热变形和冷却对700 MPa级Mo-Nb微合金化钢组织的影响

通过Gleeble 1500热模拟试验机和光学显微镜，研究了变形及冷却对700MPa级0．04C-0．27Mo-0．047Nb微合金化钢组织和硬度的影响。得出该钢的静态(不变形)和动态(变形)奥氏体连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线，高温转变区，相变产物为先共析铁素体和粒状贝氏体；中温转变区，相变产物主要为贝氏体。热变形促进了铁素体和贝氏体相变，扩大了形成铁素体的冷却速度范围，推迟了羽毛状贝氏体的形成。     

Effect of Deformation on Continuous Cooling Phase Transformation Behaviors of 780 MPa Nb‐Ti Ultra‐High Strength Steel

For the purpose of achieving the reasonable rolling technology of 780 MPa hot‐rolled Nb‐Ti combined ultra‐high strength steel, the effect of deformation and microalloy elements Nb and Ti on phase transformation behaviors was investigated by thermal simulation experiment. The results indicated: the deformation promoted ferritic transformation; due to the carbon content of the experimental steel was lower (<0.12% wt), the deformation indirectly impacted perlitic transformation through promoting ferritic transformation; the effect of the deformation on bainitic transformation was subject to condition whether proeutectoid ferrite precipitated before bainitic transformation. At low cooling rate of 0.5 °C/s, Nb and Ti promote transformation process γ → α, but that not good for refining the ferrite grain; at high cooling rate of 25 °C/s, Nb and Ti to a certain extent promote bainitic transformation. The recrystallization stop temperature of experimental steel was greater than 1000 °C, and phase transformation point A_r3 was 764 °C. In order to obtain the fully bainite microstructure in the practical rolling process, the cooling rate should be controlled above 15 °C/s, the start finish rolling temperature between 950–980 °C, the finishing temperature between 830–850 °C, the coiling temperature between 450–550 °C.     

The Effect of Pre-Deformation at Elevated Temperatures on the Microstructure and Hardness of Boron Steel 22MnB5

To investigate the effects of the pre-deformation and deformation temperature on the microstructure and hardness of boron steel 22MnB5,isothermal tensile tests were carried out on the Gleeble 3800 system when the temperatures are 700℃,750℃,800℃,respectively.Three specimens were employed to obtain different deformation levels at each temperature.The cooling rate before and after deformation was 30℃/s.Then the microstructures of the specimens were observed and the harness of each specimen was measured.The results show the martensitic fraction decreases and the ferrite fraction increases with decreasing the deformation temperature or increasing the deformation level.The specimens deformed at higher temperature have greater hardness.The hot plastic deformation of austenite shortens the incubation period of ferrite transformation and accelerates the transformation rate.In addition,the isothermally holding time is longer in the case of a larger deformation amount,more austenite will transform to ferrite.Especially,the specimen deformed at 700℃ and with large deformation has almost full massive ferrite microstructure with larger size.     

热形变淬火对L485QS酸性管线用钢09MnNb淬硬性的影响

对L485QS酸性管线用钢09MnNb进行不同工艺的热形变淬火试验,测试淬硬性并观察相应的组织。结果表明,试验钢在850～1 100℃进行0.2～0.8变形水淬后可获得三种类型的组织,变形温度是影响组织转变类型的主导因素,当温度≤900℃时,主要获得针状铁素体,当温度为950～1 000℃时,主要获得细条状贝氏体,当温度≥1050℃时,主要获得粗大的板条状贝氏体。增大变形量在未再结晶和部分再结晶区分别促进针状铁素体转变和细条状贝氏体转变,在完全再结晶区使板条状贝氏体组织粗细不一致。采用09MnNb钢在950～1 000℃进行ε≥0.4的热变形淬火时,可获得以细条状贝氏体为主的淬火组织,以及较高且稳定的淬硬性,并有利于后续回火性能的调控。     

工艺参数对耐蚀钢12CuCrNiV组织与性能的影响

采用热力模拟试验机、光学显微镜、显微硬度计研究了耐蚀钢12CuCrNiV在不同冷却速率下的连续冷却组织转变规律,并绘制其CCT曲线,同时研究了形变温度和冷却速度对耐蚀钢热变形后的组织和硬度的影响规律。结果表明:连续冷却转变情况下,耐腐蚀钢在冷速小于15℃/s时,有铁素体转变;冷速小于1℃/s时,有珠光体转变;冷速在0.5~20℃/s之间时,有贝氏体转变。控制冷速在5~15℃/s可得到铁素体和贝氏体复相组织。随变形温度的降低,试验钢形变过程中形变诱导铁素体相变现象显著,且伴随有M/A岛生成;随冷却速度的增高,形变诱导相变现象减弱,M/A岛数量减少。与连续冷却试验相比较,形变诱导析出现象明显,其硬度增量为40~50HV,形变可使试验钢的析出向更高冷速移动。     

Effect of Cooling Rate and Deformation on Microstructures and Critical Phase-Transformation Temperature of Boron-Nickel Added HSLA H-Beams

 Microstructures and critical phase-transformation temperature of boron-nickel added Nb-treated high strength low alloy (HSLA) H-beams cooled at different cooling rate, with different deformation were investigated. Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram of this new type of steel was obtained by using Gleeble 1500 thermomechanical simulator. Microstructures and hardness, especially micro-hardness of the experimental steel were investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Rockwell and Vickers hardness tests. Phase analysis was also studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that with increase of cooling rate, microstructures of continuous cooled specimens gradually transformed from polygonal ferrite and pearlite, grain boundary ferrite and bainite, bainite and martensite to single martensite. The CCT diagram revealed that slow cooling was needed to avoid austenite-bainite transformation to ensure toughness of this steel. By plastic deformation of 40%, austenite-ferrite transformation temperature increased by 46 ℃, due to deformation induced ferrite transformation during continuous cooling, but Rockwell hardness has little change.     

奥氏体状态对 Mn-Cr 齿轮钢连续冷却相变组织的影响

使用Cleeblel500热模拟试验机研究了成分(%)为：0.23C,0.74Mn,0.90Cr 齿轮钢奥氏体晶粒尺 寸和变形(真应变量0.4)对连续冷却相变组织的影响和连续转变冷却(CCT)曲线。实验结果表明,当齿轮钢 未变形时,获得完全多边形铁素体+珠光体混合组织的临界冷速为0.5~1℃/s,冷速较快时,中温相变产物 由贝氏体及针状铁素体组成;奥氏体变形时,多边形铁素体相变开始温度升高,获得完全多边形铁素体+珠光 体混合组织冷速增大,为1~2℃/s,中温相变产物没有出现贝氏体,只有针状铁素体。     

形变热处理工艺对马氏体和贝氏体金相组织的影响

在热模拟试验机上模拟了形变热处理工艺 ,并对淬火后获得的马氏体和贝氏体组织进行了观察分析。结果表明 :奥氏体未结晶区变形并淬火后 ,马氏体包的尺寸增大 ,而马氏体束的尺寸明显减小并发生弯曲。在贝氏体相变中 ,变形促进了铁素体的析出 ,且贝氏体晶粒细化的效果非常明显     

低碳锰(铌)钢控轧控冷实验研究

通过TMCP研究了低碳锰钢和添加微量Nb的低碳锰铌钢的组织和力学性能的影响因素.研究了Nb对实验钢显微组织和力学性能的影响.Nb的添加能够细化铁素体晶粒,促进铁素体转变,对贝氏体形成有一定的抑制作用.相对低碳锰钢来说,铌的加入减少了贝氏体的体积分数,贝氏体强化效果减弱,钢的屈强比升高.通过增加冷速和降低卷取温度,可以使低碳锰铌钢获得一定量的贝氏体,综合性能较佳.低碳锰铌钢的主要强化机制有细晶强化、贝氏体相变强化和析出强化.     

Effect of Thermo‐Mechanical Process on Phase Transformation Behaviors of V–Ti–N Microalloyed Steel

Thermo‐mechanical simulation tests were performed on V–Ti–N microalloyed steel under three hot working conditions by using Gleeble‐3800 thermo‐mechanical simulator to study the effects of hot deformation and post‐deformation holding process on the continuous cooling transformation behaviors of overcooled austenite. The continuous cooling transformation diagrams (CCT diagrams) were determined by thermal dilation method and metallographic method. The effects of the hot deformation, post‐deformation holding, and cooling rate on the microstructure evolution were analyzed. The results show that deformation promotes ferrite and pearlite transformation. In addition, deformation leads to an increase in bainite start temperature, which becomes more markedly with the increase in cooling rate. The post‐deformation holding process is much favorable to promote carbonitride precipitation of the microalloying elements, which contributes to ferrite nucleation and smaller austenite grains. As a result, an increase in ferrite quantity and a decrease in ferrite grain size can be observed. And further more, the post‐deformation holding process reduces the effect of hot deformation on the bainite start temperature.     

Study on transformation behavior of hot- rolled microalloyed TRIP steel

Effects of deformation mode, deformation temperature, deformation rate, cooling rate and slow- cooling stop temperature on the transformation behavior of hot- rolled microalloyed TRIP steel were studied by means of MMS- 300 thermomechanical simulator. The results show that for the samples subjected to the single or double pass deformation, ferrite transformation area is expanded, pearlite transformation area appears, and martensite transformation area disappears in the continuous cooling transformation diagrams. Transformation temperatures of Ar3, Bs and Bf decrease, diffusional transformation is prevented and intermediate temperature transformation is promoted with the increase of deformation temperature or cooling rate. When deformation temperature is 850??, transformation temperatures of Ar3, Bs and Bf increase, the amount of ferrite also increases, and the amount of bainite decreases in the microstructure with the increase of deformation rate. With the decrease of slow- cooling stop temperature, ferrite amount increases, ferrite grains grow and retained austenite amount first increases and then decreases.     

贝氏体形态对细晶铁素体/贝氏体双相钢室温力学性能的影响

基于过冷奥氏体动态相变的思想,通过两道次压缩变形结合控制冷却的热模拟轧制工艺,获得不同贝氏体含量及形态的细晶铁素体贝氏体双相钢。通过显微组织观察及力学性能测试,考察了第二相贝氏体特征对双相钢室温拉伸变形行为的影响。研究结果表明,形变后快速冷却可获得无碳板条状贝氏体,较慢的冷速或在贝氏体转变区保温处理可获得粒状贝氏体。贝氏体体积分数大于20%左右的细晶铁素体/贝氏体双相钢具有低的屈服强度,高的抗拉强度,高的伸长率,低屈强比以及连续屈服特性。屈服强度既与铁素体晶粒尺寸相关,也与贝氏体形态和数量相关。板条贝氏体引起的屈服强度提高大于粒状贝氏体,粒状贝氏体具有比板条贝氏体更好的塑性。     

Effect of Composition and Deformation on Coarse-Grained Austenite Transformation in Nb-Mo Microalloyed Steels

Thermomechanical processing of microalloyed steels containing niobium can be performed to obtain deformed austenite prior to transformation. Accelerated cooling can be employed to refine the final microstructure and, consequently, to improve both strength and toughness. This general rule is fulfilled if the transformation occurs on a quite homogeneous austenite microstructure. Nevertheless, the presence of coarse austenite grains before transformation in different industrial processes is a usual source of concern, and regarding toughness, the coarsest high-angle boundary units would determine its final value. Sets of deformation dilatometry tests were carried out using three 0.06 pct Nb microalloyed steels to evaluate the effect of Mo alloying additions (0, 0.16, and 0.31 pct Mo) on final transformation from both recrystallized and unrecrystallized coarse-grained austenite. Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams were created, and detailed microstructural characterization was achieved through the use of optical microscopy (OM), field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The resultant microstructures ranged from polygonal ferrite (PF) and pearlite (P) at slow cooling ranges to bainitic ferrite (BF) accompanied by martensite (M) for fast cooling rates. Plastic deformation of the parent austenite accelerated both ferrite and bainite transformation, moving the CCT curves to higher temperatures and shorter times. However, an increase in the final heterogeneity was observed when BF packets were formed, creating coarse high-angle grain boundary units.     

低碳微合金管线钢的连续冷却相变及组织研究

通过Gleeble 3800热模拟试验机测定了该低碳微合金管线钢的静态（无热变形）和动态连续冷却相变曲线,并通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜对连续冷却后的组织进行了详细观察和分析。发现随着冷却速度的提高,在连续冷却转变组织中依次出现多边形铁素体（PF）、珠光体（P）、针状铁素体（AF）、粒状贝氏体（GB）和下贝氏体（LB）。在未再结晶区的热变形使C曲线发生左移,扩大了试样的针状铁素体区,并使得相变后的组织得到细化。     

低碳微合金管线钢的连续冷却相变及组织研究

通过Gleeble 3800热模拟试验机测定了该低碳微合金管线钢的静态（无热变形）和动态连续冷却相变曲线,并通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜对连续冷却后的组织进行了详细观察和分析。发现随着冷却速度的提高,在连续冷却转变组织中依次出现多边形铁素体（PF）、珠光体（P）、针状铁素体（AF）、粒状贝氏体（GB）和下贝氏体（LB）。在未再结晶区的热变形使C曲线发生左移,扩大了试样的针状铁素体区,并使得相变后的组织得到细化。     

Bainite transformation in deformed austenite

In this work the effect of deformation of metastable austenite on its subsequent isothermal decomposition in bainite regions was investigated in three chromium steels with varying carbon contents. Four different types of treatments were used and the effect of carbon content was studied. Results of the kinetic measurements and of structural changes showed that the most important feature of these treatments was formation of narrow ferrite strips along the slip bands in austenite, which preceded formation of bainite of the usual morphology. A marked dependency of this ferrite strips formation on temperature suggests that the over-all transformation would strongly depend on deformation and recovery processes in austenite and on their mutual relation. A new qualitative model of the bainite transformation in deformed austenite is presented.     

Nb对C Si Mn Cr双相钢相变规律、组织和性能的影响

  根据C Si Mn Cr和C Si Mn Cr Nb实验钢的相变规律,在实验室进行了控轧控冷实验研究,分析了微合金元素Nb对高强度热轧双相钢相变规律、组织和性能的影响。实验结果表明,Nb可显著推迟铁素体和珠光体转变,并显著降低铁素体开始转变温度,但对铁素体终止转变温度和贝氏体转变温度区间基本没有影响。经Nb微合金化后,实验钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度增幅均在100 MPa以上,屈服强度的增幅高于抗拉强度,且在强度大幅度升高的同时,伸长率下降并不明显,表明Nb的细晶强化作用对提高中温卷取热轧双相钢强度级别的效果明显。     

Microstructure transformation behaviour of 610MPa HSLA Steel Plate for 150,000 m3 Oil Storage Tank Construction

 Static and dynamic continuous cooling transformation (CCT) on 610MPa HSLA Steel Plate for 150,000 m3 Oil Storage Tank Construction were carried out on a MMS200 thermo-mechanical simulation system. It has found that with cooling rate increases pre-eutectoid ferrite, pearlite, granular bainite and lathing bainite will appear in the transformed microstructure. In comparison with static CCT, the transforming points of acicular ferrite, granular bainite and lathing bainite in the dynamic CCT curve shift to the left proving an increased acicular ferrite and bainite transformation area.     

Bainite Transformation Under Continuous Cooling of Nb-Microalloyed Low Carbon Steel

Utilizing Gleeble-1500 thermomechanical simulator, the influences of hot deformation parameters on continuous cooling bainite transformation in Nb-microalloyed low carbon steel were investigated. The results indicate that bainite starting temperature decreases with raising cooling rate and increases with increasing deformation temperature. Deformation has an accelerative effect on the bainite transformation when the specimens are deformed at 950 ℃. When the deformation temperature increases, the effect of deformation on bainite starting temperature is weakened. The amount of bainite is influenced by strain, cooling rate, and deformation temperature. When the specimens are deformed below 900 ℃, equiaxed ferrites are promoted and the bainite transformation is suppressed.     

终轧温度对低硅含磷系TRIP钢组织性能的影响

通过实验室热轧试验,研究了不同终轧温度下低硅含磷系热轧TRIP钢的组织特征及性能特点。结果表明：终轧温度由900℃降低到790℃,铁素体体积分数增加,贝氏体体积分数降低,残余奥氏体体积分数变化不太明显;终轧温度900和820℃时,得到贝氏体为基体的室温组织;终轧温度降低到790℃时,低温变形促进了奥氏体到铁素体的相变率...