TA6钛合金板材换向轧制工艺研究

通过设计两种换向轧制工艺,采用2 800 mm四辊可逆热轧机成功制备了满足GJB 2505A—2008标准要求的3.5 mm厚TA6钛合金薄板,并研究了轧制工艺对TA6钛合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:采用这两种不同轧制工艺轧制TA6钛合金板材,当总变形量为72%时,板材内部均为混乱的魏氏组织,且组织均匀性差,纵横向抗拉强度差值大于50 MPa;随着变形量增大,组织不断细化,强度不断提高,当变形量达到89%以上时,与B工艺相比,采用A工艺得到的板材组织均匀性更好,且纵横向抗拉强度差值小于20 MPa。采用A工艺制备的TA6钛合金板材退火后为细小均匀的再结晶组织,且力学性能满足GJB 2505A—2008标准要求。     

TA15钛合金中板组织与力学性能研究

采用一次换向+四火次轧制、二次换向+四火次轧制和一次换向+三火次大变形轧制3种工艺制备了厚度10.0mm的TA15钛合金中板，研究了轧制工艺对板材显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：3种TA15钛合金中板显微组织均为α+β两相区加工组织，但采用二次换向+四火次轧制的样品B显微组织中初生α相尺寸最为细小、等轴化程度最高；3种TA15钛合金板材室温和高温力学性能均符合GJB 2505A—2008标准要求，但采用一次换向+三火次大变形轧制的样品C室温和500℃高温抗拉强度横纵向差异最小，500℃高温持久性能最佳。     

利用成分不良的TC4钛合金铸锭制备合格板材的工艺研究

为了充分利用某批因添加回收料较多而造成O含量较高或不均匀的TC4钛合金铸锭,以该批铸锭为研究对象,研究了不同锻造工艺对锻坯组织及成品板材力学性能的影响。结果表明:经三火次锻造获得的7 mm厚热轧板材的力学性能不稳定且有较多不合格;经六火次锻造可获得以等轴和短棒状α相为主的双态组织,轧制后得到的4.5mm厚成品板材的伸长率可达12.5%~19%,且强度较高;经四火次锻造可获得以长条状α相为主的组织,轧制后得到的4.5 mm厚成品板材性能合格,伸长率为12.5%~17%。综合分析知,通过四火次锻造加三火轧制可得到组织均匀、性能稳定的TC4钛合金成品板材,实现对O含量较高或波动较大的TC4钛合金铸锭的应用,且生产成本较低。     

细晶TA15钛合金板材制备工艺及其超塑性研究

研究了β淬火和换向轧制对TA15钛合金板材显微组织和力学性能的影响,并对显微组织最为均匀细小的板材进行了超塑性能测试。结果表明,增加β淬火工艺,可以提高板材显微组织的均匀性,细化晶粒尺寸,提高板材的室温拉伸强度;采用换向轧制工艺,能够显著减小横纵向组织差异,提高组织均匀性,使板材横纵向性能差异减小;对同时采用β淬火和换向轧制工艺制备的板材进行超塑性拉伸试验,在850~920℃、0.001~0.01 s-1试验条件下,板材具有良好的超塑性能,且超塑性能对拉伸温度和拉伸应变速率均较为敏感。不同的应变速率下,温度对超塑性能的影响规律不同。     

热加工工艺对TA11钛合金棒材特性的影响

分别采用锻造和轧制工艺得到规格为Ф40mm的TA11钛合金棒材,对比分析了两种加工工艺下TA11钛合金棒材的显微组织、力学性能和超声波探伤结果。结果表明:在本次实验条件下,经轧制的TA11钛合金棒材组织为等轴组织,组织细小,分布均匀。锻造的TA11钛合金棒材显微组织为双态组织,棒材整体组织均匀性较好,但初生α相分布存在局部"群集"的现象;两种热加工工艺得到的棒材力学性能差异不大,均能满足标准要求。轧制棒材探伤杂波水平低于-12d B,可完全满足标准要求;锻造棒材探伤杂波水平不能完全达标。     

热处理温度对TA7钛合金板材组织与力学性能的影响

研究了TA7钛合金板材热加工态和经750、800、850℃3种不同温度热处理后的显微组织、室温拉伸性能、弯曲性能、高温拉伸性能和高温持久性能。结果表明，热加工态TA7钛合金板材横向存在不均匀组织，纵向有较多拉长α晶粒；经750℃热处理后板材拉长α晶粒转变为等轴状；经800℃热处理后板材横向与纵向均为均匀、细小的等轴组织；经850℃热处理后板材晶粒发生长大。热处理后板材强度降低，塑性增加，弯曲性能和高温持久性能均满足GJB 2505A—2018标准要求；随着热处理温度的升高，板材室温拉伸强度和高温拉伸强度均逐渐降低，经850℃热处理后板材的500℃高温拉伸强度已不能满足要求。为了获得均匀、细小的组织及良好的力学性能，TA7钛合金板材宜采用800℃热处理。     

轧制工艺对深加工用温轧钼板材组织和性能的影响

通过改变轧制加工率、轧制温度及轧制方式,研究了轧制工艺对深加工用温轧钼板材组织和力学性能的影响,结果表明:采用大加工率开坯和低温交叉轧制工艺,钼板材的纵向、横向组织及性能相近,能够很好地满足深加工需要.     

CT20钛合金挤压管坯冷轧过程中的组织演化

采用包套挤压方式制备CT20钛合金管坯,经两道次两辊开坯轧制和一道次多辊精轧获得85 mm×2.5 mm成品管材。研究了开坯、精轧一系列冷轧变形过程中的组织形态和室温力学性能变化,建立了挤压管坯加工过程的组织演变模型。结果表明:挤压制备的CT20钛合金管坯,其组织为细小均匀的网篮组织;对CT20钛合管坯进行大变形率(ε总=70%)的两辊开坯轧制,能够获得细晶组织;多辊精轧管材加工态组织与上道次冷轧态组织相比变化不大,经900℃退火后形成均匀的等轴组织。     

TC1钛合金宽幅薄板轧制工艺研究

对比分析了包覆叠轧和冷轧两种工艺制备TC1钛合金宽幅薄板表面质量、组织形貌和力学性能,并研究了成品退火温度对冷轧板材力学性能和组织的影响。结果表明:这两种工艺生产的TC1钛合金薄板力学性能均可满足GJB 2505A—2008要求,冷轧工艺生产的TC1钛合金成品板材表面质量良好,性能稳定,晶粒更为细小;冷轧板材成品退火温度控制在550~580℃较为适宜。     

聚变堆中面向等离子体的钼板材制备工艺研究

通过对比采用轧制方法和锻造方法生产的钼板材的组织和力学性能,研究了面向等离子体钼板材的制备工艺。结果表明:采用板坯轧制方法生产的钼板材经过完全再结晶退火之后,尽管密度较大,但轧制面方向上金相组织晶粒较粗大,强度值明显偏低;采用钼棒坯经过大加工率锻造加工后生产出的钼板材同样经过完全再结晶退火处理后三向晶粒组织和强度值均匀,可满足聚变堆中钼板材料的使用要求,且进一步加大锻造加工率,可进一步提高板材的强度和密度。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.