光敏热响应微胶囊的光敏特性研究

利用微胶囊技术制备了以给电子染料前体和光固化物质为囊芯,以聚脲为囊壁的光敏热响应型微胶囊,并以该微胶囊为感光单元,形成记录材料,以记录材料为载体,对微胶囊的光敏特性进行了研究。     

一种双色电子墨水微胶囊的制备与表征

采用聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺对Ti O2进行修饰,以十二烷基硫酸钠为稳定剂,四氯乙烯为分散介质,油溶蓝为蓝色染料,制备了分散性和稳定性良好的电泳显示液。用该电泳液作囊芯,以明胶和羧甲基纤维素钠进行复凝聚反应形成囊壁,制备了蓝白双色电子墨水微胶囊,讨论了芯材比、加酸浓度、酸化时间等对微胶囊形貌与物理性质的影响。采用扫面电子显微镜、粒径分布、热失重分析等方法对所制备的蓝白双色电子墨水微胶囊进行了表征,结果表明：所制备微胶囊球型规整,囊壁结构致密,表面光滑,平均粒径为52.2μm。     

微胶囊间苯二酚双磷酸二苯酯的制备

采用三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂(MF),通过缩聚反应对间苯二酚双磷酸二苯酯(RDP)进行微胶囊包覆。以RDP为囊心,MF为囊材,合成了微胶囊RDP。并考察了表面活性剂种类及预聚体用量对微胶囊合成工艺的影响。利用电子能谱分析检测了微胶囊化学结构,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、热重分析对其表面形貌及热稳定性进行了观察和分析。结果发现,复合型活性剂对微胶囊具有很好的分散作用,制备出的微胶囊颗粒均匀,粒径经检测在40～80μm;预聚体与RDP的质量比为1:1时,微胶囊的粒径最小,且只有少量蜜胺树脂沉积在微胶囊表面上。通过微胶囊包覆的RDP热稳定性能明显提高,由原来的400℃完全分解提高到800℃。     

永固红F5R电泳液及其微胶囊的研究

采用十八胺对永固红FSR化学修饰,以Span-80为稳定剂,四氯乙烯为分散介质,使用正交设计方法优化电泳液组成和工艺条件,制备了分散性和稳定性良好的电泳液。使用红外光谱、紫外光谱、激光光散射和光学显微镜技术对永固红FSR电泳液进行了表征。以此电泳液为囊芯,脲甲醛树脂为壁材,制备一种红色电子墨水微胶囊,形貌规则球形,表面光滑,囊壁结构致密,包覆率达81％,囊芯含量为78％。永固红F5R电泳液及其微胶囊具有明显的电场响应行为,可以作为柔板显示器的功能材料。     

蜜胺树脂香精微胶囊的制备研究

为改进微胶囊化包覆效果、提高香精微胶囊的性能,通过对蜜胺树脂预聚过程中的三聚氰胺及甲醛摩尔比、pH值、反应温度及反应时间等因素进行研究,得到了用于香精微胶囊壁材的蜜胺树脂预聚体制备的最佳工艺:n(三聚氰胺)∶n(甲醛)=1∶3,反应温度70℃,pH=8~9的条件下反应15 min~25 min。采用该树脂预聚体以原位聚合法制备了香精微胶囊,所得微胶囊在显微镜观察下球形态良好,平均粒径较窄,约为1.5μm。FT-IR结果表明蜜胺树脂对香精的包覆良好;热失重分析说明了微胶囊大幅提高了香精的耐热性能。     

明胶-阿拉伯树胶电子墨水微胶囊表界面控制

以明胶-阿拉伯树胶为壁材,四氯乙烯为分散介质,硬脂酸改性的TiO2为显示颗粒,采用复合凝聚法制备了红白显示的电子墨水微胶囊。讨论了表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对复合凝聚相生成过程的影响,并分析了Span 80用量对微胶囊形貌的影响。结果表明,SDS与明胶间形成的复合凝聚相具有很高的表面活性。此外,Span 80体积分数为2.0%～3.0%时,制备的微胶囊囊壁光滑、均一,平均粒径约为60μm。制备的微胶囊在电场强度为2.5×106V/m时,具有良好的电场响应行为及可逆移动性。     

仿生自愈合微胶囊的制备和研究

采用原位聚合法合成了以聚脲甲醛为胶囊壁、环氧树脂为囊芯的微胶囊,并对聚脲甲醛包覆环氧树脂/正丁基缩水甘油醚的微胶囊的制备工艺进行了研究。结果表明,微胶囊制备的最佳工艺条件为：预聚体的pH值在9～10之间,预聚体的反应温度控制在60～65 ℃之间,预聚体反应时间控制在1 h;微胶囊聚合反应的pH值控制在2左右,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为表面活性剂,聚合反应温度控制50～60 ℃之间,聚合反应时间控制在2 h。所制备的微胶囊包覆完全,表面致密。     

低沸点溶剂对热敏微胶囊形貌和性能的影响研究

热敏微胶囊制备过程中的低沸点溶剂用量对于微胶囊形貌和热响应特性的影响进行了研究,发现低沸点溶剂的用量不仅影响微胶囊的粒径大小、形貌,而且显著影响到以微胶囊为信息记录单元的热成像记录材料的热响应特性。     

大滞后可逆热致变色微胶囊的制备及性能研究

以结晶紫内酯(CVL)、双酚A(BPA)、2-(4-苄基氧基苯基)乙基癸酸酯(DAE)为芯材,以三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛共聚树脂为壁材,以苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚树脂(SMA)为乳化剂,制备了大滞后可逆热致变色微胶囊,并采用纳米粒度仪对微胶囊的大小进行了表征,同时采用DSC技术对微胶囊的热致变色机理进行了研究,并探讨了变色温度调节剂—不同碳链长度的脂肪醇对变色温度的影响,结果表明:制备的含醇微胶囊的平均粒径分布在700-3300 nm,且具有优异的热滞后的效应,脂肪醇的加入可调控微胶囊的变色温度。     

异氰酸酯复合外壳微胶囊的合成及表征

在水包油乳液体系中,通过界面聚合和原位聚合反应制备了以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为芯材,硅改性的聚脲为复合外壳的微胶囊。考察了不同搅拌速度对微胶囊尺寸以及形貌的影响。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对微胶囊的各组分进行了表征,确定合成了包覆IPDI的硅改性复合外壳微胶囊;采用扫描电子显微镜对微胶囊的形貌和尺寸进行了表征;通过热重分析仪对微胶囊的热稳定性进行了表征,结果表明硅改性复合外壳微胶囊具有良好的热稳定性。     

Development and characterization of novel modified red mud nanocomposites based on poly(hydroxy ether) of bisphenol A

This study dealt with the use of various quantities of modified red mud as a nanofiller in a poly(hydroxy ether) of bisphenol A (Phe) based matrix. Phe‐based polymer nanocomposites reinforced with acidically and organically modified layered red mud were prepared by a conventional solvent‐casting technique. The best dispersion occurred in the polymer nanocomposites where the interactions between the functional groups of the polymer matrix and those of the organic substitution of the red mud appeared to be the highest. The particle size of the modified red mud was determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The as‐synthesized composite films were typically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The dispersion of the modified fillers within the matrix was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The thermal properties measured by thermogravimetric analysis showed enhanced thermal stability of a series of composite materials. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

鸡蛋壳基多孔碳酸钙对刚果红吸附特性研究

以废弃物鸡蛋壳为原料,以十二烷基硫酸钠为模板剂,采用模板法制成多孔碳酸钙微粒,并用扫描电镜对其进行表观形貌分析。将多孔碳酸钙微粒应用于刚果红的吸附研究,得出较佳吸附条件为：室温、多孔碳酸钙添加量为0.15 g、质量浓度为300 mg/L 的刚果红溶液25 mL、吸附时间为7 h,该条件下的吸附率约为93%。通过吸附等温模型和动力学模型分析,表明多孔碳酸钙对刚果红的吸附属于单分子层吸附,吸附动力学比较符合准二级动力学;红外光谱分析表明多孔碳酸钙对刚果红的吸附主要以物理吸附为主。     

磁性纳米Fe3O4材料的制备及在废水治理中的应用研究

用水热法制备纳米Fe3O4并对染料废水进行吸附研究,以磁性纳米Fe3O4作为吸附剂去除水溶液中的酸性大红,通过分光光度法测试吸附结果。探究pH值、材料用量等因素对吸附效果的影响,找到最佳洗脱条件。在最佳条件下,对于酸性大红染料去除率可以达到94．7％。     

采油废水中SRB催化电解杀菌试验

采油废水中硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）所造成的注水系统的腐蚀、结垢和阻塞严重影响着原油的开发与生产。催化电解杀菌技术用于油田废水处理,利用废水中的Cl-产生的活性氯对杀菌起主要作用,杀菌效果好。催化电解杀灭SRB的试验结果表明,在电流密度25mA／cm2、极板间距2cm、pH值4～9的电解条件下处理30min时SRB杀菌率达99％以上。     

Efficient preparation of polymer‐based hollow spheres for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

Titanium dioxide hollow spheres were synthesized by utilizing polystyrene‐co‐methacrylic acid latex particles coated with titanium isopropoxide. Hollow spheres prepared with different ruthenium salt concentrations showed considerable levels of organic pollutant degradation upon UV irradiation. In the present study, methylene blue (MB) was selected as a model for these pollutants. Thus its degradation indicated the activity of the hollow spheres as photocatalysts for decomposing the pollutants. The efficiencies of these photocatalysts were determined in terms of chemical oxygen demand removal. During these experiments, several conditions were monitored such as the effects of pH, ruthenium salt concentration, and initial MB load concentration. The prepared particles were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_2粉体及掺杂锰对光催化性能的影响

综述了TiO2粉体的制备和其在光催化降解中的应用。提出了以钛酸四丁酯为前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2粉体。并且以MnSO4.H2O为锰源,制备锰掺杂的Mn-TiO2光催化剂,在600℃、焙烧2h条件下制备了不同浓度掺杂锰的TiO2纳米粉体。通过X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)分析了二氧化钛的结构,并在此基础上深入探讨了二氧化钛的制备工艺、掺杂等因素对其光催化活性的影响。     

MIL-53(Fe)金属有机骨架材料对刚果红的高效吸附

通过水热法制备规则外形的MIL-53(Fe)金属有机骨架材料(MOF),并通过傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对材料进行表征。以刚果红作为目标物,研究所制得的MOF材料对其的吸附行为。结果表明,MIL-53(Fe)对刚果红的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学,吸附模型符合Langmuir吸附模型。MIL-53(Fe)材料对刚果红的最大吸附量为1 482 mg/g,是可望用于去除染料废水刚果红的高效吸附材料。     

Composition and Microstructure of Chemically Vapor-Deposited Boron Nitride, Aluminum Nitride, and Boron Nitride + Aluminum Nitride Composites

The composition and microstructure of dispersed-phase ceramic composites containing BN and AIN as well as BN and AIN single-phase ceramics prepared by chemical vapor deposition have been characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Under certain processing conditions, the codeposited coating microstructure consists of small single-crystal AIN fibers (whiskers) surrounded by a turbostratic BN matrix. Other processing conditions resulted in single-phase films of AIN with a fibrous structure. The compositions of the codeposits range from 2 to 50 mol% BN, 50 to 80 mol% AIN with 7% to 25% oxygen impurity as determined by electron microprobe analysis.     

Recycling of waste red mud for fabrication of SiC/mullite composite porous ceramics

SiC/mullite composite porous ceramics were fabricated from recycled solid red mud (RM) waste. The porous ceramics were formed using a graphite pore forming agent, RM, Al(OH)₃ and SiC in the presence of catalysts. The influence of firing temperature and the pore-forming agent content on the mechanical performance, porosity and the microstructure of the porous SiC ceramics were investigated. Optimal preparation condition were determined by some testing. The results indicated that the flexural strength of specimens increased as a function of firing temperature and a reduction in graphite content, which concomitantly decreased porosity. The ceramic prepared under optimal conditions having 15?wt% graphite and sintered at 1350?°C, demonstrated excellent performance. Under optimal preparation conditions the flexural strength and porosity of the ceramic were 49.4?MPa and 31.4%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy observation result showed that rod-shape mullite grains endowed the samples with high flexural strength and porosity. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the main crystallization phases of the porous ceramics were 6H-SiC, mullite, cristobalite and alumina. This work demonstrates that RM can be sucessfully reused as a new raw material for SiC/mullite composite porous ceramics.     

Microwave absorption properties of Ni/(C, silicides) nanocapsules

ABSTRACT: The microwave absorption properties of Ni/(C, silicides) nanocapsules prepared by an arc discharge method have been studied. The composition and the microstructure of the Ni/(C, silicides) nanocapsules were determined by means of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscope observations. Silicides, in the forms of SiOx and SiC, mainly exist in the shells of the nanocapsules and result in a large amount of defects at the 'core/shell' interfaces as well as in the shells. The complex permittivity and microwave absorption properties of the Ni/(C, silicides) nanocapsules are improved by the doped silicides. Compared with those of Ni/C nanocapsules, the positions of maximum absorption peaks of the Ni/(C, silicides) nanocapsules exhibit large red shifts. An electric dipole model is proposed to explain this red shift phenomenon.