单晶炉保温与热屏优化的数值模拟与改造

改进CG6000型单晶炉的热场,增加下保温碳毡和上保温罩,改一段式导流筒为三段式导流筒。通过CGsim模拟软件的晶体生长模拟,对比了改进前与改进后的热场,模拟分析指出改进后热场加热功率降低,熔体温场改善,晶体﹑熔体轴向的温度梯度均升高,拉晶速率提升。通过单晶生长实验,验证了热场功率的降低和等径拉速的提高,改善在等径生长的后期更为明显。     

Φ200 mm太阳能用直拉硅单晶生长速率研究

介绍了Φ200 mm的太阳能用直拉硅(CZ Si)单晶生长中,采用热屏、复合式导流系统及双加热器改造直拉炉的热系统,进行不同热系统下的拉晶试验,平均拉速从0.6 mm/min提高到0.9 mm/min.用有限元法模拟了氩气的流场及单晶炉的热场,模拟结果表明:改造后的氩气流场被优化,界面附近的晶体纵向温度梯度增加,熔体纵向温度梯度减小.     

复合式热屏对φ200mm CZSi单晶生长速率和氧含量的影响

对φ200mm太阳能CZSi单晶生长的传统热场进行了改进,施加了复合式热屏.对改进前后热场温度梯度、单晶氧含量进行了实验分析,并对该系统的氩气流场进行了数值模拟.研究了复合式热屏影响拉速和单晶氧含量的机理.实验表明本文采用的复合式热屏和氩气流场可以提高拉速,降低硅单晶氧含量.     

复合式热屏对Φ200mm CZSi单晶生长速率和氧含量的影响

对Φ200mm太阳能CZSi单晶生长的传统热场进行了改进，施加了复合式热屏. 对改进前后热场温度梯度、单晶氧含量进行了实验分析，并对该系统的氩气流场进行了数值模拟. 研究了复合式热屏影响拉速和单晶氧含量的机理. 实验表明本文采用的复合式热屏和氩气流场可以提高拉速，降低硅单晶氧含量.     

Si1-xGex单晶用热系统改进

阐述了对原GaAs单晶拉制用LEC单晶炉热系统进行改造使其适于Si1-xGex单晶生长的过程。借助数值模拟的方法分析了晶体生长区域内的温度分布情况，并通过分析发现了原有热系统的不足。重新对原热系统进行了改造，添加了起到保温和氩气导流作用的热屏和上保温装置，使原来的敞开式热场变为密闭式热场，满足了SihGe；单晶拉制的要求。通过具体实验和数值模拟结合，分析了氩气流场及不同流场对晶体生长的影响，发现并改进了单晶炉的氩气供给装置存在的问题。     

利用加热器辐射热控制磷源温度合成InP的热场分析

对利用加热器的辐射热在高压单晶炉内合成InP的热场设计作了分析,并给出了实验结果。     

大直径重掺硅单晶工艺研究

重掺单晶一些独有的特性,能有效解决目前集成电路面临的一些难题。对大直径重掺硅单晶生长过程中的一些工艺进行了研究,主要包括掺杂方式和拉速设定两个方面,通过实验分析,选取了适宜的掺杂方式与拉速,最终生长出外形良好,符合电阻率目标要求的单晶。     

大直径InP单晶生长研究

生长高质量、大直径的单晶是当前InP晶体生长的发展方向,减少孪晶的产生一直是InP单晶生长技术的研究重点.通过对高压液封直拉法InP单晶生长过程中的几个重要因素包括加热器和保温系统、掺杂剂、坩埚和生长参数等的分析,设计了合适的热场系统和生长条件,有效地降低了孪晶产生的几率.在自己设计并制造的高压单晶炉内首先将In和P进行合成,然后采用后加热器加热、坩埚随动等技术重复生长了直径为100～142 mm的大直径InP单晶.讨论了关于避免孪晶产生的关键技术,所提到的条件都得到优化后,单晶率就会大幅上升.     

直拉式单晶炉整体结构静力分析

TDR-120型直拉式单晶炉的底部多块垫铁的受力为超静定问题,从材料力学的角度,无法准确获得每块垫铁上的受力。采用ANSYS软件进行静力分析,建立机架部分有限元模型,以该单晶炉在不同工作情况下的受力为研究对象,对比分析了两种不同的方案下3种典型工况机架的变形情况和应力分布,利用软件后处理从微观应力云图提取来确定宏观力,进而获得炉体底座下各垫铁承受的力。通过计算出的各垫铁的支承力对比分析了两种方案下机架结构的稳定性要求,验证单晶炉机架结构静态性能,为单晶炉结构方案的改进提供依据。     

太阳能级单晶炉热场的适应性改造研究

在JRDL-900型太阳能级单晶炉上安装自行设计的350 mm(14英寸)密闭式热场,替换原有的500 mm(20英寸)热场,使该单晶炉具备了半导体级75~150 mm(3~6英寸)常用硅单晶的生长条件。根据单晶炉实际情况,重新设定了单晶生长控制程序,实现半导体级硅单晶等径生长自动控制。在拉晶实验过程中,发现并解决了影响单晶生长的设备和技术问题,成功实现了半导体级100 mm(4英寸)硅单晶的生长,对单晶成品的相应参数测试表明,使用该类太阳能级单晶炉,通过炉体和热场的改进,能够实现半导体级产品的生产,可有效利用闲置设备和资源,并为今后该类型的大规模改造和生产奠定了技术基础。     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Nanoimprint Lithography -A Next Generation High Volume Lithography Technique

IntroductionNanoimprint Lithography is a well-acknowl-edged low cost, high resolution, large area pattern-ing process. It includes the most promising methods,high-pressure hot embossing lithography (HEL) [2],UV-cured imprinting (UV-NIL) [3] and micro contactprinting (m-CP, MCP) [4]. Curing of the imprintedstructures is either done by subsequent UV-lightexposure in the case of UV-NIL or by cooling downbelow the glass transition temperature of the ther-moplastic material in case of HEL…     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

Influence of PVK ： NPB hole transporting layer on the characteristics of organic light-emitting devices

A doping system consisting of NPB and PVK is employed as a composite hole transporting layer （CHTL）. By adjusting the component ratio of the doping system, a series of devices with different concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB are constracted. The result shows that doping concentration of NPB enhances the competence of hole transporting ability, and modifies the recombination region of charge as well as affects the surface morphology of doped film. Optimum device with a maximum brightness of 7852 cd/m^2 and a power efficiency of 1.75 lm/W has been obtained by choosing a concentration proportion of PVK ： NPB at 1：3.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.     

Analysis of error performance on Turbo coded FDPIM

Due to variable symbol length of digital pulse interval modulation（DPIM）, it is difficult to analyze the error performances of Turbo coded DPIM. To solve this problem, a fixed-length digital pulse interval modulation（FDPIM） method is provided. The FDPIM modulation structure is introduced. The packet error rates of uncoded FDPIM are analyzed and compared with that of DPIM. Bit error rates of Turbo coded FDPIM are simulated based on three kinds of analytical models under weak turbulence channel. The results show that packet error rate of uncoded FDPIM is inferior to that of uncoded DPIM. However, FDPIM is easy to be implemented and easy to be combined, with Turbo code for soft-decision because of its fixed length. Besides, the introduction of Turbo code in this modulation can decrease the average power about 10 dBm, which means that it can improve the error performance of the system effectively.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.