攀枝花74%品位钛渣熔盐氯化研究

开展了攀枝花74%品位钛渣熔盐氯化制备四氯化钛的试验研究,考察了74%品位钛渣作为氯化原料时,氯化炉温度控制、熔盐成分控制和产品质量情况,并对不同品位钛渣熔盐氯化时技术经济指标进行了对比分析。研究表明:使用攀枝花74%品位钛渣熔盐氯化生产高品质海绵钛用四氯化钛工艺可行,与采用78%钛渣熔盐氯化相比,每吨粗四氯化钛可节约成本98.3元。     

熔盐氯化法制备粗TiCl_4过程热平衡控制研究

对TiO_2品位为74%的高钙镁钛渣物相组成及氯化行为、熔盐氯化生产粗四氯化钛过程的熔盐温度控制进行了分析。结果表明,在粗四氯化钛单炉产量为100t/d的条件下,通过合理调节返炉矿浆量,可将钛渣氯化过程的熔盐温度与混合炉气温度分别稳定控制在740～770℃与350～501℃,并产出平均固相含量4.06～4.1g/L的合格粗TiCl_4产品。     

攀枝花钛渣熔盐氯化特性研究

开展了攀枝花74%品位钛渣、78%钛渣和85%钛渣的化学成分、物相及矿物结构研究,考察了三种钛渣熔盐氯化时反应差异、放热量差异和氯化系统热平衡控制差异。研究表明:74%渣、78%渣和85%渣在物相组成上无较大差异,但黑钛石、金红石及其过渡相含量存在差异,导致74%渣熔盐氯化放热量比78%渣多21.9%、85%渣熔盐氯化放热量比78%渣少9.9%,氯化炉热平衡计算所需的返炉矿浆量与实际氯化应用所需矿浆量结果一致。     

钛渣中FeO对熔盐氯化过程的影响

研究了不同FeO含量钛渣的化学及物相组成以及FeO含量对熔盐氯化过程放热量、收尘渣量及成分、熔盐成分和产品质量的影响。结果显示:钛渣中主要物相是黑钛石、金红石和硅酸盐玻璃体。随着FeO含量增大,钛渣熔盐氯化放热量、收尘渣比例、熔盐中的FeCl_3和FeCl_2含量、产品中FeCl_3含量和固含量均有所增大。高FeO含量用于熔盐氯化制备四氯化钛工艺可行,但对氯化过程熔盐成分和收尘渣成分影响较大,应通过调整物料配比、排盐制度和矿浆喷淋制度等予以解决。     

熔盐氯化炉氯化反应最高理论温度及其引热措施的探讨

高钙镁钛渣熔盐氯化生产四氯化钛的问题之一是氯化反应放出较多的热量,如果这些热量不及时从氯化炉中引出,就会影响熔盐氯化生产的正常进行,也会影响四氯化钛的气相收尘和冷凝回收以及液体四氯化钛中泥浆的沉积等。     

高钙镁钛渣的无筛板熔盐氯化

本文以炉型选择问题为中心,介绍了用无筛板熔盐氯化新技术,氯化攀枝花高钙镁钛渣制取粗TiCl_4的工业试验。文章指出,φ1000mm熔盐氯化工业试验炉连续运转63天,处理钛渣511t,产出粗TiCl_4926t,回收率达91.23%, 有效产能为18.68t/m~2·d,氯气单耗降到1.030t/tTiCl_4。试验证明,无筛板熔盐氯化具有炉子结构简单,生产操作方便,对钛渣适应性强,炉体寿命长等优点,是处理攀枝花高钙镁钛渣的一种有效的氯化方法。     

攀枝花矿高镁钙钛渣的氯化试验

攀枝花钛精矿含有较高的镁钙氧化物,经电炉冶炼后得到的高钛渣含有8％左右的(MgO+CaO),用这种高镁钙杂质的钛渣在工业规模上进行了几种氯化炉型的试验。试验证明,在沸腾炉内氯化这种钛渣,技术上是可行的。这除了在炉型结构上作了改进外,在工艺上还采取了补充热量和大配碳比的措施。     

氯化渣冶炼技术开发与生产实践

通过对攀枝花钛精矿冶炼熔盐氯化渣技术难点的分析,在25.5MVA大型钛渣电炉上开展了熔盐氯化渣的技术开发,成功生产出满足海绵钛生产的专用钛渣。     

攀钢高炉渣提钛过程中钒的走向及回收途径

通过理论计算和过程样品检测分析了攀钢高炉渣"高温碳化—低温氯化"提钛工艺中钒的反应机理和走向。结果表明:高炉渣在高温碳化过程中,其中的钒元素会以V2O3的形式进入碳化渣,而在低温氯化过程中,V2O3会与氯气发生反应生成VOCl3进入粗Ti Cl4中,而不是进入提钛尾渣或氯化收尘渣,最后经过精制工序,VOCl3将形成VOCl2固体进入精制残渣中。精制尾渣经煅烧、钠化焙烧、水浸提钒等工序,可制得符合GB3283—1987要求的五氧化二钒产品。经初步测算,每产出1万t粗Ti Cl4,可回收得到50 t左右的V2O5。     

电炉钛渣除杂制备沸腾氯化炉料研究现状及展望

综述了电炉钛渣去除钙镁等杂质制备沸腾氯化炉料的技术及研究进展,分析了各种方法的技术特点及存在的问题,指出开展钛精矿进一步选矿脱硅降低电炉钛渣硅含量,利用冶炼后熔融态钛渣显热进行矿相重构,同时循环利用除杂过程浸出试剂,实现电炉钛渣高效低耗清洁化制备沸腾氯化炉料,是我国电炉钛渣除杂制备沸腾氯化炉料研究的主攻方向。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Concept of freedom of infection of animal flocks

Totally negative results of epidemiological investigation of random samples do not prove the absence of the infection as the pathogen may be restricted to only a few animals in the herd for a long time. The statement "absence of infection" is critical for such situations. The question is raised, whether the statement "absence of infection" should be generally avoided. Classification of herds and flocks according to the prevalence of the pathogen would be more valid for the implementation of control measures.     

显微维氏硬度测量不确定度评定

对显微维氏硬度测量不确定度进行评定，建立了不确定度计算的数学模型，确定了影响实验结果的各项因素，计算出了各因素的标准不确定度，得出结果的扩展不确定度，并给出最终测量结果的表达式。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.