新型燃煤固硫剂研制成功

一种新型廉价高效的燃煤固硫剂日前通过中国科学院和辽宁省科委组织的专家鉴定。中科院大连化物所在已取得的燃煤固硫理论成果基础上 ,成功研制出廉价高效的新型燃煤固硫剂———ＤＣＬ型燃煤固硫剂 3种配方。这种固硫剂以大连及周边地区的天然矿石和工业废料为原料 ,采取固硫和催化燃烧一体化 ,克服了传统固硫剂脱硫效率偏低、影响锅炉燃烧效率和价格昂贵等缺点。　　根据环保监测和热工监测结果 ,锅炉使用新型燃煤固硫剂后 ,在煤中硫含量 0 7%到 1 %范围内 ,总固硫率可达 77%～ 83%。长时间运行结果表明 ,此种固硫剂的固硫效果均匀稳定 ,…     

煤洁净燃烧高效钙基复合固硫剂的研究进展

对燃煤高效钙基复合固硫剂的国内外研究现状进行了综述，对复合固硫剂中固硫助剂的加入方式及其固硫促进机理进行了详细的分析和总结，并对研究中存在的某些问题进行了探讨。最后对助燃固硫、固硫—灰渣资源化的燃煤一体化添加剂的研究现状进行了简要介绍，并探讨了燃煤复合固硫剂研究的若干方向，提出了将高效低污染燃烧和灰渣资源化有机结合起来开发新型燃煤一体化添加剂的思想。     

大连化物所固硫剂通过鉴定

中科院大连化学物理研究所在已取得的燃煤固硫理论成果的基础上,成功研制出高效低价的新型燃煤固硫剂——DCL型燃煤固硫剂共3种配方。这种新型固硫剂以大连及周边地区的天然矿石和工业废料为原料,设计上把催化的概念引入固硫,实现了固     

AG-2燃煤固硫剂炉内喷钙催化脱硫技术的应用

文介绍了AG-2燃煤固硫剂炉内喷钙催化脱硫技术的工艺、特点以及AG-2燃煤固硫剂的固硫原理、固硫效果。采用该技术进行燃煤锅炉脱硫能达到环保排放要求。     

燃煤高温固硫机理研究

燃煤产生的SO2是主要的污染物,燃煤固硫技术可以有效控制SO2的排放。文章综述了国内外有关钙基固硫剂的固硫机理以及添加剂的固硫促进机理。结果表明:助剂的添加不仅可以催化固硫,改变固硫剂的表面结构还能有效延缓和抑制固硫产物的分解,提高固硫率。最后从燃煤粒径、钙硫比、燃烧温度、固硫剂及助剂种类和炉内气氛等方面介绍了影响固硫效率的主要因素。     

燃煤固硫效果评价方法及评价指标的研究

通过对不同燃料煤添加固硫剂前后硫排放试验研究，对不同固硫剂的固硫效果进行了测试和科学的分析评价。分析讨论了自固硫效率、最大固硫效率和有效固硫效率3种固硫效率指标在评价燃煤固硫效果时作用的差异，提出有效固硫率是评价燃煤固硫剂固硫效果最为科学可行的评价指标。     

影响型煤固硫率的主要因素

大量燃煤伴随而来的环境问题是SO2污染及酸雨．固硫型煤可降低SO2污染,改善大气环境质量,是一项投资少、见效快的实用技术．文中着重研究了固硫剂类型、Ca／S摩尔比、温度、停留时间、空气流量、固硫剂粒径及型煤粒重等因素对固硫率的影响,并研制出了高效固硫型煤．     

含锌高炉粉尘脱除燃煤烟道气中的SO2

研究了含锌高炉粉尘对燃煤产生的烟道气的脱硫行为. 实验结果表明, 在523~ 823 K温度范围内, 利用含锌高炉粉尘可以脱除烟道气中87%~ 93%的SO2, 脱硫率随烟道气温度的升高而增加,其脱硫的表观活化能为4.93 kJ/mol. 实验还发现,在1123~ 1273 K的温度范围内提高燃煤温度,含锌高炉粉尘对烟道气脱硫率无明显影响.     

燃煤固硫剂及其助剂的研制开发进展

本文介绍了国内外固（脱）硫技术的发展概况,指出燃烧中脱硫费用低,常用燃煤钙基固硫剂高温固硫率低,主要原因在于固硫剂CaO的烧结及固硫产物CaSO4的分解;这可以通过添加助剂等来提高固硫率。     

利用固体废物研制新型固硫剂

利用工业废渣研制高温固硫剂是解决中国散煤燃烧污染问题的有效措施,笔者系统地研究了影响固硫效果的因素,通过分析高温固硫剂的固硫机理,研制出以工业废料盐泥及电石渣为原料的新型固硫剂,这种固硫剂既能增加固硫剂的表面积同时也能增强固硫产物的高温稳定性,同时也对固硫添剂对燃煤的煤质的影响进行了研究,主要包括发热量、灰熔点及挥发份。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。