LF—VD过程控制硫化物夹杂级别的研究

从LF／VD的脱氧工艺,钢中的[S]、Als含量以及搅拌状况等方面对硫化物夹杂级别的控制做了试验研究,其结果表明：Ca合金脱氧对其影响重大;[S]含量≤0.004%时可以使硫化物夹杂的评级控制在1级以下;即使在低Als状态下,硫化物夹杂仍以Ⅱ类形式析出;搅拌的作用具有多重性。     

Y15高硫易切削钢氧含量与硫化物形态控制工艺

西宁特钢Y15易切削钢(%:0.10～0.15C、1.00～1.20Mn、0.30S)由25 t EAF-LF-657 kg铸锭流程生产。试验结果表明,通过控制电弧炉氧化终点[C]0.06%～0.10%和脱氧工艺将[O]控制在(150～250)×10^-6,控制钢中Mn/S=2.77、O/S=0.059时,钢中夹杂物大多数为(Mn,Fe)S和硫化物包裹氧化物,少数为MnS,使钢具有良好的切削性能。     

低碳低硅含铝钢CAS直接连铸的生产实践

为降低成本,对低碳低硅含铝钢采用CAS处理直接连铸的工艺进行生产,针对钢水成分及钢水流动性难以控制等问题,分析认为,CAS渣碱度和氧化性以及CAS处理的吹氩搅拌是影响脱氧及钢水流动性的主要因素。通过优化控制转炉终点、出钢过程以及CAS处理的吹氩和[S]、[Als]、[Mn]成分优化控制,确保了钢水的流动性。低碳低硅含铝钢CAS直接连铸率80%,吨钢降低精炼电耗30 k W·h。     

夹杂物对低合金钢点蚀诱发敏感性的影响

为了进一步提高低合金钢的抗点蚀性能,采用Ti/Al脱氧及Ca处理工艺熔炼并轧制制备了试验钢。利用场发射扫描电镜及能谱仪(SEM-EDS)、电化学极化试验及浸蚀前、后夹杂物的原位观测,研究了不同脱氧工艺钢中夹杂物在模拟海水介质中诱导点蚀的行为。结果表明:与Al脱氧钢相比,Ti脱氧钢中形成了富含Ti Ox、数量更多、尺寸更细小的夹杂物,有利于Mn S的局部分散析出,降低其诱发点蚀的危害,采用Ti脱氧工艺有助于提高钢的抗点蚀性能;Mn S诱发点蚀的能力强于氧化物夹杂,点蚀优先在Mn S夹杂与基体的界面处及夹杂物曲率半径小的区域萌生;降低夹杂物的腐蚀活性应该以调控夹杂物的组成为基础,其次优化夹杂物的形貌(球形化),在微米级范围内,夹杂物尺寸对点蚀诱发的影响最小。     

300t-BOF-RH-CC流程冶炼Ti-IF钢夹杂物的衍变行为

试验Ti-IF钢(/%:≤0.003 5C,≤0.03Si,0.08~0.20Mn,≤0.025P,≤0.015S,0.05~0.07Ti,0.030~0.055Als,≤0.004 0N)BOF终点[C]0.03%~0.06%,终点[O]0.003 0%~0.060 0%,出钢过程加石灰和含Al钢包顶渣改质剂,RH终渣组成/%:53.38CaO,7.05FeO,1.01MnO,31.4Al_2O_3,5.7MgO,0.3P_2O_5,0.022S。RH精炼过程取样分析表明,通过加顶渣改质剂,控制8%(FeO+MnO),CaO/Al_2O_3=1.7,能较好去除钢中夹杂物,精炼过程钢中氧含量逐步下降,铸坯中氧含量为0.001 4%,氮含量为0.001 5%;脱碳结束时夹杂物主要为MnO;铝脱氧结束之后为Al_2O_3;合金化后为Al_2O_3及Al-O-Ti复合夹杂物;在铸坯中,前述夹杂物有效去除,但在凝固过程析出TiN夹杂。     

精炼炉去除B类夹杂的试验研究

从脱氧工艺、αFe0、搅拌和变性处理等方面对B类夹杂的去除进行了试验研究。提出了合理的脱氧工艺和能促进B类夹杂去除的工艺参数,为清洁钢的生产提供了依据。     

精炼渣组分对硫易切削钢夹杂物含量和形态的影响

试验分析了50 t LF精炼渣(FeO)、(MnO),R,(CaO)/[(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)]和(S)的控制对[O]指数、硫分配比和Mn/S的影响。结果表明,当(FeO+MnO)=12%,碱度R值1.5~2.0,(CaO)/[(Al₂O₃)(SiO₂)]=1.5~2.0,平均硫分配比LS为4.6,Mn/S值4.3~4.7时,铸态夹杂物为球形Ⅰ类硫化物和部分沿晶界分布的球形硫化物,轧制钢材未发现B、C类夹杂,达到了较好的控制钢中氧化物夹杂和低脱硫率的冶金效果。     

铸态凝固速度对Si—Ca脱氧微Ti低碳钢Ti分布的影响

Si-Ca脱氧微Ti钢以不同冷却速度获得的铸态组织中,存在着许多含Ti氧化物的球形复合夹杂,粗大的TiN夹杂可以以它们为核心而产生,也可以独立存在,部分与硫化物形成复合夹杂。硫化物的组分是多种形式的,有MnS,(Mn,Fe)S及FeS。部分硫化物固溶了少量的Ti,极其细小(大约5nm)弥散析出的TiN的数量及大小受冷却速度的影响很大。总的趋势是:铸态凝固冷却速度对控制Ti的氧化,TiN及其复合夹杂的形成以及含Ti固溶体过饱和度均有较大影响。 文中首先报道了应用AA法获得大夹杂及细小质点完整性的试验结果,并重点介绍铸态凝固冷却速度增加对防止Ti的氧化,减少粗大夹杂及控制细小TiN的析出的结果。     

无铝脱氧在钢轨钢中的应用

攀钢采用无铝脱氧工艺，使钢轨钢中的Als和A12O3夹杂大幅降低，满足了用户对钢轨钢中Als和A12O3夹杂的要求。     

含钛超纯铁素体不锈钢的铝脱氧及钙处理实验研究

通过500 kg真空感应炉对0.007%～0.015%C-15.96%～16.94%Cr-0.08%～0.36%Ti-0.015%～0.124%Al铁索体不锈钢的铝脱氧和钙处理实验,以及相应的热力学计算,对Al、Ti竞争氧化及夹杂物改性进行了研究.结果表明,当[Ti]/[Al]低于2.50时,氧化物夹杂主要为Al2O3,随[Ti]/[Al]的增加,钢中的主要夹杂由Al2O3向MgO-Al2O3-TiOx及Al2O3-TiOx转变,夹杂物平均尺寸逐步减小;钙处理后随[Ca]/[Al](0.01～0.08)的升高,钢中含钙复合夹杂的数量比例增加;包裹形复合夹杂的中心为氧化物,周边为TiN或Ti(CN).     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.