液相扩散对钕铁硼磁体性能和组织结构的影响

用双合金工艺在Nd13.05Dy0.23Fe80.12B6.5铸片主合金中分别添加质量分数为3％～20％的富稀土铸锭辅合金Nd38.2Cc11.8Fe44.88Al4.12B,研究在钕铁硼永磁体中用Ce部分地取代Nd时对永磁体的磁性能的变化规律.实验结果表明,在一定的烧结及热处理工艺条件下,辅合金加入量介于8％ ～ 12％(质量分数)时,磁体的内禀矫顽力和磁能积相对较高,对剩磁的影响不大.显微成分分析表明,采用双合金法,使组织中细小的颗粒状富稀土相增多,形成了更多的对矫顽力有贡献的富稀土相,并且富稀土相分布于晶界上.     

低温度系数稀土永磁体的研究

研究了具有较低温度系数的稀土永磁体,包括低矫顽力温度系数的Nd2Fe14B/Fe3B-ferrite复合粘结磁体和低剩磁温度系数的Sm0.8RE0.2(CobalFe0.22Cu0.06Zr0.03)7.4(RE为Gd,Er)烧结磁体.实验表明,添加矫顽力温度系数βjHc为正数的铁氧体磁粉可将粘结磁体的矫顽力温度系数值减小.还讨论了固溶处理对2∶17型Sm-Co烧结磁体磁性能的影响以及添加重稀土元素部分替代钐,对提高温度稳定性的作用.     

烧结温度对Nd24.38Ce0.52Gd6.65Febal.TM1.76B0.95磁体组织与性能的影响

采用双合金法制备Nd24.38Ce0.52Gd6.65Febal.TM1.76B0.95（质量分数,%）永磁体,通过扫描电镜及能谱、AMT-4磁测试仪、电子万能力学试验机等手段研究烧结温度对磁体组织和性能的影响.结果表明：随烧结温度从1060℃升高到1100℃,在烧结温度为1080℃时,晶粒均匀且结合致密,富稀土相分布均匀,能获得较好的组织形态;富稀土相中稀土总含量从84.98%增加到98.04%,烧结过程中铈从主相显著扩散到富稀土相;磁体剩磁Br、矫顽力Hcj、磁能积（BH）max 先升后降,在1080℃烧结时获得较好的磁性能,分别为1.22 T、964 kA/m 和293 kJ/m3,同时磁体抗弯强度也达到最大值为257 MPa.     

Nd,Dy含量对高磁能积烧结NdFeB磁性能和耐蚀性影响

稀土Nd、Dy成分含量变化对高能积磁体磁性能和耐腐蚀性有重要影响.结果表明:当Nd含量小于12.77%(体积分数,下同)时,磁体中富Nd相过少,不能很好地去磁交换耦合作用,并导致合金烧结时收缩量少,密度过低.当Nd含量超过12.77%时,形成较多的富Nd相,能很好地隔离主相晶粒起去磁交换耦合作用,促进矫顽力提高,同时磁能积也有比较大的提高,但形成的过量晶间相增加了易腐蚀阳极含量,加剧了晶间腐蚀.添加Dy提高了主相的磁晶各向异性场,细化了主相晶粒,使磁体矫顽力增大,并且添加Dy能提高阳极过电位,有利于磁体性磁能和耐蚀性能的提高.     

元素Ga对烧结Nd-Fe-B永磁体显微结构与磁性能的影响

本文研究了添加元素Ga[0 %～ 2 % (质量分数 ) ]对烧结Nd15Fe78B7永磁体显微结构与磁性能的影响。结果表明 :添加少量的Ga就可有效的提高内禀矫顽力Hci 而不引起剩磁Br 和最大磁能积 (BH) max 的降低 ;Ga的添加量为 1 0 % (质量分数 )时 ,得到与Nd Fe B系永磁体理想显微结构相近的显微组织结构 ;添加元素Ga在磁体中以Nd2 Fe14 xGaxB和GaNd第二相的形式存在 ;当Ga元素添加量较大时 [>1 5 % (质量分数 ) ]时 ,添加的Ga使主相Nd2 Fe14 B不稳定     

烧结温度对MM-Fe-B永磁体磁性能与微观结构的影响

利用白云鄂博共伴生混合稀土(MM)制备了MM-Fe-B永磁体,研究了烧结温度对磁性能与微观结构的影响。随着烧结温度的升高,磁体的密度逐渐升高,剩磁、矫顽力、最大磁能积先增大后减小。对比结果:当烧结温度为980℃时,磁性能最优,剩磁0. 862 T(8. 62 k Gs),内禀矫顽力171. 6 k A/m(2. 16 k Oe),最大磁能积84. 6 k J/m3(10. 63 MGOe)。与Nd Fe B最优烧结温度(1060℃)相比MM-Fe-B烧结温度有所降低,有利于节能减排。对磁体微结构分析发现磁体中存在Ce Fe2相,La元素富集于富稀土相中,磁体中存在大量的穿晶畴。探索利用共伴生混合稀土制备永磁体对稀土资源合理高效使用和环境保护具有重大意义。     

烧结过程对Nd-Fe-B永磁材料磁性能与力学性能的影响

分析了烧结过程对Nd-Fe-B永磁材料磁性能和力学性能的影响.当烧结温度为1 373 K时,随烧结保持时间延长,材料剩磁Br先增加后趋于稳定,矫顽力Hci直线下降.成分为Nd25.5Pr7.5FebalNb0.45Cu0.2Al0.55B1.10的磁体样品的抗弯强度在烧结时间为5 h时达到一个最大值后便持续下降,而成分为Nd25.5Pr7.57.5FebalNb0.15Cu0.25Al0.75B1.10的磁体样品抗弯强度是持续下降的.试验结果表明:通过优化合金成分和烧结工艺参数,可以改善烧结Nd-Fe-B永磁材料的磁性能和力学性能,获得综合性能较高的磁体.     

添加Gd、Ho对烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体微结构与性能的影响

在Nd-Fe-B合金中添加Gd、Ho元素,可促进Nd2Fe14B柱状晶的生长,使富Nd相分布均匀,细化磁体的晶粒。添加Ho对磁体内禀矫顽力提高较好,添加Gd对磁体J-H退磁曲线的方形度提高较好,但磁体的剩磁与磁能积会降低。Gd、Ho的添加可以降低磁体的开路磁通不可逆损失,使得磁体具有较好的热稳定性。     

无重稀土烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体的显微结构和磁性能研究

对Ga、Al、Cu和Zr共同掺杂的烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体磁性能和显微结构进行研究，并通过回火工艺对磁体的矫顽力进行调控。结果表明：当一级回火为900℃×150 min,且二级回火为500℃×180 min时，磁体矫顽力H_cj从烧结态的14.33 kOe大幅提高到二级回火态的19.86 kOe,提高了38.6%;方形度H_k/H_cj由0.86增加到0.97;剩磁B_r仅从烧结态13.51 kGs略微下降到二级回火态的13.46 kGs;富稀土相分布更加连续和明显。研究分析表明，矫顽力大幅增加主要是由于含有少量的富Nd相和贫B相的烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体中Ga的掺杂改变了晶界相湿润性，降低了富稀土相中Fe元素的含量。本研究为无重稀土高矫顽力和高剩磁烧结Nd-Fe-B磁体步入产业化夯实了理论基础。     

B 含量对高能积磁体磁性能和耐蚀性的影响

通过调整钕铁硼主元B元素含量研究其对高能积磁体磁性能和耐蚀性的影响,结果表明:磁体中B含量小于5.7%时,合金中出现了易基面的Nd2Fe17相,使Br、iHc都比较低;当添加B超过5.9%时,过量的B形成非磁性的富B相,导致磁体Br下降;当B含量在5.7%～5.9%之间时,磁体有较好的磁性能.显微组织研究表明,B元素影响晶粒的尺寸和形状;磁体耐蚀性能研究表明,当B含量过少或过多时均不利于耐蚀性的提高,B含量在5.76%时为最佳添加量.     

Influence of Zr Additions on Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Nanocomposite Nd10.5Fe78-xCo5ZrxB6.5 (x=0～5) Alloys

The influence of Zr addition on the microstructure and magnetic properties of nanocomposite Nd10.5Fe78-xCo5ZrxB6.5 (x=0～5) alloys was investigated. It was found that the intrinsic coercivity could be significantly improved by the addition of 2% (atom fraction) Zr. The presence of small amount of amorphous phase is responsible for the low intrinsic coercivity for Zr-free alloy. The small amount addition of Zr may suppress the growth of grains of α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B phases. The more homogeneous microstructure with an average grain size of 20 nm can be obtained for Nd10.5Fe76Co5Zr2B6.5 alloy.     

双相纳米晶Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe磁体的热稳定性研究

采用快淬法制备出成分为Nd8.5Fe75Co5Cu1 Zr3Nb1 B6 .5和Nd8.5Fe74 Co5Cu1 Nb1 Zr3Cr1 B6 .5的双相纳米晶永磁材料 ,加入粘结剂后制成粘结磁体 ,研究了其磁性的热稳定性和抗氧化性能。结果发现 ,两种双相纳米晶磁体都具有较好的抗氧化性能 ,且在一定温度处理后磁通损耗较少 ,其中加入合金元素Cr后效果尤为明显。     

A Study of Two-Phase Nanocrystalline Nd_(8.5)Fe_(75)Co_5Cu_1Zr_3Nb_1B_(6.5)Permanent Magnet

Materialswithenhancedremanentmagneticpo larizationwereinitiallypreparedbyCoehoorn[1] frommelt spunNd3.8Fe77B19.2 ribbonsbyheattreatment .Thesimilarbehaviorwasalsoobservedfrommelt spuntwo phasesamplesofNd2 Fe14 Bandα Fe[2 ] .Themag neticpropertiesofisotropicnanocrystallinetwo phasepermanentsdependsensitivelyonmicrostructuralfea tures,suchasdistributionofmagneticallyhardandsoftphases ,meangrainsize ,particleshapeandgrainboundarytype[3] .Inordertoobtainhighmaximumenergyproduct ,itisnecessaryt…     

Investigation of Abnormal Grain Growth in Sintered Nd-Fe-B Permanent Magnet

The abnormal growth of grains of sintering Nd13.6 Dy0.4 Fe79.5 B6.5 magnets were investigated in low oxygen manufacturing process.The abnormal growth of grains occurs easily when the sintering temperature is higher than 1080℃ during the manufacture process.In the magnets, the oxygen content is less than 700 × 10-6 and the average particle size of powder is smaller than 4 μm.The squareness of demagnetization curve of magnet is deteriorated.For high performance magnets, the abnormal growth grain should be avoided by selecting a suitable sintering temperature.     

Effects of Alloying Elements on Microstructure and Magnetic Anisotropy of the HDDR Powder ofNd-Fe-B Alloy

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Effect of External Electric Field on Phase Selection and Stability of Amorphous （Nd0. 1 Fe0.9 ）3 B Alloy

Anexternalelectricfieldiswidelyusedtocontrolthemicrostructureandpropertiesofvariousmaterials ,suchasliquid crystallinepolymers[1,2 ] ,oxideglass es[3～ 5] ,ferroelectricmaterials[6 ,7] .Thesufficientlystrongelectricfieldcaninduceacholesteric to nemat icphasetransformationinliquidcrystallinepolymers .Thephaseseparationkineticsduetotheappliedelec tricfieldwasfirstreportedforoxideglassesbydeVekeyandMajumdar[8] .Subsequently ,Liuetal.systematicallystudiedtheeffectofanelectricfieldonthephasesepara…     

制造工艺对Nd15.5Fe78B6.5永磁体磁性能的影响

研究了Nd15．5Fe78B6．5合金粉末经不同的干燥途径、粉末干燥后放置不同时间、磁体经烧结后回火等工艺对永磁合金磁性能的影响。结果表明：合金粉末经吸滤器干燥对磁体磁性能影响不大，是降低生产成本的一条很好的途径；粉末干燥后在空气或氩气中放置一段时间再进行压制、烧结，对磁性能影响不大，并且随着放置时间延长，磁性能有上升的趋势；烧结磁体回火后，对其磁性能影响比较显著。     

Coercivity enhancement of Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposite magnets through neodymium diffusion under annealing

The coercivity enhancement of ball-milled Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposite magnets was investigated. It was found that the coercivity could be enhanced through mixing a small amount of Nd powder with as-milled Fe-rich Nd-Fe-B powders. The annealed samples were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurement systems. Under annealing, some of Nd powders promoted the formation of hard magnetic phase Nd2Fe14B. On the other hand, a few of Nd would diffuse into the interface of Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe nanocomposite to compensate for the loss of the interfacial magnetic anisotropy. These two features are all beneficial to the coercivity.     

Effect of Interstitial Atom Nitrogen on Properties of RE2Fe17 Compounds

The electronic structure and atomic magnetic moments of clusters NdFe6, NdFe6N3 and Fe8 with a dumbbell atom-pair in rare earth-transition element compounds NdEFe17Nx(x=0, 3) were studied by spin-polarized MS-Xα method. The results are as follows: There are three negative exchange couplings between Fe(c) and Fe(f) atoms in Nd2Fe17, which occur at their odd parity orbitals. Compared to the results of α-Fe calculated by the MS-Xα method, the low Curie temperature of compounds RE2Fe17 can be explained satisfactorily. (2) There is only one weaker negative exchange coupling orbital leaving in between Fe(c) and Fe(f) sites in Nd2Fe17N3. These results may be helpful for understanding the effect of interstitial atom M(M=N, H or C) in Fe2Fe17Mx on Curie temperature. The other key factors affecting the Fe-Fe exchange coupling in Fe2Fe17 compounds were also discussed.