PAN/AN-co-ADMH共混纤维的氯化漂洗处理

采用聚丙烯腈(PAN)与丙烯腈(AN)/3-烯丙基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲(ADMH)共聚物共混湿法纺丝制备了PAN/AN-co-ADMH共混纤维,用质量分数1%的次氯酸钠溶液对共混纤维进行了漂洗处理,探讨了氯漂条件对共混纤维氯含量的影响,考察了氯漂处理后的共混纤维的耐洗涤性及再生性。结果表明:随漂洗液温度升高和氯化漂洗时间增加,共混纤维中氯含量增加;漂洗时间继续增加,纤维氯含量增势变缓;纤维氯含量随洗涤次数或漂洗次数增加均减少。     

酸性染料可染丙烯腈共聚合及聚合物性能研究

采用丙烯腈(AN)、醋酸乙烯酯(VA)与自制碱性第三单体(TAM),以NaClO3-NaHSO3为引发剂,采用水相悬浮聚合法,合成了酸性染料可染丙烯腈共聚物。研究了其聚合反应条件和聚合物的染色性能。结果表明,在实验室确立的工艺条件下,聚合物具有较好的酸性染料可染性。     

聚乙烯醇纤维及聚氯乙烯纤维

20026145用超声波技术制备的聚(乙烯醉lb一丙烯睛)乳液纺得的纤维研究1.纤维结构的特征X iao L.…;J.APPI.Polym Sei,2001.80,(7),P.979-988(英)不同AN含量的聚(乙烯醇/b一丙烯腊)的结构特征与PVA和PAN纤维进行比较研究。X衍射分析表明共聚物纤维中P VA和PAN嵌段形成了晶体。共聚物纤维的动态机械光谱出现了两个分别对应于PvA和PAN组份的玻璃化转变温度,表明在纤维中两者的不相容性。SEM直观地表明了与PAN纤维相近似的纵向有裂缝的及有沟潜表面的形态,显示了嵌段共聚物纤维具有内部微观领域分离的形态结构,TEM显示共聚物纤…     

PET-PA/PA6共混纤维的酸性染料染色性能

为开发酸性染料可染改性聚酯(PET)纤维,将不同共聚比例的PET-聚酰胺(PA)共聚物与聚己内酰胺(PA6)以不同共混比例共混纺丝,制备PET-PA/PA6共混纤维,研究了PET-PA/PA6共混物的热性能、可纺性及共混纤维的酸性染料染色性能。结果表明:PET-PA/PA6共混物中,PET-PA与PA6在无定形区是部分相容的;PET-PA/PA6共混物具有良好的可纺性,其中PA嵌段和PA6共混质量分数均为20%(PET-PA-20/PA6-20)的共混纤维的断裂强度2.54 c N/dtex、断裂伸长率31.0%,满足后续加工的要求;PA嵌段和PA6共混质量分数均为10%(PET-PA-10/PA6-10)共混纤维采用酸性染料染色时,染浴p H值应控制在4.5~5.5;升高温度和延长染色时间都能提高PET-PA-10/PA6-10共混纤维的染料上染率;随PET-PA/PA6着共聚物中PA嵌段比例的增加,共混纤维染料上染率迅速增大,PET-PA-20/PA6-20共混纤维在100℃时,酸性染料上染率可达到99.03%。     

SAN共聚物中AN含量对PVC/ABS/DOP共混物结构与性能的影响

采用半连续乳液聚合技术将聚苯乙烯(St)和丙烯腈(AN)接枝到聚丁二烯(PB)乳胶粒子上,通过改变共聚单体的投料比(St/AN)合成了一系列不同AN含量的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)接枝共聚物,将其与聚氯乙烯(PVC)和增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)熔融共混制得PVC/ABS/DOP(40/40/20)共混物。研究了共混物的热挺型性、微观形态结构和动态力学性能。结果发现,该共混物为双相连续结构,随着接枝SAN共聚物中AN含量的增加,由于DOP小分子与SAN共聚物的相互作用逐渐减弱,导致了SAN相的Tg和共混物的储能模量不断提高,改善了共混物的热挺型性,阐明了PVC/ABS/DOP共混物热挺型性的科学本质。     

聚乙烯醇纤维及聚氯乙烯纤维

20024147用由超声波技术制备的聚(乙烯醉/b一丙烯腑)乳液纺得的纤维的研究1.纤维的性质Xiao W.…;J.Appl.Polym.Sei.,2001,80,(7),p.989一994(英)随着纤维的结晶度和亲水的AN含量的增加,聚(乙烯醉/b一丙烯睛)纤维的含湿性下降。含26.94%共聚物纤维,拉伸5倍,200℃热处理,其含湿值略低于商业化的PVA纤维,但比商业化的PAN纤维高得多,嵌段共聚物纤维的保水值比常规的PvA纤维高得多。这是因为这些纤维中孔隙的存在。同时该纤维还具有比商业化的PVA、PAN、羊毛和棉纤维高的芯吸能力,这是由于纤维的沟潜表面和膨松的多孔纤维形态造成的,具…     

PVC／ABS共混体系的相容性与形态结构研究

采用种子乳液聚合技术在聚丁二烯（PB）乳胶粒子上接枝共聚苯乙烯（St）、α-甲基苯乙烯（α—MSt）和丙烯腈（AN）单体,合成了一系列不同AN结合量的ABS和α—MABS接枝共聚物。将其与聚氯乙烯（PVC）树脂熔融共混制得了PVC／AtkS共混物,利用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和动态力学分析仪（DMA）对共混物的相容性和相结构进行了表征。结果发现,在PVC／ABS共混体系中,尽管改变接枝SAN共聚物的AN结合量,PVC和ABS接枝共聚物均为不相容体系;在ABS接枝共聚物中引入α-MSt后,当接枝SAN共聚物的AN结合量为18．7％～23．6％（质量分数）时,共混物在室温以上只存在1个tanδ峰,共混物成为相容体系,当AN结合量达到32．1％（质量分数）时,共混物成为部分相容体系。共混物的相区尺寸明显地依赖于接枝SAN共聚物中的AN结合量,与动态力学性能结果表现出良好的吻合。     

聚甲基丙烯酸氨基乙酯的合成及染色性能

以白油为分散介质,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸氨基乙酯为单体,采用反相悬浮聚合法合成聚甲基丙烯酸氨基乙酯(PTAM),研究了引发剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、单体浓度对PTAM特性粘数的影响。将PTAM与聚丙烯腈(PAN)共混纺丝制得共混纤维,用酸性染料染色,考察其上染率。结果表明:合成PTAM的最佳工艺条件为引发剂质量分数0.05%,单体质量分数60%,反应温度65℃,反应时间2h,所得PTAM的特性粘数为690mL/g。染色实验结果表明,PTAM质量分数为7%时,PAN共混纤维的上染率达88%。     

PET-PEG嵌段共聚物纤维和PET/PET-PEG共混纤维的吸湿性和抗静电性能研究

本文对PET-PEG嵌段共聚物的可纺性、PET-PEG纤维和PET/PET-PEG共混纤维的吸湿性和抗静电性能进行了研究,探讨了共混纤维的抗静电机理。发现随PEG含量的增加,PET-PEG嵌段共聚物的可纺性变差,但纤维的吸湿性和抗静电性能提高,抗静电耐久性变差。PEG在PET-PEG纤维和PET/PET-PEG共混纤维中的导电机理为质子导电。PEG含量为30wt％(占 TPA)的PET-PEG嵌段共聚物与PET的共混纤维具有工业化前途。     

EPDM-g-MAN的合成及AEMS的冲击性能研究

用(乙烯/丙烯/二烯)共聚物(EPDM)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯腈(AN)进行溶液接枝共聚合成了(EPDM/MMA/AN)接枝共聚物(EPDM-g-MAN),并将其与(苯乙烯/丙烯腈)共聚物(SAN)共混制得高抗冲耐老化黄变性能优异的EPDM-g-MAN/SAN共混物(AEMS).研究了AN用量对不同EPDM-g-MAN接枝体系单体转化率(CR)、接枝率(GR)、接枝效率(GE)及AEMS缺口冲击强度的影响.结果发现,随着AN用量的增加,EPDM-g-MAN的CR逐渐下降;GR、GE在AN质量分数为5%时出现最大值;AEMS的缺口冲击强度均在AN质量分数为10%时出现最大值,为61.0 kJ/m2;EPDM相以条状形态构成的近连续相结构存在,径向尺寸较小的EPDM条形结构能诱发SAN基体剪切屈服,径向尺寸较大的EPDM条形结构仅能诱发基体空穴化.     

硫氰酸钠法高吸湿腈纶的研制

研究了丙烯酸对腈纶的吸湿改性。探讨丙烯酸共聚物的水溶性随丙烯酸-丙烯腈的共聚比而变化的规律,丙烯酸含量对改性腈纶的力学性能,回潮率和保水率的影响。结果表明,采用丙烯酸-丙烯腈投料比为1:5.7的共聚物溶液和常规腈纶纺丝原液共混纺丝,在纤维中引入质量分数2.5％的丙烯酸时,制得的高吸湿腈纶强度为1.9cN/dtex,伸长40％,回潮率和保水率分别为7.0％和20.8％。     

Studies on fibers spun from poly(vinyl alcohol‐b‐acrylonitrile) emulsions prepared by ultrasonic technique. I. Characterization of fiber structure

The structural characteristics of poly(vinyl alcohol‐b‐acrylonitrile) fibers with different AN contents were studied by comparison with that of PVA and PAN fibers. X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that both PVA and PAN blocks in the copolymer fibers formed crystals. Two glass transition temperatures corresponding to PVA and PAN components appeared on the dynamic mechanical spectrum of the copolymer fiber, indicative of their incompatibility in the fiber. SEM intuitively exhibited a longitudinal cracked and grooved surface morphology similar to that of PAN fiber and revealed an internal microdomain separation morphology for the block copolymer fibers. TEM showed a morphological structure intermediate between those of PVA and PAN fibers for the block copolymer fibers. It was also found that the copolymer fiber with the lower AN content has a sheath–core structure. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 979–988, 2001     

Studies on fibers spun from poly(vinyl alcohol‐b‐acrylonitrile) emulsions prepared by ultrasonic technique. II. Properties of the fibers

The moisture content of poly(vinyl alcohol‐b‐acrylonitrile) fibers decreases with an increasing hydrophobic AN content and crystallinity of the fibers; however, the copolymer fiber with 26.94% AN, drawn × 5, and heat‐treated at 200°C has a moisture content value slightly lower than that of commercial PVA fiber, but much higher than that of commercial PAN fiber. The block copolymer fibers have a water‐retention value higher than that of commercial PVA fiber, owing to the presence of voids in these fibers, and have a stronger wicking ability than that of commercial PVA, PAN fibers, and wool and cotton mainly due to the grooved surface and bulk porous morphology of the fibers. The tensile strength of the copolymer fibers with an appropriate AN content are lower than that of commercial PVA fiber, but higher than that of commercial PAN fiber and much higher than that of wool and cotton. The melting temperatures of the copolymer fibers increase with increasing heat‐treatment temperature. The copolymer fibers possess a lower peak cyclizing temperature than that of the PAN fiber and have a higher thermal stability than that of both PVA and PAN fibers. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 989–994, 2001     

Monte Carlo simulation of sequential structure control of AN-MA-IA aqueous copolymerization by different operation modes

The regulation of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer composition and sequence structure is the precondition for producing high-quality carbon fiber high quality. In this work, the sequential structure control of acrylonitrile (AN), methyl acrylate (MA) and itaconic acid (IA) aqueous copolymerization was investigated by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The parameters used in Monte Carlo were optimized via machine learning (ML) and genetic algorithms (GA) using the experimental data from batch copolymerization. The results reveal that it is difficult to control the aqueous copolymerization to obtain PAN copolymer with uniform sequence structure by batch polymerization with one-time feeding. By contrary, it is found that the PAN copolymer with uniform composition and sequence structure can be obtained by adjusting IA feeding quantity in each reactor of a train of five CSTRs. Hopefully, the results obtained in this work can provide valuable information for the understanding and optimization of AN copolymerization process to obtain high-quality PAN copolymer precursor.     

硫氰酸钠法高吸湿(水)腈纶纺丝工艺及其性能的研究

采用丙烯酸和丙烯腈的共聚物与聚丙烯腈共混纺丝的方法,纺制了丙烯酸改性的聚丙烯腈纤维,研究了纺丝工艺条件与改性腈纶性能之间的关系。实验结果表明:随着共混纺丝所采用的丙烯酸共聚物的共聚比的增加,改性腈纶的断裂强度有所下降,吸湿性和保水性则不断提高;采用低温干燥致密化和较低的总拉伸倍数,有利于提高改性纤维的吸湿和保水性能;随着纤度的增大,改性腈纶的回潮率和保水率渐渐减小。     

Preparation of antimicrobial polyacrylonitrile fibers: Blending with polyacrylonitrile-co-3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin

Summary Polyacrylonitrile-co-3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (Cop7-1) was prepared by a free radical polymerization process. The copolymer was blended with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in a NaSCN aqueous solution, and the mixture was employed as a spinning solution. Rheological behavior of the spinning solution was studied. The PAN/Cop7-1 blend fibers were prepared through a two-stage wet spinning process. Tensile strengths of the blend fibers were lightly lower, but breaking elongations were higher than regular PAN fibers. Moisture regain and antistatic properties of the blend fibers were improved, while the thermal stability of the blend fibers decreased slightly. However, after treatment with 1% regular chlorine bleach, the blend fibers showed good antibacterial ability.     

Effect of comonomer composition on the properties of polyacrylonitrile precursor and resulting carbon fiber

Since the itaconic acid (IA) comonomer is the potential initiator of cyclization, therefore the introduction of IA comonomer into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor can depress the onset of exotherm (or cyclized temperature) and peak temperature. However, the more the IA content, the lower the conversion of acrylonitrile (AN) in the polymerization reaction. Although 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) comonomer in PAN precursor may prevent the cyclization propagation of nitrile groups during oxidation, PAN precursor with a few percent of 2-EHA comonomer has a more preferred orientation. As the content of 2-EHA comonomer further increases, the orientation of the resulting carbon fiber decreases correspondingly. In this study, PAN precursor, with the composition of 98 mol % AN, 1.5 mol % 2-EHA, and 0.5 mol % IA, and its resulting carbon fiber have the best mechanical properties. From the results, it is shown that there is a good relationship between the tenacity and modulus of PAN precursor and those of its resulting carbon fiber.     

AN-VAc-AMPS三元共聚合研究

介绍了丙烯腈 ( A N) -醋酸乙烯 ( VAc) (或丙烯酸甲酯 ( MA ) -2 -丙烯酰胺基 -2 -甲基丙磺酸 (英文缩写 AMPS)三元共聚合体系各组分竞聚率的测定方法 ,并比较三元共聚体系和二元共聚体系的AN /VAc竞聚率 ,对三元连续共聚进行了试验 ,讨论 A MPS含量与染色性的关系 ,聚合工艺条件与转化率关系。对聚合物溶液的流变性能及纺丝工艺 ,纤维的性能作了简单介绍。聚合及纺丝试验结果证明 ,以 AMPS为第三单体的三元共聚体系可纺性良好 ,所得纤维的物理性能、染色性能、吸水性和抗静电性均优于一般腈纶