H8SiW12O42催化7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的无溶剂合成

以杂多酸H8SiW12O42为催化剂,以乙酰乙酸乙酯和间苯二酚为原料,通过Pechmann反应合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素.探讨了以H8SiW12O42为催化剂时反应温度、催化剂用量、原料比诸因素对产品收率的影响.实验表明,H8SiW12O42是合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的良好催化剂,在反应温度为130 ℃,n(间苯二酚)∶n(三乙)=1∶1,催化剂的用量为0.6 g(间苯二酚的物质的量为0.04 mol)时,产品的收率为68.0%.     

硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化合成2-异丙基-1,3-二氧环戊烷

采用回流法自制了硅钨酸(H4SiW12O40)掺杂聚苯胺(PAn)催化剂H4SiW12O40/PAn。通过异丁醛和乙二醇为原料合成标题化合物,探讨了硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了原料物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产率的影响。实验表明,硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂是合成标题化合物的良好催化剂,在n(乙二醇)∶n(异丁醛)=1.5∶1,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1.2%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1.0h的优化条件下,标题化合物的收率可达88.8%。     

H4SiW12O40/SiO2催化一锅法合成4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮

采用一锅法Biginelli反应以H4SiW12O40/SiO2为催化剂,以苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯和尿素为原料,无水乙醇为溶剂合成了4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮。探讨了原料摩尔比、反应温度、催化剂用量及反应时间对收率的影响。结果表明,固定苯甲醛用量为0.04 mol的条件下,n(苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1∶1.5∶1.5,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的2.0%,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为60 min,产品平均收率可达71.7%。通过熔点的测定,IR,1HNMR和MS对合成的3,4-二氢嘧啶酮化合物进行了表征。     

Keggin杂多酸催化合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素

以间苯二酚和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,Keggin结构磷钨酸、磷钼酸、磷钼钨酸和硅钨酸杂多酸做催化剂,在无溶剂的条件下,经Pechmann反应催化合成了7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素,该催化反应具有选择性高、不污染环境及不腐蚀设备的优点。以H4SiW12O40.15H2O催化剂为代表进行了条件优化,在n(间苯二酚)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(H4SiW12O40.15H2O)=1∶1.5∶0.01,反应温度130℃,反应时间20min条件下,7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素收率为85.9%。该文报告工作的新颖性已为中国科学技术信息研究所2007年6月4日出具的第20071100100234号《科技查新报告》所证实。     

硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂催化合成苹果酯-B

以硅钨酸(H4SiW12O40)掺杂聚苯胺(PAn)H4SiW12O40／PAn为催化剂,以乙酰乙酸乙酯和1,2-丙二为原料合成苹果酯-B,较系统地研究了原料摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：最佳反应条件为n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)：n(1,2-丙二醇)=1：1．6,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0．75％,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1.0h。上述条件下,苹果酯．B的收率为75．7％。     

二氧化硅负载硅钨钼酸催化合成乙酰水杨酸

以水杨酸和乙酸酐为原料,以二氧化硅负载硅钨钼酸H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2为催化剂。探讨H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2对合成反应的催化活性,系统地研究了水杨酸和乙酸酐的物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对产物收率的影响。实验表明:H4SiW6Mo6O40/SiO2是合成乙酰水杨酸的良好催化剂,固定水杨酸用量为0.015 mol,在n(水杨酸)∶n(乙酸酐)=1∶2.0,催化剂用量为0.3g,反应时间15min的最佳条件下,乙酰水杨酸的收率可达75.1%。     

硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂催化合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

采用回流法制备硅钨酸 (H4SiW12 O40 )掺杂聚苯胺 (PAn)催化剂H4SiW12 O40 /PAn。用环己酮和 1,2 丙二醇为原料合成环己酮 1,2 丙二醇缩酮 ,探讨了硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺催化剂对缩醛反应的催化活性 ,较系统地研究了原料量比 ,催化剂用量 ,反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明 :硅钨酸掺杂聚苯胺是合成环己酮 1,2 丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂 ,在n(环己酮 )∶n(1,2 丙二醇 ) =1∶14 ,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的 1.6 % ,环己烷为带水剂 ,反应时间 5 0min的优化条件下 ,环己酮 1,2 丙二醇缩酮的收率可达 85 .6 %。     

分子筛MCM-48负载硅钨酸催化合成丁酮-1,2-丙二醇缩酮

报道了以分子筛MCM-48负载硅钨酸H4SiW12O40/MCM-48为催化剂,通过丁酮和1,2-丙二醇反应合成了丁酮-1,2-丙二醇缩酮。探讨了H4SiW12O40/MCM-48对缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明:H4SiW12O40/MCM-48是合成丁酮-1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在n(丁酮)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1∶1.6,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0.6%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间45 min的优化条件下,丁酮-1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达91.9%。     

超声波辐射氨基磺酸催化合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素

以间苯二酚和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料,氨基磺酸为催化剂,超声波辐射下合成了7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素,其结构经IR和1 H NMR表征。考察了超声波辐射功率和辐射时间及催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响。结果表明,在80 W辐射反应40min,间苯二酚11g(0.1mol),n(间苯二酚)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(氨基磺酸)=1.0∶1.1∶0.1条件下,7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的收率到达95%以上。     

对甲苯磺酸催化7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的无溶剂合成

以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂、乙酰乙酸乙酯和间苯二酚为原料通过Pechmann反应合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素。探讨了以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂时反应温度、催化剂用量、反应时间、原料比诸因素对产品收率的影响。实验表明：对甲苯磺酸是合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的良好催化剂,在反应温度为125℃、反应时间为50min、n（间苯二酚）∶n（三乙）=1∶1.0、催化剂的用量为0.4g（间苯二酚为0.04mol）时,产品收率为65.5%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.