法与混合高斯模型相融合,利用视频中连续的三帧图像两两作差分后作或运算、二值化、形态学处理,对中间帧的进行canny边缘检测,将两次结果再进行或运算、形态学处理后得到更加完整的轮廓.用中间帧进行高斯混合模型提取前景,二值化后和边缘信息进行与运算,经过形态学处理和孔洞填充后获得运动目标.经过实验表明,该方法能够获得更加理想的运动目标.     

基于边缘特征的自动运动对象分割

为了准确分割出视频场景中的运动对象,该文提出了一种基于边缘特征的运动对象分割及跟踪算法。首先对相邻帧进行自适应变化检测,得到相邻帧二值差分图像。结合当前帧Canny算子检测的边缘图像,获得运动对象的初始边缘模板。其次对运动对象的运动分为快变和慢变两部分进行跟踪并更新运动对象的边缘模板。最后对运动对象的边缘模板进行数学形态学处理得到运动对象的外轮廓,使用梯度向量流场作为外力的改进活动轮廓算法收缩获得运动对象准确的闭合轮廓曲线。该算法对运动对象的整体运动和局部形变都有很强的鲁棒性, 能够得到运动对象准确的轮廓,并且对复杂背景有很好的适应性。     

视频图像中的运动目标检测

运动目标检测,是指从视频图像中将运动变化区域提取出来的检测技术,是图像处理技术的基础。在军事公安、交通管理、视频监控、医学检查等领域应用广泛。为了改进单独采用帧差法或背景减法进行运动目标检测时存在的不足,本文提出一种利用边缘信息的三帧差法与基于混合高斯模型的背景减法相结合的运动目标检测算法。该方法对视频图像中连续的三帧图像两两差分,对3个差分图像取均值,二值化,再经过形态学处理,并对中间帧进行Canny边缘提取,将二者进行"与"运算,即得到运动目标的边缘,用背景减法提取中间帧的前景,二值化,将其和目标的边缘进行"或"运算,经过形态学处理便可得到运动目标。实验结果表明,使用该方法目标检出率提高了9.7%~72.1%,误检率降低了0.090%~2.900%。这种二者相结合的方法相对于单一的检测算法能够有效、可靠地提取出运动目标。     

一种视频序列中运动前景分割算法

针对视频序列，仅利用其时域信息，提出了一种简单有效的运动前景分割算法。首先对图像序列做帧间差分与隔帧差分。然后将两类差分结果进行累积，对累积结果采取交集聚类求出运动前景轮廓。二值化处理后。扫描填充即可得到图像序列中的运动前景。实验证明；该算法兼顾分割效果和实时性。是一种较好的运动前景分割算法。     

一种新的三帧差运动气泡检测方法

针对传统三帧差法在运动目标检测过程中存在部分 重叠和轮廓不完整现象,提出了一种结合 Kirsch边缘检测和背景差分的改进三帧差法。算法首先对连续3帧图像进行差分得到运动区 域,然后对 当前帧进行Kirsch边缘检测,通过已得到的运动区域与边缘检测结果进行逻辑“或”运算, 获得完整的运动 目标,利用背景帧差分割运动目标并去除噪声。实验表明,提出的方法能够提取更加完整的 目标区域,有 效避免漏检、误检等情况。与现有一些同类算法相比,本文算法具有更优越的运动目标检测 性能。     

视频多运动目标提取的新方法

提出一种利用视频序列的时域和空域信息进行多运动目标检测的新方法.首先对相邻的图像帧进行差分,并利用3σ准则二值化差分图像,得到运动目标的时域信息,然后标记该二值图像的连通区域来消除噪声,结合边缘检测所得到的空域信息得到运动目标模型,最后连接模型的最外围轮廓点即得到目标的完整信息.该算法充分运用了运动目标的时域、空域两方面信息,能够准确的提取出运动目标.     

改进的三帧差分运动目标识别算法

针对传统的三帧差分法运动目标检测算法容易出现"空洞"现象,进而导致检测物体不完整的问题,提出一种改进的三帧差分法算法检测运动目标.改进算法先对连续的三帧图像进行预处理得到灰度图像,进而对其两两差分,获得两幅差分图像;利用阈值分割得到二值图像,经形态学的膨胀处理得到新的二值图像,通过逻辑与运算后,最后通过形态学操作的腐蚀...     

帧间差分融合灰度投影的运动目标检测方法

针对光线变化、动态背景以及摄像头轻微晃动等因素导致监控视频中运动目标的检测识别率低的问题,提出帧间差分融合灰度投影的运动目标检测方法。在帧间差分算法的基础上,通过改进三帧差加法运算,改善了光线变化的影响。同时,将连续三帧差加法运算的图像进行水平与垂直方向的灰度投影得到两个方向上的灰度投影曲线,对相邻的灰度投影曲线进行互相关运算,互相关曲线的峰值坐标即为运动目标在相邻图像之间的运动位移,以此实现了运动目标的检测。实验结果表明,在单个目标和多个目标的检测识别中,该方法能够获得准确的运动目标,其识别率、误检率均优于传统帧差法。     

静态背景下运动目标的边缘提取

针对运动目标在单帧图像中所占的比例较小,传统的边缘提取方法在对整幅图像计算时产生大量冗余,对噪声敏感,提取出的运动目标轮廓不明显的缺点,提出了一种基于帧差法和图像分块相结合的运动目标边缘检测方法.该方法首先对序列图像进行差分,根据分块大小自适应选取阈值对图像进行分块,完成对运动目标的细分割,分离出运动区域和非运动区域,然后对分割出来的运动区域进行边缘检测,将边缘检测结果和差分结果进行“与”运算,从而提取出运动目标轮廓.实验证明,分块边缘检测方法能较为准确地提取出运动目标且能提取出清晰的运动目标边缘轮廓,能满足实时性需要.     

静态背景下运动目标边缘提取

针对运动目标在单帧图像中所占的比例较小,传统的边缘提取方法对整幅图像计算时产生大量冗余,对噪声敏感,提取出的运动目标轮廓不明显,提出一种基于帧差法和图像分块相结合的运动目标边缘检测方法。该方法首先对序列图像进行差分,按照特定的阈值对图像进行分块,完成对运动目标的细分割,分离出运动区域和非运动区域,然后对分割出来的运动区域进行边缘检测,将边缘检测结果和差分结果进行"与"运算,从而提取出运动目标轮廓。实验结果证明,分块边缘检测方法能较为准确地提取出运动目标且能提取出清晰的运动目标边缘轮廓,能满足实时性。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.