Mg~(2+)掺杂对0.8Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3-0.2Bi_(0.5)K_(0.5)TiO_3陶瓷电学性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备了Mg~(2+)掺杂的0.8Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_3-0.2Bi_(0.5)K_(0.5)TiO_3陶瓷,对其相结构、铁电性能、介电性能性能和阻抗特性进行了研究。X射线衍射测试发现所有样品均具有单一的钙钛矿相结构,表明Mg~(2+)能完全融入钙钛矿结构晶格中。所有样品都表现出铁电特性,Mg~(2+)掺杂遵循3Mg~(2+)?3Mg_(Ti)~"+V_O~(··),会显著促进陶瓷中氧空位缺陷的增多,掺杂量在2mol%以上时会引起陶瓷介电性能的显著降低。     

Sm_(0.5-x)Ba_xSr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)-30% GDC复合阴极电化学性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶-低温燃烧法制备Sm_(0.5-x)Ba_xSr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(x=0~0.20)系列粉体,并掺入30%GDC(Ce_(0.9)Gd_(0.1)O_(1.95))制成复合阴极SBSCF-30GDC。利用XRD衍射仪和扫描电镜对材料的结构和微观形貌进行分析,用电化学工作站测量其对称阴极的交流阻抗谱。结果表明,制备的Sm_(0.5-x)Ba_xSr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)样品,当x=0时为斜方六面体,当x0为单一的立方钙钛矿结构。随着Ba含量的增加,衍射峰的角度向低角度方向偏移。随着温度的升高,各个成分的电极极化电阻减小。     

Effect of Eu~(3+) contents on structure and luminescence properties of Na_3Bi_(2–x)(PO_4)_3:xEu~(3+) and Na_3Bi_(1–x)(PO_4)_2:xEu~(3+) phosphors

A series of Na_3Bi_(2–x)(PO_4)_3:xEu~(3+) and Na_3Bi_(1–x)(PO_4)_2:xEu~(3+) phosphors were successfully synthesized by solid-state method.The structure and luminescence properties were carefully investigated.The excitation spectra presented an obvious excitation band,and the peak was located at 396 nm,which matched well with the popular emissions from near-UV light-emitting diode chips.With the phase of Na_3Bi_(2–x)(PO_4)_3:xEu~(3+) changing to that of Na_3Bi_(1–x)(PO_4)_2:xEu~(3+),the intensity of magnetic dipole transition(~5D_0→F_1) at 598 nm became stronger than that of electric dipole transition(~5D_0→~7F_2) at 621 nm.Under 396 nm excitation,the chromaticity coordinates and the decay curves of the entitled phosphors were also investigated.Based on all experiments without concentration quenching,we could control the luminescence intensity of the material by adjusting the doping amount of the active ions.All results indicated that Na_3Bi_(2–x)(PO_4)_3:xEu~(3+) and Na_3Bi_(1–x)(PO_4)_2:xEu~(3+) phosphors have potential application as red phosphors in near UV chip-based white light emitting diodes.     

R_2Co_(14)B和Nd_2(Fe_(1-x)Co_x)_(14)B单晶的磁化强度与磁晶各向异性

测定了R_2Co_(14)B(R为La、Nd和Gd)和Nd_2(Fe_(1-x)Cox)_(14)B单晶试样的磁化强度和各向异性场。La_2Co_(14)B室温下的易磁化方向是[110],其中Co的亚晶格具有易面各向异性,4.2K时,K_1=-1.30MJ/m~3。稀土离子在R_2Co_(14)B中的交换场比在R_2Fe_(14)B中要小,这就导致了稀土亚晶格的磁化强度和各向异性场随温度升高而迅速下降。由于Co的易面各向异性及R—Co的交换效应较R—Fe弱,这就导致在300K～500K温度范围内,Nd_2(Fe_(1-x)Cox)_(14)B的各向异性场变得几乎与Co的浓度无关。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_(0.9)Eu_(0.1))_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7的磁性和电输运性的研究

采用传统固相法制备钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_(0.9)Eu_(0.1))_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7多晶样品。通过XRD表明,样品(La_(0.9)Eu_(0.1))_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7呈现单相性良好;通过对磁化强度随温度变化(M-T)、磁化强度在不同温度下随磁场变化曲线(M-H)和电子自旋共振ESR谱线表明,随着温度的升高,样品先后经历了三维长程铁磁有序转变点(T_C~(3D)≈75 K)和二维短程铁磁有序转变点(T_C~(2D)≈227 K),在T_C~(3D)与T_C~(2D)之间,系统处于铁磁与顺磁混合态;当温度达到360 K系统进入纯顺磁态,另外样品在低温区(T_C~(3D)以下)出现类团簇自旋玻璃特征。通过磁电阻随温度变化的ρ-T曲线,在T≈84 K附近,样品出现最大磁电阻。而且通过对(La_(0.9)Eu_(0.1))_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7的ρ-T曲线拟合,得到样品在高温区域的导电方式为热激活模型。     

(Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2))(Pr_kZr_(1-k))_4O_x催化剂的制备及其乙醇水蒸气重整催化性能

用共沉淀法制备Pr_kZr_(1-k)O_y载体,浸渍法制备(Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2))(Pr_kZr_(1-k))_4O_x系列催化剂,并将其用于乙醇水蒸气重整反应。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、程序升温还原(TPR)和比表面积测试(BET)对催化剂的晶体结构、还原特性和比表面积进行表征。结果显示,催化剂具备立方晶相ZrO_2骨架;Pr组分可以进入到ZrO_2的晶格中,随着Pr比例的增加,载体和催化剂中ZrO_2骨架的晶格常数都有所增加,(Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2))(Pr_(0.2)Zr_(0.8))_4O_x催化剂显示出最好的还原活性、高温ESR活性和H_2选择性。以SDBS为分散剂制备出的(Ni_(0.8)Fe_(0.2))(Pr_(0.2)Zr_(0.8))_4O_x催化剂具有更大的比表面积,其催化活性更高,在600℃时乙醇转化率可达99.37%,H_2、CO、CH_4和CO_2的摩尔分数分别为76.43%、3.55%、8.45%和11.65%,在整个反应过程中未发现催化剂失活。     

H_2O_2-Fe_2(SO_4)_3-H_2SO_4体系中辉铜矿的浸取研究

以H_2O_2和Fe_2(SO_4)_3为氧化剂、NaCl为助浸剂,在H_2SO_4溶液中浸出辉铜矿中的铜。结果表明,在反应温度85℃,反应时间180 min,H_2O_2、Fe_2(SO_4)_3、NaCl、H_2SO_4浓度分别为0.2、0.25、0.5、0.5mol/L的条件下,铜浸出率可达94.33%。采用XRD和EDS等手段对不同反应时间浸出残渣进行了表征与分析,初步揭示了辉铜矿浸取反应历程。     

Hf~(4+)掺杂对0.65Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.4)K_(0.1)TiO_3-0.35Ba_(0.1)Sr_(0.9)TiO_3陶瓷电学性能的影响

采用固相反应法制备了0.65Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.4)K_(0.1)TiO_3-0.35Ba_(0.1)Sr_(0.9)TiO_3(简写为B1S9Hf100x,x=0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08)陶瓷。对其相结构、铁电性能、介电性能性能和阻抗特性进行了研究。X射线衍射测试发现所有样品均具有单一的钙钛矿相结构,表明Hf~(4+)能完全融入钙钛矿结构晶格中。介电性能分析表明陶瓷的介电性能随Hf~(4+)含量的增加并非呈现线性变化,B1S9Hf4表现出最弱的介电性能。对阻抗数据分析表明晶粒电导起主要作用,氧空位的长程迁移成为控制电导性能的主要因素。     

采用硫酸-还原剂浸出工艺从废旧锂离子电池中回收LiNi_(0.6)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.2)O_2

采用H_2SO_4-还原剂浸出工艺处理废旧锂离子电池正极材料(LiNi_(0.6)Mn_(0.2)Co_(0.2)O_2),研究了H_2SO_4浓度以及浸出温度对有价金属元素浸出的影响,确定了浸出过程中适宜的H_2SO_4浓度为2 mol/L,浸出温度为40℃。在H_2SO_4浓度为2mol/L、原料与浸出剂比例为100g/L、浸出时间为2h、浸出温度为40℃、搅拌速度为500r/min的优化条件下,通过单因素实验考察了还原剂H_2O_2、C_6H_(12)O_6、Na_2SO_3对有价金属浸出的影响。结果显示,还原剂H_2O_2、C_6H_(12)O_6、Na_2SO_3的最佳添加量分别为4.5%、80g/L、60g/L。通过正交实验考察了混合还原剂的影响,结果表明当还原剂组成为120g/L C_6H_(12)O_6和100g/L Na_2SO_3时,Co、Li、Mn、Ni浸出率分别为93.51%、92.68%、95.61%、92.93%,Al浸出率仅达到18.57%。与单个还原剂相比,通过改变混合还原剂的组成,可在不明显降低有价金属(Li、Ni、Mn、Co)浸出率的情况下,控制杂质金属Al的浸出。另外,对于Al、Li的浸出,影响因素的主次关系分别为:Na_2SO_3C_6H_(12)O_6H_2O_2、H_2O_2Na_2SO_3C_6H_(12)O_6;对于Co、Mn、Ni的浸出,影响因素的主次关系为C_6H_(12)O_6H_2O_2Na_2SO_3。     

容量型锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_2的合成

采用共沉淀法合成Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)(OH)_2前驱体,将前驱体和LiOH混合均匀后经高温煅烧合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_2,并对其进行电化学性能检测。试验表明,制备的电池在电压2.8～4.3V(vs.Li/Li+)区间内,0.1C倍率下的首次库伦效率为88.4%;在1C倍率下循环100次后,放电比容量为157.7mAh/g,容量保持率为96.6%。     

双层微孔金属气体分离膜的参数搭配关系

渗透性和粘流率是气体扩散分离膜的两个主要特性。根据其定义，推导出用于混合气体（H2-N2，H2－CO2和H2－CH4）分离的双层微孔金属膜的多数搭配关系式，并分析了骨架层渗透位变化对双层膜分离性能的影响。在此基础上，提出分离膜的理想结构。     

合金元素对Co3Ti力学性能的影响

Ｃｏ３Ｔｉ是ＬＴ２型长程有序金属间化合物,具有优良的高温性能,可望成为新型的高温结构材料,但由于存在着固有脆性,使其应用推广受到限制。对此本文较系统地研究了几中不同聚代行为的合金元素Ｃｏ３Ｔｉ从低温到高温力学性能的影响,并对其韧化规律进行发初步的探讨。     

铈锆氧化物固溶体前驱物热分解动力学的研究

采用固相法制备了纳米级铈锆氧化物固溶体,对铈锆氧化物固溶体前驱物热分解动力学进行了研究。利用热重、差热分析等方法推测了前驱物的热分解机制。用Kissinger法计算前驱体的热分解活化能,Ea=137.80 kJ.mol^-1。通过Coats-Redfern法,采用不同的固相动力学反应机制研究前驱体的热分解动力学,确定其机制函数为：G（a）=[-ln（1-a）]1/2,判断前驱体热分解反应为随机成核-随后生长机制。     

Effect of microelements on microstructures and properties of Al-1. 2Mg-1. 3Si-0. 6Cu-0. 3Mn alloy

In order to save energy and protect environmentin automobile industry, one of the important methodsis to reduce the automotive weight[1 ～4]. Since the a-luminum alloys showsuch as high specific strength,good formability, good corrosion resistance, and re-cycling potential, they are said to be the ideal candi-date to replace heavier materials in the automotiveindustry[5 ～7].Recently, the heat -treatable 6000series aluminum alloys have been considered as theperfect light-weight material for au…     

Sintered Fe08%C10%Si04%Cu P/M Steel Preform Behaviour During Cold Upsetting

Cold upsetting experiments were carried out on sintered Fe 0.8%C1.0%Si-0. 4%Cu steel preforms in order to evaluate their deformation characteristics. Powder preforms of 86 % of theoretical density, with two different ratios of height to diameter, were prepared using a suitable die set assembly on a 1.0 MN capacity hydraulic testing machine. Sintering was carried out in an electric muffle furnace for 1.5 h at 1 150 ℃. Each sintered compact was subjected to incremental loading of 0.04 MN under dry friction condition till a crack appeared at the free surfaces. The experimental results were critically analysed, the stress as a function of strain and densification was obtained, then the work hardening behaviour was analyzed. It has been found that in the process of enhancing densification, strength and strain hardening is also induced during upsetting, but the work hardening behaviour is not homogenously enhanced against strain and densification.     

加快科技进步 促进生产发展

介绍了该厂经营、管理的经验。包括：引进。聘用专业技术人才；进行专业技术培训；创造名牌产品；调整产品结构，不断开发新产品；搞好革新改造；强化销售等。     

国内热等静压技术的若干应用

介绍了HIP技术在（1）各种铸件处理；（2）硬质合金致密出；（3）粉末团结；（4）铍组件；（5）复合材料；（6）压力浸渗；（7）高压触头及电极材料；（8）陶瓷材料等方面的国内应用情况，并就HIP工艺制度的选择和需注意的问题作了简要的分析和介绍。     

铁基胎体玻璃打孔器的研究

研究了不同的铜含量对玻璃打孔器铁基胎体组织争性能的影响，通过显微镜观察了打孔器在凌用后金刚石的脱落情况，结果表明，当铜含量为16％～18％时，铁基胎体对金刚石的把持力优于银含量为14％和20％时，并支现了铁和镍在金刚石表面的明显富集，证明形成了碳化物，改善了胎体对金刚石的润湿性。