四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

Concept of freedom of infection of animal flocks

Totally negative results of epidemiological investigation of random samples do not prove the absence of the infection as the pathogen may be restricted to only a few animals in the herd for a long time. The statement "absence of infection" is critical for such situations. The question is raised, whether the statement "absence of infection" should be generally avoided. Classification of herds and flocks according to the prevalence of the pathogen would be more valid for the implementation of control measures.     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

Change of the dynamic modulus of elasticity as criterion of the state of oxidation of boron fibers

Conclusions At 723 K, which obviously is the melting point of the oxide B₂O₃, the mechanism of growth of the oxide on BF changes. Below 723 K the activation energy of growth of oxide is equal to 1.0; above 723 K it is equal to 1.7 eV.The suggested method of investigating the oxidation of solids is based on the measurement of the normalized dynamic modulus of elasticity of the specimen in the process of oxidation. This method can be used for studying oxidation from the surface, not only of cylindrical specimens but also of specimens with other cross-sectional profile. It is also applicable in the investigation of intracrystalline corrosion because expression (9), determining the thickness of the oxide film, was obtained on the basis of the ratio of the volume fractions of the phases coexisting in the specimen, independently of the place in the specimen at which the new phase grows and what profile it has. Formula (9) describes some effective thickness of the phase which would grow from the surface if the specimen had cylindrical shape. The change of the effective thickness of the phase in annealing in dependence on time makes it possible to determine the true kinetic parameters of the process because this change corresponds to the change of the volume fraction of the growing phase.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 11, pp. 91–95, November, 1990.     

Rehabilitation of disorders of the breaking of voice

The adolescent's breaking of the voice is the result of the substitution of the chest voice (or heavy mechanism) for the head voice (or light mechanism). In cases of late breaking, the voice is abnormally high-pitched and feeble, often with a distorted timbre, while the larynx is normal and pubescent. Such people are generally not fully aware of their voices' real nature. Therapy classically resorts to laryngeal manipulations, of which a new technique is put forward. Another therapeutic approach is based, on the one hand, on critical listening compared with a control male voice, thus enabling the subject to become aware of his own voice, and, on the other hand, on high intensity work which helps passing from head to chest voice.     

显微维氏硬度测量不确定度评定

对显微维氏硬度测量不确定度进行评定，建立了不确定度计算的数学模型，确定了影响实验结果的各项因素，计算出了各因素的标准不确定度，得出结果的扩展不确定度，并给出最终测量结果的表达式。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Validation of a model of psychosocial determinants of occupational health of geriatric nurses

The purpose of this study was to verify a model of relationships between psychosocial factors and health for 8066 francophone nurses working in geriatric care in Québec. A random sample of 1990 subjects was drawn and a participation rate of 77.9% and 55% was obtained for the two-time study taken twelve months apart. Based on the theory of Maddi and Kobasa (1984), the model was reproduced for the two-time periods with the aid of structural equations. The analyses showed that three variables exert a direct influence on psychological distress: professional burnout, occupational stressors and hardiness. Also, variables have a direct effect on burnout: listed in order of importance, these are hardiness, occupational stressors, work support, active strategies of coping and employment status. In dealing with the work stressors, the nurses who are hardy make use of active strategies of coping and look for support form their colleagues. The results of the study help to better understand the psychological and social resources that best favor adaptation of working women in highly demanding work environments. The fallout of the study converges towards the quality of life of helping professionals and towards the cost and quality of health and social services.     

Formation of electrocontact plugs of anodes of metallurgical production

A method for making electrocontact plugs (ECPs) in anodes for aluminium and magnesium electrolyzers using the pulsed magnetic field (PMF) action on the metal melt was proposed. Different variants of plug construction are presented. Technology for making ECPs under laboratory conditions was developed. IFU brand coal-coke material was used in the experiments as an anode material; a casting aluminium alloy of an Al-Si system was used for ECPs. The results of experimental investigations are given and an assessment of the quality of the electric contact was carried out. It was found that the contact resistance of the contact produced under the action of the PMF is much lower than when conventionally pouring the melt. The reduction of this factor depends on the fact that the melt fills the pores and microirregularities of the carbon block of the anode under the pressure of the PMF, which results in an increase in the physical area of the contact.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

锅炉排污余热利用实践

介绍了锅炉排污余热利用节能工作的实践。将锅炉排污热水收集到水箱,用热水泵送入热网采暖用补给水箱,或直接送入采暖管道中用于采暖系统,使锅炉排污水得到充分利用,既节水又节能。     

铕的电化学还原过程中钛阴极失活原因之探讨

铕的电化学还原受多种因素影响，其中阴极极板最为重要。研究了采用钛阴极进行铕的电化学还原常遭遇极板失活问题；并对极板失活进行了探讨与分析，认为钛阴极吸氢以及质劣钛材料是妨碍铕的电化学还原的主要原因。提出了钛板脱氢的初步方案，以及尽可能选择质优钛板材料进行铕的电化学还原的建议。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

主变压器本体保护误动的原因分析

通过分析主变压器本体保护装置内部继电器在直流系统接地时误动的原因,揭示了保护选型的重要性,并提出了改进方法,避免误动事故再次发生。     

有色金属行业高管离职因素探析

基于行为理论视角,探讨了有色金属行业高管团队薪酬差距和高管离职的关系,以及高管团队薪酬差距和内、外部相对薪酬水平如何交互影响高管离职。基于2013年沪深两市A股上市公司有色金属板块高管数据的实证分析表明:高管团队薪酬差距越大,高管离职率越高;高管团队薪酬差距和内、外部相对薪酬水平交互影响高管离职;与所处薪酬差距较小团队的高管相比,高管所处团队薪酬差距越大,则内、外部相对薪酬水平对高管离职的影响越大。     

Ag标准储备溶液质量浓度的不确定度评定

文章系统地分析了以高纯金属银制备原子吸收光谱分析(AAS)所使用的标准储备溶液过程中的不确定度来源,建立了数学模型,对不确定度分量进行了分析和量化,求得Ag标准储备溶液质量浓度的标准不确定度和扩展不确定度分别为0．1mg/L和0．2mg/L。