结晶器液位波动与薄板坯粘结

介绍了唐钢超薄热带生产线结晶器液位波动与薄板坯发生粘结的关系,分析了结晶器液位波动的原因,提出了判断结晶器液位波动和薄板坯粘结的方法。     

板坯连铸结晶器流场及液面波动的水模研究

以我国实际生产的某连铸结晶器为原型,建立1∶1有机玻璃水模型,研究了不同结晶器断面、不同中间包液位下,板坯连铸结晶器流场形态和结晶器液面波动情况,研究发现中间包液位的变化对结晶器液面流场和波动产生影响;同时中间包液位改变了水口出口的压力和流速,进一步影响结晶器流场和液面波动.实验工况条件下,最佳中间包液位的稳定高度为800 mm.建议生产过程稳定控制中间包液位,以提高连铸坯质量.     

板坯连铸结晶器液位瞬时异常波动的时频特性

在连铸过程中，结晶器液面的瞬时异常波动会对连铸坯质量造成不利影响，因此结晶器液位波动的控制是高品质钢连铸过程的关键一环。本研究收集了低碳钢、中碳钢、亚包晶钢和包晶钢的板坯连铸工艺数据，利用快速傅里叶变换(fast Fourier transform, FFT)和连续小波变换(continuous wavelet transform, CWT)分析数据特征，进而研究工艺参数对结晶器液位瞬时异常波动的影响。FFT分析结果表明，鼓肚对于结晶器液面瞬时异常波动并无明显影响。通过CWT分析了结晶器液位瞬时异常波动和塞棒位置的时频特性，结果表明，在不同钢种和拉速下，结晶器液位瞬时异常波动发生之前塞棒位置高频区CWT系数均呈线性增加趋势。因此，通过对塞棒位置高频区的CWT分析，可以预测结晶器液位瞬时异常波动。     

结晶器钢水液位波动的补偿与控制

介绍梅钢2号板坯连铸机结晶器液面波动的特点,研究连铸机结晶器钢水液位波动的机理,分析、模拟大量与结晶器钢水相关的数据并寻找结晶器液位、拉坯力及速度等之间的联系。认为周期性波动的原因是板坯鼓肚和弧形扇形段区等间距辊子排列造成的,并受到工艺条件的影响。以自动控制为基础采用先进的控制算法,设计一种有效的结晶器钢水液位补偿及控制方法,很好地解决了实际生产中钢水液位波动问题,保障了连铸生产工艺的顺利进行,对结晶器控制系统的设计及在生产中应用有一定的指导意义。     

薄板坯连铸低碳铝镇静钢结晶器液位波动的控制

针对薄板坯连铸低碳铝镇静钢结晶器液位波动的问题,从现场操作、工艺优化、设备维护等方面对造成液位波动的原因及影响因素进行了分析。在此基础上采取了相应的措施,使浇铸过程中结晶器液位波动到了很好的控制,满足了生产需求。     

CSP连铸结晶器液位波动的分析

结晶器液位控制系统用于自动开浇,并在浇铸期间保持钢水液位在预设定恒定液位上,任何对预设恒定液位偏移都通过塞棒位置调整来补偿。但是在实际生产中,仍然经常会发生钢水液面波动,这不仅严重影响了板坯质量,而且还降低了生产效率。通过对马钢热轧连铸结晶器液面波动分析,发现了结晶器液面波动产生的原因,并提出了预防措施,降低了液面波动发生的几率。     

浇铸参数对结晶器液面波动影响及其工业应用

 板坯连铸结晶器液面的波动行为是结晶器内钢液流动、结晶器自身振动以及辊子挤压铸坯内部未凝固的钢液造成液面波动综合作用的结果。结晶器液位波动的稳定性对板坯连铸过程的卷渣行为有直接影响。在工业板坯连铸生产实践中,一般在结晶器某一区域(比如结晶器中部)利用放射源或涡流传感器检测液位波动来代表该工况下的整体波动水平。利用三维气液两相流动的数学模型研究了浇铸参数对结晶器液位轮廓的影响,浇铸参数包括拉速、吹氩流量、浸入式水口出口角度和浇铸断面。研究结果表明,结晶器不同宽度位置的波动幅值差异较大,且与工艺参数密切相关。液面的波峰与波谷之差随着拉速的增加在窄面附近逐渐增大,随着吹氩流量的增加在水口附近逐渐增大。在水口出口角度15°条件下,水口和窄面附近的液位波动均较大,而在水口出口角度45°条件下,仅在水口附近存在较大的液位波动。研究结果表明,使用板坯连铸常规的15°浸入式水口,当铸坯宽度大于800 mm时,结晶器液面检测需要在水口和窄面附近同时布置液位检测设备,以便更全面反应结晶器的真实液面行为,使液面波动对轧板表面质量指导性增强,有效提高连铸工艺的控制水平。如使用45°浸入式水口可以继续沿用原有的液位检测布置。     

唐钢薄板坯连铸结晶器液位波动原因

结合唐山钢铁股份有限公司FTSC薄板坯连铸机生产实际情况,对导致薄板坯连铸结晶器液位波动的原因进行了分析.结果表明,液位检测系统的零点漂移、二次冷却效果和扇形段对中精度等因素均对结晶器液位稳定性有显著的影响.     

基于前馈补偿方式的板坯结晶器液面周期性波动研究

在生产不锈钢和包晶钢的板坯连铸过程中,经常出现结晶器液面呈周期性波动的问题。随着拉速增大,周期性波动问题越严重,结晶器钢液面波动过大会发生保护渣卷渣现象,结晶器钢液面波动过于平静时钢液中的夹杂物不能上浮。该问题不仅降低了连铸生产效率,更造成了铸坯质量的下降,因此对不锈钢和包晶钢浇铸过程中周期性液面波动的研究显得尤为重要。结合某钢厂实际生产情况,详细分析了结晶器液面波动的原因,并针对液位控制系统的周期性液位波动(鼓肚现象),采用前馈补偿方式对塞棒进行微调节从而减轻液位周期性波动,这一技术的有效性在实际生产中可将结晶器液面波动幅度由30 mm稳定在±3 mm内,并提高了其生产效益。     

运用大数据及设备剖析提高结晶器钢水液位检测系统的控制精度

针对河钢石钢连铸机使用过程中出现结晶器钢水液位检测系统报故障和液位频繁波动问题,分析了故障原因。通过运用大数据平台及设备剖析,查找到结晶器液面波动的规律和影响因素。经过优化放射源、改造接收器及接收器外铠电缆、国产化创新改造钢水液位检测控制仪等措施,有效提高了设备稳定性及控制精度。     

Numerical Simulation of Influence of Casting Speed Variation on Surface Fluctuation of Molten Steel in Mold

The influences of casting speed variation on surface fluctuation of the molten steel in mold during continuous casting were investigated with numerical simulation method.It was found that when the casting speed was evenly decreased from 1.4 m·min-1 to 0.6 m·min-1,the increase of the surface fluctuation of the molten steel in mold was observed only on time that was at the start of casting speed change.While,in experiment of increasing casting speed evenly from 0.6 m·min-1 to 1.4 m·min-1,the increase of the surface fluctuation of the molten steel in mold was observed only at the time when the casting speed was stopped to increase after it had been increased to 1.4 m·min-1.For surface fluctuation of the molten steel in mold which was produced during the casting speed evenly increasing or decreasing period and at the time when increasing or decreasing the casting speed at low casting speed level(0.6 m·min-1),the influence of casting speed change is very small.In addition,it is found that,at high casting speed level(1.4 m·min-1),even a little change of casting speed could result in remarkable increase of the surface fluctuation.Thus,at high casting speed,changing casting speed should be avoided or much slower speed changing rate should be used.     

Interracial Fluctuation Behavior of Steel/Slag in Medium-Thin Slab Continuous Casting Mold With Argon Gas Injection

The flow field of molten steel and the interfacial behaviour between molten steel and liquid slag layer in medium-thin slab continuous casting mold with argon gas injection were studied by numerical simulation, in which the effects of nozzle submergence depth and port angle, casting speed, and argon gas flow rate on the flow and the level fluctuation of molten steel were considered. The results show that the molten steel is jetted from the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) with three ports into the mold and forms three recirculation zones including one upper recirculation zone and two lower recirculation zones. Argon gas injection results in a secondary vortex flow in the upper zone near the nozzle. For a given casting speed and argon gas flow rate, increasing the side port angle and submergence depth of nozzle can effectively restrain the steel/slag interfacial fluctuation. Increasing the casting speed would prick up the level fluctuation. For a fixed casting speed, argon gas flow rate has a critical value, the interfacial fluctuation with argon gas injection are stronger than the case without argon gas injection when the argon gas flow rate is less than the critical value, but when the argon gas flow rate exceeds the critical value, the level fluctuation is calmer than that without argon gas injection.     

Interfacial Fluctuation Behavior of Steel/Slag in Medium-Thin Slab Continuous Casting Mold With Argon Gas Injection

 The flow field of molten steel and the interfacial behaviour between molten steel and liquid slag layer in medium-thin slab continuous casting mold with argon gas injection was studied by numerical simulation, in which the effects of nozzle submergence depth and port angle, casting speed, and argon gas flow rate on the flow and the level fluctuation of molten steel were considered. The results show that the molten steel jet from the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) with three ports into the mold and form three re-circulation zones including one upper re-circulation zone and two lower re-circulation zones. Argon gas injection results in a secondary vortex flow in the upper zone near the nozzle. For a given casting speed and argon gas flow rate, increasing the side port angle and submergence depth of nozzle can effectively restrain the steel/slag interfacial fluctuation. Increasing the casting speed would prick up the level fluctuation. For a fixed casting speed, argon gas flow rate has a critical value, the interfacial fluctuation with argon gas injection are stronger than the case without argon gas injection when the argon gas flow rate is less than the critical value, but when the argon gas flow rate exceeds the critical value, the level fluctuation is calmer than that without argon gas injection.     

静磁场控制板坯连铸结晶器液面波动

 用Pb Sn Bi低熔点合金进行了热模拟实验,研究了在静磁场作用下板坯连铸结晶器内的液面波动行为。实验结果表明可应用静磁场控制结晶器内金属液面的波动,且磁场对表面波动的抑制作用有一最佳值,即磁感应强度为05 T时液面平均波动最小。为此,为了减少由于液面波动引起的连铸板坯中的卷渣缺陷,有必要在一定的浇铸条件下优化磁感应强度。吹入氩气加剧了表面波动,且随着氩气流量的增加扰动加大。施加电磁制动能够使吹入氩气引起的液面波动受到显著的抑制。     

汽车钢板表面线状缺陷控制技术

针对线状缺陷是制约汽车钢板表面品质的关键问题,对汽车钢种热轧板和冷轧板的表面缺陷进行SEMEDS分析。研究发现保护渣是引起汽车板线状缺陷的主要原因。提高钢液洁净度可以缓解水口堵塞,进而减少保护渣卷入与内壁大尺寸夹杂物脱落,此外优化结晶器流场也可以防止卷渣的发生。某钢厂通过工艺优化,使加铝前钢液溶解氧降低明显,并有效减少连铸过程钢液的二次氧化,提高了钢液洁净度。此外还通过对浸入式水口结构进行优化,降低了结晶器上回流强度,使液面波动明显减小。采取上述工艺优化,轧板表面线状缺陷的发生率显著降低。     

结晶器电磁制动技术的应用研究

论述了板坯连铸结晶器中应用电磁制动技术的发展、研究和应用状况。电磁制动技术可以控制结晶器内钢液面的波动,减少结晶器保护渣的卷渣,有利于结晶器内夹杂物的去除。鞍钢电磁制动的研究结果表明,电磁制动可降低液面波动50%以上,可提高目标拉速0.5m/m in。     

Multiphase Flow and Thermo-Mechanical Behaviors of Solidifying Shell in Continuous Casting Mold

 The metallurgical phenomena occurring in the continuous casting mold have a significant influence on the performance and the quality of steel product. The multiphase flow phenomena of molten steel, steel/slag interface and gas bubbles in the slab continuous casting mold were described by numerical simulation, and the effect of electromagnetic brake (EMBR) and argon gas blowing on the process were investigated. The relationship between wavy fluctuation height near meniscus and the level fluctuation index F, which reflects the situation of mold flux entrapment, was clarified. Moreover, based on a microsegregation model of solute elements in mushy zone with δ/γ transformation and a thermo-mechanical coupling finite element model of shell solidification, the thermal and mechanical behaviors of solidifying shell including the dynamic distribution laws of air gap and mold flux, temperature and stress of shell in slab continuous casting mold were described.     

GCr15钢大方坯结晶器电磁搅拌工艺参数优化研究

摘要：为明确不同电磁搅拌条件对结晶器内钢液流动、传热行为的影响规律,对现场大方坯连铸结晶器电磁搅拌工艺参数的配置提供依据,采用ANSYS Fluent及Maxwell研究了320mm×280mm断面GCr15高碳轴承钢连铸过程中结晶器电磁搅拌工艺参数对结晶器内钢液温度场、磁场特性、注流冲击深度及液面波动的影响规律。研究结果表明,在M-EMS作用下,结晶器内钢液温度的耗散明显优于无电磁场作用工况,有利于改善结晶器内温度均匀性。注流的冲击深度随电流强度的增大而降低,而频率改变对钢液冲击深度影响不明显。当电磁搅拌电流强度一定时,随着搅拌频率增加,液面波动趋于平缓;当搅拌频率一定时,随着电流强度增加,液面波动变剧烈。对于320mm×280mm断面GCr15高碳轴承钢不同工艺进行工业试验,只改变结晶器电磁搅拌参数,从300A/2Hz调整到350A/3Hz,铸坯横截面中心碳偏析指数从1.06降低到1.01,铸坯纵截面中心碳偏析指数的平均值从0.98升至0.99,适合该钢种结晶器电磁搅拌工艺参数为350A/3Hz。     

电磁搅拌作用下水口深度对液面波动的影响

 结晶器内液面波动会影响连铸坯的质量,施加电磁搅拌使钢液的液面呈旋转抛物面。电磁搅拌电流过大或拉速过高会造成保护渣卷渣现象,对铸坯质量造成不利的影响。以某钢厂[?]250 mm连铸圆坯结晶器电磁搅拌为研究对象,采用电磁-流体单相耦合的方式及流体体积函数VOF模型,建立描述结晶器电磁搅拌作用下液面波动的数学模型,研究电磁搅拌作用下浸入式水口深度对液面波动的影响。研究表明,通过增大水口深度,能够改善因电磁搅拌强度过大或拉速过大造成的卷渣现象,减小水口附近的液面波动。