国产和进口10Cr转子钢高温持久性能和组织演化

为掌握国产超超临界汽轮机转子10Cr钢的性能特点,进行了国产和进口10Cr钢的对比研究。首先介绍了汽轮机转子钢的发展和国内外10Cr钢的研究情况。以国产和进口10Cr转子钢为研究对象,通过高温持久试验、光学金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等手段,对比研究了二者高温持久性能和微观组织演化。结果表明,进口10Cr转子钢在595℃高温持久强度要优于国产材料。二者组织演化规律相似,随时间的延长,M_(23)C_6、MX、Laves几类不同析出相依次析出、聚集和长大。同时发现国产材料中存在尺寸较大的富Nb相,可能会对国产材料的性能带来不利影响。     

NiCrMoV和NiCr转子钢回火脆性的研究(Ⅰ)——脆性方程及脆性动力学

基于Takayama等的工作,本文中推导出在NiCr和NiCrMoV转子钢中表达由P和Sn导致回火脆性的脆性方程。本研究考虑到了两种杂质的配合、晶粒尺寸、材料强度以及显微结构(马氏体和贝氏体)对脆性的影响。工作中发现,为简单的含有一种杂质的用于NiCr模型钢的脆性方程可能修正并应用于更复杂的条件。 观察到了在NiCrMoV转子钢中存在着三阶段式的脆性动力学曲线。这种多阶段的、延迟的脆性是含Mo钢的一种特征。在高温长期时效时,由于亚稳定的M_3C相向更稳定的M_2C和M_(23)C_6相的脱溶和或相变,形成了富Mo的碳化物。这就相应地对P的视在脆化能力有影响,并是三阶段式动力学以及塑脆转变温度(FATT)在长期时效时连续增高的原因。     

低活化铁素体/马氏体钢的研究进展

 介绍了国内外低活化铁素体/马氏体(RAFM)钢的研究进展及发展趋势;分析了RAFM钢中可能出现的合金元素的作用以及辐照前后RAFM钢的组织结构、辐照硬化及辐照脆性现象。认为通过沉淀强化与弥散强化手段可以提高现有RAFM钢的高温力学性能;12Cr3W RAFM钢与氧化物弥散强化RAFM钢是很有希望的超临界水堆包壳管用候选结构材料。     

26Cr2Ni4MoV转子钢的奥氏体再结晶及其消除组织遗传

以大型发电机及汽轮机转子用钢为对象,研究了奥氏体再结晶及消除组织遗传的原因,以及不同加热制度对奥氏体再结晶消除组织遗传的影响规律。     

IF钢二次加工脆化性能的评定与研究

针对IF钢板成形后出现的加工脆化现象,对马钢生产的冷轧IF钢二次加工脆化进行检验评定。试验结果表明:马钢IF钢的韧脆转变温度为-60℃,冲杯破裂断口为沿晶与解理混合脆性断口,并对影响IF钢二次加工脆性的因素进行了阐述。     

高铬铁素体不锈钢00Cr26Ni6Mo4CuTi的脆性相研究

由于高铬铁素体不锈钢的脆性问题十分突出,在实验室进行了00Cr26Ni6Mo4CuTi钢的固溶、时效试验,研究了加热温度及保温时间对钢中脆性相的影响,找出00Cr26Ni6Mo4CuTi钢脆性相的析出规律,分析了脆性相对钢组织与性能的影响。结果表明:在1 010~1 030℃采用快冷固溶,经过550℃×(3~4)h时效,可使材料的强度、塑性和韧性达到最优。     

NiCrMoV转子钢回火脆性的研究(Ⅲ)——某些合金元素(锰、钼)对回火脆性敏感性的影响

本文就某些合金元素Mo和Mn加入到NiCrMoV转子钢中对回火脆性敏感性的影响进行了研究。当加入0.3％Mn以后,该钢的塑脆转变温度(FATT)在所有的时效时间都比不含Mn的相同钢大约提高了一倍。尽管Mn-P有某种共偏聚效果,但FATT的提高主要与Mn本身对晶界结合强度的固有影响以及P的脆化能力提高有关。 比较NiCr转子钢和NiCrMoV转子钢的杂质导致的脆性行为,根据FATT的测定就可清楚地看到Mo的有益贡献。试验结果显示了Mo的清扫剂作用,在体内Mo-P的交互作用而抑制了脆性,Mo与P在晶界的共偏聚从而降低了磷的脆化能力。本文还报告了在长时时效时碳化物中富集磷的试验结果。     

基于多支持向量机齿轮钢淬透性预报方法的研究

由于齿轮钢淬透性与钢的化学成分和组织结构间存在非常复杂的关系,传统方法难以建立准确的预测模型。针对这一问题,提出了一种多支持向量机的建模方法,将影响淬透性的各因素按其相关性进行分类,根据分类结果确定子模型个数和子模型的输入。同时,为保证模型具有更好的拟合精度和泛化能力,在模型的训练中采用遗传算法对支持向量机进行参数寻优。仿真结果表明,采用多支持向量机建立的钢材淬透性预测模型具有更高的预测精度。     

退火和冷变形对4Cr9Si2冷拉钢材劈裂的影响

本文研究了退火热处理制度和冷变形对4Cr9Si2钢的显微组织、力学性能以及对其冷拉劈裂的影响.用断裂韧度、缺口冲击试验评定钢的脆性倾向.试验结果表明,影响4Cr9Si2钢冷拉劈裂的主要因素是钢的冷变形,其次是退火过程中形成的回火脆性.各种退火制度对冷拉钢脆性劈裂的影响较小.为了防止冷拉4Cr9Si2钢的劈裂需特别注意控制钢材表面的缺陷尺寸.     

热轧钢板桩SY390BZ的低温冲击韧性

试验用热轧钢板桩SY390BZ材料(%,0.23C、0.44Si、0.91 Mn、0.06V、0.010P、0.002S)用55 kg真空感应炉冶炼并铸成Φ170 mm圆锭,轧成12 mm板,平轧最后一道次的压下量为20%,终轧温度880～900℃,空冷.测定了该钢的韧脆性转变温度,采用Quanta 400型扫描电镜和Olympus GX71型光学显微镜观察20～60℃低温冲击断口和组织形貌.结果表明,室温时断口为大而多的等轴韧窝,具有较高的韧性(130 J);-40℃时,断口形貌韧窝比较小,而且非常浅,其韧性降低至30 J;用能量法计算得出其脆性转变温度为-30℃;钢中出现了带状组织以及Al2O3夹杂导致冲击韧性较低.     

Acceleration of Electricity Reform Brings Benefit to Big Electricity Users,Aluminum Manufacturers Can Save Costs Up to Several Hundred Million

<正>Recently the National Commission of Development and Reform again assembled experts to solicit opinions,and discussed new electricity reform program.According to information disclosed by experts attending the meeting,in the future electricity reform will undergo top-down design,possibly a     

Qinghai's Aluminum Processing Capacity to Rise at the End of the Year

正Since the release of Implementation Opinions on Carrying out‘Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Resolving Serious Production Overcapacity Conflicts’,according to the actual situation of industry,Qinghai has focused on electrolytic aluminum,cement,ironsteel(including iron alloy and silicon carbide),     

Recent Trends in China's Copper Scrap Market-Part Ⅱ

<正>2.Tianjin Scrap Metal Market In Tianjin,we mainly visited Jinghai Ziy Town scrap market and Binhai New Area’some copper scrap enterprises and enterprise using copper scrap.In Ziya we felt the coppe scrap market was particularly deserted,mos copper scrap enterprises in the town wer closed,industry insiders said in 2012 the plac here was bustling with activity.According to     

Shanghai Clearing House to Roll out Renminbi-denominated Copper Clearing Operations in Free Trade Zone

正Clearing House Financial Markets Co.,Ltd.(Shanghai Clearing House)General Manager Xie Zhong told the media recently at the briefing of the international symposium of"Reform Deepening and Mechanism Innovation of the Post-crisis Kerb Market",Shanghai Clearing House will explore the feasibility of carrying out bond business in     

Development and Application of New Materials for Copper Processing in China

正After over 60 years of developmnt,a system for RD and production of copper processing materials has already taken shape in China.After the reform and opening-up,the application of copper processing materials has gradually expanded from the military industry to civil field.The annual output of copper     

China’s Mineral Exploration Market Downturn Causes Decline of Investment in Bauxite

<正>According to a survey report conducted recently by China Geological Survey Development Research Center,in the first half of 2014,China’s mineral exploration market continued to decline,with the investment in exploration of non-fuel minerals dropping by13.7%and drilling workload dropping by21.7%.According to statistical analysis of the Center,     

Fabricated Copper Production by Province or City in 2014

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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China's Aluminum Alloy Cable Market has Taken Shape

正Aluminum alloy cable is a mature product and technology that has been used for nearly fifty years in the U.S.Through six years’promotion,it has been widely recognized and accepted in the China market since 2013,which laid the foundation for the development of the aluminum alloy cable market.Aluminum alloy cable is widely applied in the fields of civil construction and industrial and mining enterprises,especially in real estate,steel and metallurgy.     

Qinghai to Build a 100 Billion Yuan Lithium Industry Base

正At 2014 China Qinghai Trade Fair for Green Development Investment,Qinghai EV Rally2014 was introduced for the first time.With electrical vehicles’eco-friendly features,Qinghai manifested its determination on green development.Introducing Qinghai EV Rally was just a signal.By leveraging its rich salt lake resources