共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
2.
采用一步发泡法制备出聚氨酯泡沫(PUF),将精制碱木质素与聚磷酸铵(APP)按不同比例组成膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)并添加到PUF中,制得碱木质素/聚磷酸铵膨胀阻燃聚氨酯泡沫(PUF/IFR)。通过极限氧指数(LOI)测试、热重分析(TG)、扫描电镜(SEM)考察了PUF/IFR材料的阻燃性能、热降解行为、成炭性能及残炭微观形貌。结果表明:当碱木质素与APP的复配比为1:6、IFR添加量为30%时,PUF/IFR的LOI值达到26.3%。IFR的加入形成了连续致密的炭层附着在材料表面,降低了材料的热降解速率,提高了残炭率,从而改善了材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能。 相似文献
3.
4.
通过向低密度聚乙烯(PE—LD)中添加导电填料羰基多晶铁纤维(MCIF)和导电镍粉(Ni),制备了PE-LD/Ni/MCIF电磁屏蔽复合薄膜材料,研究了导电填料对复合薄膜材料电磁性能、导电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,该薄膜对较宽频段电磁波的屏蔽效能达到37-56dB(500-1500MHz),复合薄膜材料的“渗滤阈值”约为20%~25%;当导电填料(MCIF:Ni=1:1)的含量为18%(质量分数,下同)时,复合薄膜拉伸强度达到最大(12.5MPa),而其断裂伸长率却随着导电填料含量的增加总体呈下降趋势。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
利用木质素磺酸钠(SLS)替代部分聚醚多元醇,同时将甲基膦酸二甲酯(DMMP)作为添加型阻燃剂,采用"一步发泡法"制备出甲基膦酸二甲酯/木质素磺酸钠聚氨酯泡沫材料(DMMP/SLS/PUF),通过极限氧指数(LOI)测试对其阻燃性能进行分析,探究了SLS替代率及DMMP添加量对材料阻燃性能的影响。并利用锥形量热(CONE)仪和扫描电镜对材料的燃烧行为、残炭量和残炭形貌进行分析。测试结果表明:当SLS替代率为80%时,材料80% SLS/PUF的阻燃性能最好,LOI值达到了24.5%。在该替代率的基础上,DMMP添加量为30%时,材料30% DMMP/80% SLS/PUF的LOI值达到了27.3%。与PUF相比,SLS和DMMP加入使得30% DMMP/80% SLS/PUF的热释放速率由245.2 kW/m2(PUF)降到了166.8 kW/m2、总热释放量和总烟释放量降低到12.1 MJ/m2和3.4 m2,分别降低了0.2 MJ/m2和0.4 m2。同时阻燃剂的加入使材料的残炭量由20.3%提高到了37.3%,促进了材料的成炭,并且炭层表面连续、致密且较光滑,使得材料具有良好的阻燃性能。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
导电复合橡胶用导电填料的应用研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对导电复合橡胶用导电填料如炭系、金属系、颗粒表面镀金属等的种类、性质等因素对复合橡胶材料导电率的影响及应用进行了综述。也对采用新型的填料即本征导电聚合物主要是聚苯胺填充制备导电复合橡胶的研究进展进行了综述。炭系是目前制备导电复合橡胶主要的导电填料,但有污染,不适合制备有颜色要求的导电材料,金属系、颗粒表面镀金属的比重大,在聚合物中分散较困难,也不太适合于有比重要求的制品。本征导电聚合物导电填充填料是制备导电复合橡胶发展的一个重要方向,可以解决不熔难溶造成的在聚合物中分散性差的问题。 相似文献
13.
导电油墨起源于导电涂料,印刷电子行业的兴起产生了对导电油墨的研发需求。本文综述了碳系导电油墨填料的研究现状、导电机理、应用前景及其发展方向。首先概述了传统碳系导电油墨填料(石墨、炭黑、碳纤维及其混合物)以及新型碳系导电油墨填料(碳纳米管、石墨烯)的研究进展,重点分析了传统碳系填料的研究方向及手段,解释了新型碳系填料应用于导电油墨的优越性。然后从宏观和微观层面概述了当前主流的几种导电机理的基本原理和适用范围,并指出了目前对油墨导电性能的研究只能定性分析而不能定量描述的局限性。最后,重点介绍了两种新型碳系导电油墨填料的最新研究进展和应用方向,特别指出了当前对碳纳米管和石墨烯填料的研究亟需解决的问题,总结了二者今后的研究重点和研究趋势。 相似文献
14.
Johannes Krückel Zdeněk Starý Christian Triebel Dirk W. Schubert Helmut Münstedt 《Polymer》2012,53(2):395-402
The electrical conductivity of polymer composites containing conductive fillers is strongly influenced by the structure of the particle network. Therefore, the change of this network under deformation in the molten state is of great interest, in order to obtain materials with desirable electrical properties. In this work polymethylmethacrylate containing carbon black or carbon fibres was exposed to oscillatory shear deformations and the electrical conductivity of the materials was measured simultaneously. It was found that the particle networks in the composites filled with carbon fibres were more sensitive to deformation than those of the carbon black composites. The stability of the networks increased with growing amount of fillers. Furthermore, it could be shown that conductive and rheological networks behave completely different under shear deformations. 相似文献
15.
从宏观与微观两个角度对电致形状记忆复合材料的形状记忆过程及机理进行阐述,详述了基于不同导电填料如纳米颗粒、连续纤维、短切纤维以及复合填料的电致形状记忆复合材料研究现状及其物理共混、原位聚合、冷冻干燥等制备方法。从均匀的导体单元、导体与基体之间的接口黏结以及导电网络结构等3个方面分析了电致形状记忆复合材料的导电机理并从微观结构上对纳米级的导电网络以及离子通道现象进行了概述。详细介绍了其在航空航天、生物医疗、纺织领域、电子半导体等领域的最近研究工作,并展望了电致形状记忆复合材料发展前景。 相似文献
16.
从聚苯胺(polyaniline, PANI)的结构特征和导电机理出发,详细叙述了一维有序PANI纳米阵列的优点及各种制备方法,指出了PANI纳米阵列作为超级电容器电极材料的优势。根据电极材料分类,重点综述了PANI阵列结构基与导电高分子材料、碳材料、金属氧化物复合作为超级电容器电极材料的应用情况;讨论了这些电极材料的结构特点、制备方法、提高电化学储能性的机理及上述研究中存在的问题;最后根据存在的问题,提出进一步优化PANI阵列结构基电极材料电化学性能的制备方法与策略,并对未来PANI阵列结构基电极材料在超级电容器的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
17.
Improvement in physical and electrical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel conductive polymer composites 下载免费PDF全文
Winatthakan Phuchaduek Tongsai Jamnongkan Ubolluk Rattanasak Siridech Boonsang Supranee Kaewpirom 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2015,132(28)
With an aim to develop anti‐electrostatic discharge materials based on biodegradable polymers, poly(vinyl alcohol) films composited with two different conductive fillers (carbon black and aluminium) at various fillers contents (20?60%wt), were manufactured using solvent‐casting technique. The mechanical properties of such the films were investigated through tensile stress‐strain tests. Wettability and morphology of the composite films were performed by water contact angle measurement and SEM, respectively. Young's modulus of the composite films can be increased with the addition of conductive fillers. The surface of the composite films showed non‐homogeneous appearance, in which the phase boundary within the composites was clearly observed and the conductive fillers formed aggregation structure at high filler concentration. In addition, the composite films exhibited better hydrophobicity when higher conductive filler content was added. TGA results suggested that both carbon black and aluminum have proven their efficiency to enhance thermal stability of poly(vinyl alcohol). Investigation of cross‐cut adhesion performance of the prepared composite films revealed that carbon black‐filled composites exhibited excellent adhesion strength. The effect of conductive filler content on surface resistivity of the composite films was also examined. The experimental results confirmed that both the fillers used in this study can improve the electrical conductivity of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel. The surface resistivity of the composite films was reduced by several orders of magnitude when the filler of its critical concentration was applied. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42234. 相似文献
18.
Erik Nilsson Henrik Oxfall Wojciech Wandelt Rodney Rychwalski Bengt Hagström 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2013,130(4):2579-2587
In this study, two different carbon fillers: carbon black (CB) and graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) are studied as conductive fillers for the preparation of conductive polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites. In order to obtain a homogenous dispersion of GNP, GNP/PP composites were prepared by two different methods: solid state mixing (SSM) and traditional melt mixing (MM). The result shows that MM is more efficient in the dispersion of GNP particles compared to SSM method. PP nanocomposites containing only one conductive filler and two fillers were prepared at different filler concentrations. Based on the analysis of electrical and rheological properties of the prepared nanocomposites, it shows that a hybridized composite with equal amounts of GNP and CB has favorable processing properties. Conductive fibers with a core/sheath structure were produced on a bicomponent melt spinning line. The core materials of these fibers are the hybridized GNP/CB/PP nanocomposite and the sheath is pure polyamide. It was found that GNPs were separated during melt and cold drawing which results in the decrease of conductivity. However, the conductivity could partly be restored by the heat treatment. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2579–2587, 2013 相似文献
19.
导电填料对粉末涂料导电性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了使用三类不同导电填料制得的粉末涂料的表面电阻与导电填料含量的关系,确定了粉末涂料中各类导电填料的渗滤阔值。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了不同导电填料含量的粉末涂料的断面形貌,用透射电镜(TEM)观察分析了炭黑及导电二氧化钛的结构及粒径。结果表明,填料不同,得到的粉末涂料的渗滤阈值有很大差别。对于炭黑或导电二氧化钛,其结构性越高,比表面积越大,粒径越小,导电性能越好,得到的渗滤阈值越低。 相似文献