芯片生产废水处理技术探讨

通过实地调研,结合工程经验,采用比较分析的方法,就芯片生产废水中典型的含氨废水、含氟废水、研磨废水和酸碱废水的处理分别给出了较优的处理工艺流程,即浓氨吹脱—两段沉淀—三级酸碱中和处理工艺,其处理效果较好,将含氟废水与CMP研磨废水混合处理可节省投资。同时,介绍了设备选型中应注意的问题。     

巴塘水电站砂石系统生产废水处理工艺设计及应用

金沙江上游水域执行地表水环境质量标准Ⅱ类标准,砂石料生产废水需经处理后全部回用(SS100mg/L),严禁外排,这对砂石加工系统生产废水处理提出了更高的要求。经对废水悬浮物含量分析和处理设备性能与处理工艺对比分析,结合本工程实际,采用"细砂回收+高位浓缩罐+机械压滤脱水"的工艺处理废水,实现了高效率、低成本运行,达到了废水处理后中水循环利用和"零"排放的生态环保要求,为大型人工砂石系统生产废水处理树立了"亮点"标杆。     

印刷电路板工业园区废水综合处理研究

针对昆山千灯印刷电路板(PCB)工业园区废水排放特性和原废水处理厂现状,设计新建规模为8 000m3/d的火炬废水处理厂,用以处理PCB工业园区的生产废水和生活污水。综合考虑,新老废水处理厂相结合采用预处理—生化处理—人工湿地深度处理工艺。其中预处理主要针对酸洗、碱洗以及企业内部预处理后的络合废水,采用调节—破络—混凝沉淀的处理工艺;生化处理采用以投药式活性污泥法为核心的处理工艺,后续辅以人工湿地深度处理。运行结果表明,该废水处理厂尾水可稳定达到《太湖地区城镇污水处理厂及重点工业行业主要水污染物排放限值》(DB32/T1072—2007),经人工湿地处理后出水可达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)IV类水体标准,可为今后电路板产业基地的废水综合处理及回用提供示范。     

白腐真菌降解火炸药生产废水工艺特点及其研究进展

近年来,火炸药生产废水的生化降解受到广泛关注。本文阐述了白腐真菌降解火炸药生产废水的工艺特点,并对其研究进展做了详实的叙述,在对各种工艺的处理效果极其相关工艺参数进行了分析后表明,微电解法与白腐真菌的联合应用可使火炸药生产废水处理效果更加显著,是今后白腐真菌处理火炸药废水工业化、规模化的一个切入点;同时,白腐真菌的生物固定化应用和菌种培养方式的优化对进一步改善处理效果具有重要意义。文章最后提出了火炸药生产废水未来可行的处理工艺及其相关改进方法,供读者参考。     

基于羟基催化氧化法处理紫胶生产废水工艺研究

以紫胶生产废水为研究对象,研究了羟基催化氧化法+微生物絮凝作为紫胶废水生化处理工艺前的预处理工艺的可行性和有效性.结果表明:羟基催化氧化法可有效降解紫胶废水中的污染物,并提高可生化性,B/C由0.23提高至0.51,同时降低氯离子浓度,经过40 min羟基催化氧化处理CODCr去除率达到46.7％,结合微生物絮凝处理CODCr去除率达到72％,同时降低氯离子浓度32％,为解决紫胶生产企业废水的达标排放提供了一种新途径.     

里底水电站砂石加工系统废水处理工艺设计及应用

水电工程人工砂石加工系统的生产废水具有处理量大、悬浮物含量高,经处理后的污泥含水率高、处理难度大等特点,生产废水的处理一直是困扰水电工程人工砂石加工系统生产的难题,里底水电站砂石加工系统废水处理通过对废水悬浮物含量分析、处理设备性能和处理工艺对比分析,针对性的采用"多种设备、多种工艺组合"废水处理工艺,实现了高效、低成本运行,达到了废水循环利用和"零"排放的环保要求,为大型人工砂石系统废水处理树立了"亮点"。     

大豆蛋白加工废水厌氧处理工艺的优化配置

在酸性进水条件下对大豆蛋白生产废水的厌氧处理工艺配置进行了优化研究.在进水pH=4.5±0.2、CODcr(16 000±800)mg/L的情况下,CODCr 去除率可达到90%.利用废水中的蛋白质厌氧发酵过程的特点可以实现UASB稳定运行,从而降低厌氧处理系统的运行和维护费用,使处理工艺得到优化.     

水解酸化-PACT/SBR工艺处理光敏剂化工废水研究与工程实践

在对光敏剂化工废水产生状况的现场调查和成分分析的基础上提出了对高含盐废水分流处理、对生产废水分散预处理和对综合废水集中达标处理的技术路线。在实验室研究基础上提出了“水解酸化 PACT/SBR生物处理技术 化学除磷”的综合废水处理工艺 ,并依此对厂内现有废水处理系统进行了工程改造。结果表明提出的技术路线和处理工艺对成分复杂、盐浓度高的光敏剂化工废水的处理是可行的 ,当进水COD为 2 5 0 0～ 4 0 0 0mg/L时 ,出水COD <15 0mg/L ,达到了《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978- 96 )的二级标准     

苯酐与增塑剂废水处理工艺的试验研究

以苯酐与增塑剂(DOP)生产废水为研究对象,针对废水 有机物浓度与难降解物质浓度高的特点,提出了物化预处理 -水解酸化-好氧生化的处理工艺,并对该工艺进行试验和 理论研究。 DOP废水的BOD/COD=0．48,降解性能良好,但是其 中的不溶辛醇导致生化出水COD居高不下,生化效果不佳。     

研究生论文摘要

茶多酚生产废水处理工艺的试验研究研究生 :张　丹　导师 :孟建平(同济大学环境科学与工程学院　 2 0 0 0 92 )以茶多酚生产废水为研究对象 ,针对该废水有机物浓度高、含生物毒性物质和含量高等特点提出了预处理 水解酸化 接触氧化 后处理的组合工艺 ,并对该工艺处理茶多酚生产废水进行了试验和理论研究。茶多酚生产废水的BOD/COD =0 5 5 ,但采用好氧试验出现细菌死亡现象。原因主要是由于废水中的茶多酚是一种抑菌、杀菌剂 ,其抑菌机理主要有氢键作用、抗氧化作用、与铁络合。茶多酚对厌氧细菌的抑制浓度一般在 10 0 0mg/L左右 ,对好…     

Application of reversed A2/O process on removing nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal wastewater in China

The application of reversed A2/O process in practice in China is mainly discussed in this paper. As a new process on nitrogen and phosphorus removal, principle and technical features of reversed A2/O process are also summarized. The application in rebuilt wastewater treatment plant shows that reversed A2/O process not only has merits on high nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency, but also has merits on energy saving. The application in newly-build wastewater treatment plant shows that infrastructure and equipment investment of reversed A2/O process economized 15% and 10% respectively, compared to conventional A2/O process. The practical application shows that reversed A2/O process is a new nitrogen and phosphorus removal process, which is suitable for China's national conditions.     

Effect of support and second metal in catalytic in-situ generation of hydrogen peroxide by Pd-supported catalysts: application in the removal of organic pollutants by means of the Fenton process

A catalytic system for the generation of H2O2 from formic acid and oxygen at ambient conditions has been developed. Pd-supported catalysts (Pd/C, Pd/TiO2 and Pd/Al2O3) have been tested, showing that for bulk purposes Pd/Al2O3 is more favourable while for in-situ applications Pd/TiO2 seems to be preferable. However, when these catalysts were tested in the in-situ H2O2 generation for the oxidation of phenol by means of the Fenton process (in the presence of ferrous ion), Pd/TiO2 did not demonstrate the expected results, whereas Pd/Al2O3 showed to be an efficient catalyst. Therefore, Pd/Al2O3 is offered as a good catalyst for Fenton's reactions with in-situ generated H2O2. In order to optimize the operating cost of the process, different initial concentrations of formic acid have been tested with Pd/Al2O3, and it has been seen that lowering the initial amount of formic acid favours the efficiency of the process. The effect of the addition of a second metallic (Pt, Au, Fe, Cu) active phase was studied. Concerning H2O2 generation, best results were obtained with a Pd-Au catalyst for bulk production (long time) while for in-situ application Pd-Fe showed interesting results. The Pd-Fe catalyst also performed similarly to the semi-heterogeneous Fenton system involving Pd/Al2O3 and ferrous ion in the degradation of phenol. Therefore, Pd-Fe catalyst offered an interesting prospect for making a full heterogeneous catalyst for Fenton reaction involving in-situ generation of H2O2.     

寿光市城北污水处理厂改良型A~2/O反应池的启动与调试

寿光市城北污水处理厂一期工程处理能力为5万m3/d,以改良型A2/O反应池为核心处理单元,进水中约有60%为工业废水。改良型A2/O反应池的启动调试历时33d,调试结束时,活性污泥性状良好,CODCr、NH3—N、TP完全达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级B标准,反硝化作用明显。结果表明,在调试期间,污泥培养方式、内回流比、好氧池DO等对该污水处理厂改良型A2/O反应池处理能力影响比较明显。     

污水处理厂生命周期评价及不同工艺污水处理系统的环境影响比较分析

对某A2／O工艺城市污水处理厂施工建造和运营维护阶段所造成的环境影响进行生命周期评价,并以绿色税收为参考指标概算各环境影响指标造成的经济负担,同时对采用不同污水处理方式的污水处理厂的生命周期评价结果进行比较。结果表明：A2／O工艺城市污水处理厂生命周期内造成的环境影响主要来自运营维护阶段的能量消耗,对水体富营养化的影响较大;相对于某湿地污水处理系统,A2／O工艺城市污水处理厂对非生物资源消耗较大,但在大气酸化、光化学氧化以及全球变暖等方面的影响较小;相对于五阶段Bardenpho工艺,A2／O工艺对水体富营养化具有较大影响,但在非生物资源消耗、全球变暖、光化学氧化、大气酸化等方面影响较小。     

炼油废水水质特性及其治理技术

炼油废水由于污染物浓度高、成分复杂，并且经常含有有毒有害物质，可生化性差，成为难处理的工业废水之一。介绍了炼油废水的来源和特点，处理的主要技术和方法：综述了近几年各项处理技术取得的成果；指出应将回收利用作为今后的炼油废水处理工艺和未来的研究重点。     

Colloidal silica removal in coagulation processes for wastewater reuse in a high-tech industrial park.

Four experiments of coagulation and flocculation were conducted to investigate the characteristics of colloidal silica removal in a high-tech industrial wastewater treatment plant for reclamation and reuse of the effluent. Experimental results illustrated that poly-aluminium chloride (PACl) showed higher performances on colloidal silica removal than alum. Interestingly, the two coagulants demonstrated the same capacity on silica removal. The specific silica removal capacity was approximately 0.135 mg SiO2/mg Al2O3 when the dosage of coagulants was in the range 30-150 mg/L Al2O3. In addition, the silica was reduced significantly at the condition of pH above 8. Experimental data implied that precipitation of aluminium flocs was the major mechanism for colloid silica removal in PACl and alum coagulation, besides, charge adsorption was also important for improving removal efficiency. Moreover, the addition of polyacrylic acid (PAA) as a flocculant could slightly advance silica removal in the PACl coagulation. The combined PACl/PAA/flocs coagulation was effective for the removal of colloidal silica, soluble COD, and turbidity and also suitable as a pretreatment unit in wastewater reclamation and reuse processes.     

Phosphorus removal from synthetic and municipal wastewater using spent alum sludge.

In the present study, phosphorus removal was studied using as coagulant spent alum sludge from a water treatment plant of EYDAP (Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company) and compared to alum (Al2(SO4)3.18H2O), iron chloride (FeCl3.7H2O), iron sulfate (Fe2(S04).10H2O) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) at a constant pH (equal to 6).The comparison was based on their efficiency to remove phosphorus in synthetic wastewater consisting of 10 mg/L P as potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 50 mg/L N as ammonium chloride, The experiments were carried out using a jar-test apparatus and the measurements were performed according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. Pure alum, iron chloride and iron sulfate were much more efficient in phosphorus removal than the spent alum sludge but in the case of calcium hydroxide, phosphorus removal was very low in pH = 6. Specifically, orthophosphate were totally removed by alum using 15 mg/L as Al, by alum sludge using 75 mg/L as Al and by FeCl3.7H2O or Fe2(SO4).10H2O using 30 mg/L of Fe while in the case of calcium hydroxide P removal was actually zero. pH measurements showed that the uptake of phosphates is associated to the release of OH ions in the solution and that the end of P uptake is accompanied by the stabilization of pH. Finally this spent alum sludge was tested on municipal wastewater and proved to be effective as apart from phosphorus it was shown to remove turbidity and COD.     

二氧化氯催化氧化降解铬黑T试验研究

在常温常压下,对Fe2O3/γ—A12O3+H2O2和ClO2+TiO2两种催化氧化体系处理铬黑T废水的效果进行了分析。试验结果表明,处理甲基橙废水效果较好的Fe2O3/γ—Al2O3+H2O2组合对铬黑T的降解效果非常有限,而ClO2+TiO2组合的处理效果较好:以500 mg/L的铬黑T溶液为模拟废水,当pH为4,C102投加量为200 mg/L,TiO2投加量为500 mg/L,反应时间为90 min时,脱色率达89.96%,CODCr的去除率可达45.36%。     

Cu/Al2O3 催化臭氧氧化降解水中甲草胺的研究

研究了在Cu/Al2O3存在下臭氧氧化降解水中一种具有内分泌干扰作用的有机污染物--甲草胺的效能及主要影响因素.研究证明,Cu/Al2O3具有明显的催化臭氧氧化效能.对催化臭氧氧化降解前后水的TOC、电导及内分泌干扰活性等指标进行的测定结果表明,在Cu/Al2O3催化剂的作用下,反应溶液的TOC比O3单独氧化处理的TOC有更大程度的降低,即对甲草胺的矿化程度大大提高;矿化程度的提高使溶液的电导有所提高进而促进对甲草胺的处理.催化臭氧氧化处理后水的内分泌干扰活性比非催化过程的有明显降低,说明Cu/Al2O3催化剂可有效去除甲草胺的中间氧化产物,能彻底去除水中甲草胺这种内分泌干扰物质.     

酸析—微电解—Fenton氧化预处理亚麻脱胶废水的研究

高浓度亚麻脱胶废水CODCr、色度都很高,不宜直接进行生物处理.试验采用酸析-微电解-Fenton氧化的预处理工艺,并对反应的影响因素进行了研究,试验结果表明,在pH=3,微电解90 min,H2O2投量1 500 mg/L,Fenton氧化120 min的条件下,CODCr去除率可以达到71.4%,色度去除率超过90%.同时该方法提高了废水的可生化性,有利于后续的生化处理.