龙钢转炉用硅锰和碳化硅脱氧合金化试验

对氧气顶吹炉钢水采用硅锰合金和碳化硅替代硅铁和锰铁进行脱氧合金化,可以提高合金收得率,降低炼钢成本。     

钢包脱氧渣做熔剂冶炼硅锰合金的探索

硅锰合金作为炼钢的常用脱氧剂,在对钢包内的钢水进行脱氧时,生成的脱氧产物SiO2、MnO必然进入高碱度的炉渣中。石横特钢用这种钢渣代替白云石作熔剂生产硅锰合金,年可降低生产成本36．4万元,回收锰184．366t,达到了资源重复利用、降低成本的目的。同时指出,尽可能地提高脱氧钢渣中的锰含量是进一步的研究方向,“富锰钢渣”有良好的应用前景。     

锰硅合金炉渣中锰回收率的影响因素

根据电炉冶炼锰硅合金的实际生产经验,分析了锰硅合金生产过程中影响锰硅合金炉渣含锰量的主要因素。同时指出,只要把这些主要因素控制在合适的范围内,就可降低渣中的含锰量,提高锰的回收率。     

在重轨钢炉后半脱氧中减少炉前硅锰加入量

在重轨钢炉后半脱氧中减少炉前硅锰加入量李乃波（鞍钢第一炼钢厂）１重轨钢炉后半脱氧的原工艺及存在问题重轨是鞍钢名牌产品，每年产量占总产量的２０％，但硅锰合金消耗却占所有钢种硅锰耗量的５０％，是硅锰消耗大户，为降低合金消耗，１９８９年７月份开始在重轨钢上...     

铝锰铁合金在低碳铝镇静钢中的应用

介绍了韶钢用铝锰铁合金脱氧合金化生产低碳铝镇静钢的工艺,采用铝锰铁脱氧合金后,低碳铝镇静钢的炼成率从原工艺的93%提高到99%以上,并且轧材的质量有了大幅度的提高.     

硅锰铁合金在EBT电炉上的应用

石横特殊钢厂在ＥＢＴ电炉上采用硅锰铁合金复合脱氧合金化工艺,较好地解决了钢水结瘤和钢水脱氧不良的问题,确保了连铸生产顺行,提高了铸坯质量,降低了生产成本。     

硅锰—碳化硅脱氧合金化工艺在转炉炼钢中的应用

本文介绍了采用硅锰—碳化硅脱氧合金化工艺的意义和其工艺的可行性,介绍了转炉冶炼20MnSi采用硅锰—碳化硅脱氧合金化的工艺设计过程,分析了该工艺合金消耗、合金吸收率、碳的控,钢种命中率及对钢质量的影响,通过计算合金化工艺的成本,分析了采用该工艺的经济效益,并提出了该工艺在生产实际过程中尚待解决的问题。     

转炉使用复合碳化硅和硅锰脱氧合金化试验

针对氧气顶吹转炉钢水使用碳化硅和硅锰合金替代锰铁和硅铁在脱氧合金化过程中存在的问题，采用两种方法进行试验，研究采用不同的碳化硅成份和合金加入方法对钢水质量、工艺安全性、合金收得率等的影响。结果表明，使用复合碳化硅和硅锰合金化能改善钢材内部质量，提高合金回收率，降低炼钢合金成本，且采用在出钢过程中混合加入的方法能解决安全隐患。     

钢中铝-硅-锰复合脱氧反应的热力学计算

复合脱氧后钢液的最终氧含量优于单独脱氧的效果,同时复合脱氧可产生低熔点、易聚合长大的复合夹杂物,实现最佳的脱氧效果。用热力学方法计算了铝-硅-锰复合脱氧的效果,结果表明,在不同硅锰比下,复合脱氧均比单独用铝脱氧的最终氧含量要低;根据脱氧产物为锰铝榴石的原则得出了合金脱氧剂的组成成分。热态试验验证了理论计算结果。     

综合利用进口锰矿,生产锰系列产品

青花钢铁厂利用高品位进口锰矿和城口高磷锰矿,按一定比例搭配,采用无熔剂法生产碳素锰铁和富锰渣,然后由富锰渣再生产硅锰合金。此工艺能获低硅、低磷的锰铁和生产硅锰合金所需的低磷、低铁的富锰渣;无熔剂法可降低综合冶炼电耗,提高锰回收率,降低生产成本,为生产硅锰合金取得好的指标提供了优质原料。     

中小型镍制设备与管道的焊接缺陷及对策研究

结合近年来现场试验与施工实践，分析研究了中小型镍材（工业纯镍）设备与管道的特点、性能、焊接缺陷与产生原因，以及防止与消除其缺陷、优化制造施焊质量的工艺措施，并总结了若干条注意事项。     

Aircraft Sensor and Actuator Fault Detection, Isolation, and Accommodation

The purpose of the paper is to present an approach to detect, isolate, and accommodate the aircraft sensor and actuator faults using unknown input observers (UIOs). Full-order observers, reduced-order observers, and UIOs are widely used in state estimations. After the estimation of states, fault detection can be provided by conducting residual analysis. Despite of the existence of unknown inputs, fault detection and isolation are implemented for a very large, four-engined, cargo jet aircraft model. Sensor accommodation is realized via switching under redundant sensor existence assumption. Actuator accommodation is provided by gain scheduling. Hence, if a fault occurs in an actuator corresponding to the control surfaces, the remainder (n?1) actuators are used to avoid hazardous flight. Sensor and actuator faults are detected by using residuals. Sensor faults are effective on the outputs, while actuator faults are effective on the state equations. Fault isolation is implemented by taking into account that each residual is sensitive to all of the other faults but one fault. Fault detection, isolation, and a recommended accommodation are shown through the simulations to be functional.     

Extraversion and the acquisition of eyeblink and GSR conditioned responses.

A summary is given of studies relating eyeblink and GSR conditioning to the personality dimension of extraversion (E). It is found that extraverts are poorer in eyeblink conditioning when conditions favor the development of inhibition, as by the use of partial reinforcement; they do not differ from introverts when conditions are such as to preclude the development of inhibition. Extraverts are poorer in GSR conditioning when relatively mild stimuli are used, but do not differ from introverts when very strong stimuli are used, making impossible the development of cortical inhibition. They are also poorer than introverts when discrimination learning is involved, facilitating the growth of inhibition. Correlations between conditioning and personality appear to be dependent on the suitability of experimental conditions to evoke cortical inhibition; correlations are process and not status functions. These findings have implications for the problem of the generality of the hypothetical factor of "conditionability." (2 p. ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

风机振动和轴承温度过高原因分析及对策

对风机振动、轴承温度过高原因进行了综合分析,从设备、工艺和维护几方面分析了可能导致风机振动和轴承温度过高的因素,提出多种措施。改善了风机作业状况、工作环境,有效的解决了风机振动和轴承温度过高问题,延长了风机使用寿命。     

Tensile Stiffness and Deformation Model of Rubber Isolators in Tension and Tension-Shear States

The tensile stiffness and deformation model of rubber bearings are systemically researched in the paper, a series of basic concepts, such as origin tensile longitudinal elastic modulus, tensile stiffness factor, origin tensile stiffness, offset tension origin stiffness, etc. are suggested corresponding to the theoretical formula and the experimental estimation method. Based on the origin tensile stiffness and offset tension origin stiffness, the deformation calculating theories related to pure tensile state and tension-shear state of isolated bearing are established. The double stiffness model and original stiffness model are proposed to describe the tension properties of rubber isolators after the bearings yield. The vertical tensile stiffness, offset tension origin stiffness, and deformation tests are performed with nature rubber bearings and lead plug rubber bearings to verify the new concepts and computation model of rubber isolators. All test results show that the theories established in the paper are suitable to analyze the tensile stiffness and tensile deformation for rubber isolators.     

Liposomes and immunoassays

Various aspects of the application of liposomes as a label in immunoassays are reviewed. Methods for the preparation of liposomes, from the basic film method to the more advanced dehydration-rehydration method, are discussed. Furthermore, the markers used in liposome labels, as well as the methods to conjugate liposomes to antigens or antibodies, are summarized. Liposome immunoassays are applied as homogeneous or heterogeneous assays. Homogeneous assays often rely on the lytic activity of complement on antibody-associated liposomes. Another group of homogeneous assays utilizes the inhibitory action of antibodies on the activity of conjugates of mellitin (a bee venom protein) with a hapten. Free mellitin conjugates are able to lyse liposomes effectively. Heterogeneous liposome immunoassays, performed either competitively or non-competitively, resemble more closely standard enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, with the enzyme being replaced by a liposome label. Washing steps are used to separate antigen-specifically bound liposomes from unbound liposomes. All bound liposomes are lysed with a detergent, giving an instantaneous amplification. Flow-injection liposome immunoassays and liposome immunosensors are also described as examples of other possible immunoassay formats.     

Angioplasty and stenting in the carotid and vertebral arteries

Carotid and vertebral artery percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting are new, experimental techniques. Their potential uses are discussed and the results and complications reported to date are reviewed.     

History and Renaissance of Construction Engineering and Management in Canada

Understanding the history of the construction engineering and management discipline in Canada can perhaps shed light on where the future of the discipline may lay and on external perceptions of the discipline. In its current state, the discipline in Canada is a unique model. Examining its positive and negative attributes will help inform strategic planning for construction research and education programs in Canada and in other countries as they adapt to rapid changes in their environments. The objective of this paper is to present sufficient information to make that examination possible. Its scope is limited to the last 200 years. Early pioneers in the discipline are described. Their careers are reflected in the developments that are summarized in the following discussion of the emergence of professional societies, and the educational and research infrastructure of the discipline in Canada. Recent developments in education and research are examined in more detail. Some final observations are then made based on this brief history.     

Neuropsychology and imaging.

Introduces this special of issue of Neuropsychology, the theme of which is Neuropsychology and Imaging. The question for neuropsychology is no longer how to locate the lesions, but, rather, how to consistently relate neuropsychological dysfunctionings with the image of the lesion. Both questions are easier to answer when lesions are better circumscribed. Answers are more difficult in the presence of multiple, diffuse, or subcortical lesions. In order to address the more difficult questions, this issue includes papers by Levin and High, Wilson et al., Wiednann et al., and Jernigan and Butters which are devoted to challenging clinical diseases (head injury, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's) where lesions and dysfunctionings are not consistently defined. Interestingly, some disease-related correlations emerge from these papers, and SPECT data are viewed as well. Correlating neuropsychological and imaging measurements is both unbounded and restrained. Papers in this special issue on Neuropsychology and Imaging highlight this, and the issues and concerns for future investigations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Boundary issues and multiple relationships: Fantasy and reality.

Psychologists regularly struggle with boundary issues and multiple relationships. Knowing which boundary crossings are acceptable, when a behavior becomes a boundary violation, and which multiple relationships are acceptable and which are not can present great challenges for practicing psychologists. Furthermore, for those who work with diverse populations, these challenges may become even more pronounced. A rational approach to addressing boundaries and multiple relationships is presented along with 4 expert commentaries that further elucidate these issues. Special attention is paid to the role of culture and other diversity factors as they affect how psychologists address boundaries and multiple relationships. Recommendations for ethical and effective practice that incorporate rational decision making and attention to individual differences are made. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)