木质素磺酸盐复配絮凝剂的研究

[目的]探索木质素磺酸盐综合利用的新途径.[方法]制备木质素磺酸盐与丙烯酰胺的接枝共聚物(LA),并以此对垃圾渗滤液进行絮凝处理,通过试验找到合成LA的最佳工艺条件和处理垃圾渗滤液的最佳投料量.[结果]木质素磺酸盐与丙烯酰胺的最佳共聚条件是反应温度50 ℃,固含量15%,反应时间6 h,丙烯酰胺与木质素磺酸盐质量比为3:1.改性木质素磺酸盐与聚合FeCl3复合对垃圾渗滤液絮凝效果较好,COD去除率可达74%,且该复合絮凝剂对温度适应性强.[结论]LA与聚合FeCl3复合对垃圾渗滤液进行絮凝处理,效果较好,其絮凝效果优于单独使用任何其中一种絮凝剂.     

阳离子淀粉对含锰(Ⅶ)废水的絮凝性能研究

以淀粉为原料,3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为阳离子醚化剂,采用湿法制备阳离子淀粉.考察了pH、絮凝剂用量、絮凝时间和絮凝温度等因素对絮凝效果的影响.阳离子淀粉对含锰(Ⅶ)废水的絮凝工艺条件为:pH 5-6,絮凝剂用量0.4 g,絮凝时间2.0 h,絮凝温度40℃.在上述条件下,阳离子淀粉对含锰(Ⅶ)模拟废水的絮凝率可达90.2%.     

阳离子聚丙烯酰胺在湿法炼铜中的应用研究

采用絮凝技术可使湿法炼铜流程顺利,并带来巨大的经济效益,为在生产中获得更经济高效且能显著提高絮凝效果的工艺参数,从阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶液的配制和絮凝效果两方面研究了阳离子聚丙烯酰胺在湿法炼铜中的应用．探讨了温度、搅拌速度对配制絮凝剂稀溶液的影响;絮凝剂的选型、用量、沉降时间对絮凝效果的影响,实验结果表明,在温度为40℃,搅拌速度为40r／min时阳离子聚丙烯酰胺溶解速度最快,溶解时间为2h;湿法炼铜浸出矿浆加入800万分子量的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺20mg/L,沉降2h絮凝效果最佳．     

浸金尾渣选铁的尾矿沉降性能研究

应用沉降法研究了浸金尾渣选铁尾矿在水介质中的沉降行为.考察了阳离子型、阴离子型及非离子型絮凝剂的分子量变化对浸金尾渣选铁尾矿沉降性能的影响.结果表明:阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺对细粒尾矿的絮凝效果最好,阳离子型和非离子型聚丙烯酰胺对细粒尾矿的絮凝效果较差,阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺的最佳药剂用量为20g/t.     

2种微生物絮凝剂高效产生菌的筛选和培养条件的优化

[目的]筛选微生物絮凝剂高效产生菌,并优化其培养条件.[方法]从活性污泥中分离纯化絮凝剂产生菌株,考察它们对焦化废水的絮凝效果,并探讨了利用糖蜜废液作为廉价培养基扩大培养菌株的可行性.[结果]从活性污泥中共得到4株絮凝率>70%且絮凝特性稳定的菌株.其中,J-Y1和J-Y2菌液的絮凝活性最好,对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率分别为94.4%和98.9%,在处理焦化废水时絮凝率最高分别也达到88.4%和93.9%.J-Y1和J-Y2在糖蜜废液中均生长良好,且糖蜜浓度未对絮凝率产生显著抑制.[结论]糖蜜废液可为J-Y1和J-Y2的扩大培养提供廉价的营养,并且这两个菌株在优化的试验条件下均具有相当高的絮凝能力,表明它们在废水处理中有巨大的应用潜力.     

马铃薯醇溶蛋白电泳分析方法的建立

[目的]探索并建立马铃薯醇溶蛋白酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)方法和谱带分析技术.[方法]用25% 2-氯乙醇提取马铃薯醇溶蛋白,借助酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对马铃薯醇溶蛋白进行分析,电泳采用浓度12.4%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶,考马斯亮蓝染色.[结果]不同品种都显示出各自特有的醇溶蛋白带谱组合,且清晰可辨.[结论]酸性凝胶电泳技术可用于马铃薯醇溶蛋白分析,具有快速、分辨率高、重复性好等特点,可为马铃薯品种(系)选育提供一种十分有效的方法.     

氧化淀粉的制备

[目的]对影响氧化淀粉羧基含量的各个因素进行系统考察.[方法]以马铃薯淀粉为原料,次氯酸钠作氧化剂制备氧化淀粉.并对最佳工艺条件下制备的最终产品的羟基含量、白度、透明度及黏度进行测定.[结果]制备马铃薯淀粉的最佳工艺条件为:pH值为8.0,温度为40 ℃,次氯酸钠用量(有效氯用量)为2%,反应时间为8 h.[结论]试验得到的氧化淀粉具有羧基含量低,白度较好,透明度较高,黏度较低的特点.     

制取高纯氧氯化锆过程中絮凝剂对"二次除硅"的影响研究

制取高纯氧氯化锆过程中，采用阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺类絮凝剂进行了二次除硅，取得了很好的效果，并提出絮凝机理、研究了ＰＣＡＭ型絮凝剂的浓度、用量、料浆温度、酸度及锆盐浓度绎除硅等率及过滤速度的影响。工业实验结果与实验结果相吻俣。     

不同方法提取乳清浓缩蛋白的研究

[目的]探索一条经济、简单易行的乳清浓缩蛋白提取工艺.[方法]以乳清废液为原料,分别采用醇沉法、碱沉法、醇+碱沉法提取其中的乳清浓缩蛋白,比较不同方法的提取效果.[结果]影响醇沉法提取乳清蛋白产量的因素依次为:沉淀时间＞乙醇浓度＞沉淀温度,最佳醇提条件为:乙醇浓度100%,沉淀温度50 ℃,沉淀时间1.5 h;影响碱沉法提取乳清蛋白产量的因素依次为:沉淀时间＞pH值＞沉淀温度,最佳碱提条件为:pH值10,沉淀温度30 ℃,沉淀时间1.5 h;影响醇+碱沉法提取乳清蛋白产量的因素依次为:沉淀时间＞沉淀温度＞pH值＞乙醇浓度,最佳提取条件为:乙醇浓度90%,沉淀时间2.0 h,pH值7,沉淀温度20 ℃.[结论]醇+碱沉法提取乳清浓缩蛋白的效果最佳.     

食品废水培养枯草芽孢杆菌产絮凝剂及固定化吸附Cu2+研究

[目的]利用食品废水培养枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)ASI-296产絮凝剂吸附cu<'2+>.[方法]以味精废水和啤酒废水作为替代培养基培养枯草芽孢杆菌ASI-296制备含γ-聚谷氨酸的絮凝剂,通过正交试验确定其最佳培养条件,对枯草芽孢杆菌产的絮凝剂进行了明胶-戊二醛交联固定处理,并对Cu<'2+>进行吸附和解析研究.[结果]培养枯草芽孢杆菌ASI-296产絮凝剂的最佳条件为:pH为7,培养时间为48 h,啤酒废水与味精废水的体积比为15.红外光谱分析结果显示,絮凝剂主要由γ-聚谷氨酸和多糖组成.固定后的絮凝剂最佳Cu<'2+>吸附条件为:最佳吸附pH为5,絮凝剂投加量为0.6 g,温度为40℃,Cu<'2+>初始浓度为30 ms/200 ml,最大Cu<'2+>吸附容量为4.1 mg/g.最佳Cu<'2+>解析条件为:pH为2,最大解析率为81%.[结论]利用味精废水和啤酒废水作为主要原料,使培养枯草芽孢杆菌AS1-296产絮凝剂更具有经济和实用价值,真正实现了"以废治污".     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

显微维氏硬度测量不确定度评定

对显微维氏硬度测量不确定度进行评定，建立了不确定度计算的数学模型，确定了影响实验结果的各项因素，计算出了各因素的标准不确定度，得出结果的扩展不确定度，并给出最终测量结果的表达式。     

Concept of freedom of infection of animal flocks

Totally negative results of epidemiological investigation of random samples do not prove the absence of the infection as the pathogen may be restricted to only a few animals in the herd for a long time. The statement "absence of infection" is critical for such situations. The question is raised, whether the statement "absence of infection" should be generally avoided. Classification of herds and flocks according to the prevalence of the pathogen would be more valid for the implementation of control measures.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Rehabilitation of disorders of the breaking of voice

The adolescent's breaking of the voice is the result of the substitution of the chest voice (or heavy mechanism) for the head voice (or light mechanism). In cases of late breaking, the voice is abnormally high-pitched and feeble, often with a distorted timbre, while the larynx is normal and pubescent. Such people are generally not fully aware of their voices' real nature. Therapy classically resorts to laryngeal manipulations, of which a new technique is put forward. Another therapeutic approach is based, on the one hand, on critical listening compared with a control male voice, thus enabling the subject to become aware of his own voice, and, on the other hand, on high intensity work which helps passing from head to chest voice.