PTAM/PAN共混膜的抗静电性能研究

采用甲基丙烯酸氨基乙酯的均聚物(PTAM)与聚丙烯腈(PAN)共混,以硫氰酸钠溶液为凝固浴制备PTAM/PAN共混膜。探讨了PTAM含量、凝固时间以及凝固浴温度对共混膜抗静电性能的影响。结果表明:当共混膜中PTAM质量分数为7%、凝固时间为65 min、凝固浴温度为6℃时,PTAM/PAN共混膜体积电阻率降低到109Ω.cm。     

共混法制备酸性可染聚丙烯腈纤维

用含有碱性基团的丙烯酸氨基酯(TAM)与丙烯腈(AN)单体共聚,其共聚物与聚丙烯腈(PAN)共混,经湿法纺丝制备酸性染料可染PAN共混纤维。结果表明,AN／TAM共聚物与PAN有良好的相容性。随着TAM含量的增加,PAN共混纤维结晶度下降,力学性能下降。纤维中TAM质量分数5％较好,PAN共混纤维酸性染料上染率大于80％。     

复合引发剂合成氢氧化镁/聚丙烯酰胺

用氧化-还原引发体系((NH4)2S2O8-NaHSO3)合成了氢氧化镁-聚丙烯酰胺杂化复合絮凝剂.通过实验考察了反应温度,引发剂用量,单体用量等因素对杂化聚丙烯酰胺合成的影响,发现氢氧化镁的存在可使杂化聚合物分子量显著提高.同时考察了引发剂用量,反应时间等因素对聚合物特性粘数的影响,并利用红外光谱、热分析仪对其结构以及热性能进行了表征.实验结果表明,最佳反应条件为:引发剂用量为整个体系的0.004%,单体质量分数30%.pH值为7～8,反应时间为7 h.     

低相对分子质量聚丙烯酸钠的合成研究

以过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发体系、亚硫酸氢钠同时作链转移剂合成低相对分子质量的聚丙烯酸钠。研究了单体、引发剂及连转移剂的用量、反应温度和反应时间等对产物相对分子质量的影响。结果表明反应温度为75℃、单体用量25%～30%(质量分数,下同)、引发剂用量0.40%～0.60%、链转移剂用量4.0%～5.0%、反应时间6.0h时,可制得聚丙烯酸钠的粘均相对分子质量在2000～3000之间,单体转化率为95%以上。     

AMPS/DMAEMA/AM三元共聚物钻井液降滤失剂的研制

以丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸和甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合法制备了PAAD降滤失剂,通过单因素实验对其制备工艺进行了优化,并对降滤失剂的耐温耐盐性能进行了探究。结果表明,在丙烯酰胺、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸和甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯质量比为4∶2∶0.02、反应温度为60℃、反应时间4 h、过硫酸铵用量为混合单体质量的0.15%的最佳条件下,所制备的降滤失剂的降滤失效果最佳,抗温达210℃。     

新型水性肠溶型丙烯酸树脂乳液的制备

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)单体为原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂,非离子表面活性剂OP和阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠复配为乳化剂,以碳酸氢钠为pH值缓冲剂,采取乳液聚合的方法合成具有内增塑效果的新型水性肠溶型丙烯酸树脂乳液。并通过正交实验讨论了反应温度、反应时间、引发剂用量和乳化剂用量对乳液形成的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:反应温度75℃,反应时间4 2h,引发剂用量的质量分数为0.5%,乳化剂用量的质量分数为0.8%。     

甘蔗渣纤维素均相接枝制备阴离子吸附剂

在离子液体均相体系下,在甘蔗渣纤维素表面上接枝功能单体甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)制备一种阴离子吸附材料,研究了引发剂浓度、温度、单体用量、交联剂浓度和时间对产物接枝率的影响。结果表明,甘蔗渣纤维素与单体DMAEMA质量比为1:5,引发剂浓度为2%,交联剂浓度为3%,温度为50℃和反应时间为4 h,产物的接枝率最大为330%,在含有较低浓度的氟离子溶液中,其吸附能力为2.6 mg/g,为高效阴离子吸附剂的制备提供了理论依据。     

聚丙烯固相接枝马来酸酐的研究

采用先降解后固相接枝技术,以马来酸酐（MAH）为单体,在自制的搅拌反应器中制备了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯接枝物（PP-g-MAH）,并对其结构进行了表征与分析,研究了接枝反应时间、接枝反应温度、引发剂质量分数和单体质量分数对接枝率的影响。结果表明,接枝反应温度为120℃、引发剂质量分数为4%、单体质量分数为14%、接枝反应时间为2.5h时,可得到接枝率为2.85%的PP-g-MAH。     

磺基甜菜碱型两性离子聚合物的合成

以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基胺(DM)和1,3-丙基磺内酯为原料,在55℃下反应20 h,合成了3-(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲胺基)丙磺酸盐(DMAPS);并在盐溶液中与丙烯酰胺(AM)单体进行自由基共聚合反应,获得了净电荷为零的磺基甜菜碱型两性离子共聚物P(AM-DMAPS);采用红外光谱对共聚物进行表征;考察了总单体的质量分数、单体摩尔分数、引发剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、c(NaCl)以及氧化剂与还原剂的物质的量比等因素对聚合反应的影响;获得最佳反应条件:总单体的质量分数25%,x(DMAPS)=5%,w(引发剂)=0.03%,反应时间10 h,反应温度25℃,c(盐)=0.5 mol/L,n(氧化剂)∶n(还原剂)=1.4∶1。在此条件下获得的共聚物特性粘数为18.5 mL/g。     

疏水缔合型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺的合成及絮凝性能

以甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯(TFEMA)为疏水单体、丙烯酰胺(AM)为主单体、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为阳离子单体,以过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠为复合引发剂,采用自由基胶束聚合法合成了共聚物P(AM-DMC-TFEMA)。分别考察了反应温度、引发剂用量、单体总质量分数及反应时间对P(AM-DMC-TFEMA)的产率及阳离子度的影响。确定较佳工艺条件为:反应温度65℃,引发剂用量占单体总质量的2%,单体总质量分数26%,反应时间3 h。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)和环境扫描电镜(ESEM)对其结构进行了表征。同时考察了P(AM-DMCTFEMA)对硅藻土悬浮液的絮凝效果,结果表明,其对硅藻土具有良好的絮凝效果,絮凝时间仅为20 s,合成的共聚物上清液透过率为97.31%。     

Degree of conversion of a copolymer of an experimental monomer and methyl methacrylate for dental applications

The aim of this study was to determine the degree of double bond conversion of the copolymer of an experimental monomer and methyl methacrylate after photopolymerization. A mixture of an experimental monomer with four methacrylate groups and methyl methacrylate monomer (mass ratio 70 : 30) was polymerized by using various concentrations of light initiator system. The degree of conversion was determined with FTIR spectrometry. A photopolymerized 2,2‐bis[4‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methacryloxypropoxy)‐ phenyl]propane/triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (mass ratio 40 : 60) copolymer was used as a control material for degree of conversion. The maximum degree of conversion for the experimental monomer/methyl methacrylate copolymer was 62% and was obtained with 2 wt % initiator concentration. It was comparable to that of the control polymer (64%). The results of this study suggest that the experimental monomer/methyl methacrylate system can be polymerized by light initiator system. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 1908–1912, 2004     

含氟丙烯酸酯共聚乳液的制备及表征

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸丁酯（BA）等为主要单体,丙烯酸全氟烷基酯（Zonyl TM）为含氟单体,甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEMA）为交联单体,采用种子乳液聚合法制备了含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物乳液。研究了Zonyl TM、HEMA、引发齐（APS）用量、复合乳化剂（SDS/OP—10）、聚合温度、聚合时间和搅拌速度等因素对聚合反应最终转化率、耐水性和乳液稳定性的影响。制备的乳液单体总转化率高,乳液凝聚率低,聚合反应稳定,涂膜的综合性能优良。此外,含氟乳胶膜对水的接触角及TG分析结果表明,Zonyl TM有效参与了共聚反应,提高了涂膜的耐水性及耐热性。     

Monomer Effects on Emulsion Polymerization with ASR as the Surfactant

In this paper, alkali soluble resin (ASR) was evaluated as a surfactant in the emulsion polymerizations of methyl methacrylate (MMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), and butyl methacrylate (BMA). It was found that the number of particles formed was proportional to the hydrophilicity of monomer and the concentration of initiator. Kinetic analysis indicated that the monomer concentration within the latex particle influences the average number of radicals per latex particle. The increase of monomer concentration within the particle enhances radical desorption from the particle and reduces the average number of radicals per particle. Experimental results show that the grafting reaction of ASR is proportional to the concentration of initiator or ASR. But the hydrophilicity of monomer is the major factor which influences the grafting reaction. This phenomenon is due to the fact that particle nucleation is different between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomer.     

Factorial experimental design approach in semicontinuous emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate to study the effect of process variables

This article describes the effect of various process variables in the semicontinuous emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate. A series of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) emulsions were prepared using ammonium persulphate as initiator in absence and presence of Dowfax 2AI as surfactant. The effect of process variables such as initiator concentration, monomer concentration (solid content), surfactant concentration, reaction temperature, monomer feeding time, and holding time were systematically studied on monomer conversion, particle size, gel content, and molecular weight using a two‐level fractional factorial experimental method. Analysis of fractional factorial design revealed that surfactant concentration, monomer concentration, initiator concentration, and monomer feeding time affect all the properties. However, the surfactant concentration and the interaction effect of initiator and monomer feeding time are the key variables influencing the properties of PMMA latex. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Kinetic study of emulsion copolymerization of ethyl methacrylate/lauryl methacrylate in propylene glycol,stabilized with poly(ethylene oxide)–block–polystyrene–block–poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer

The kinetics of emulsion copolymerization of ethyl methacrylate (EMA)/lauryl methacrylate (LMA) in propylene glycol is very similar to the emulsion copolymerizations of water‐soluble monomers in water because of the high solubility of EMA/LMA in propylene glycol. The initial rate of polymerization depends only on initiator concentration and is not affected by either monomer concentration or stabilizer concentration. The overall rate of polymerization is only slightly dependent on monomer concentration and stabilizer concentration and is independent of initiator concentration. The final particle number density increases with increasing amount of stabilizer and decreases with increasing monomer concentration. The total surface area increases with stabilizer concentration and is not governed by either initiator concentration or monomer concentration. Homogeneous nucleation is the dominant mechanism of particle nucleation, as shown by the kinetic data on seeded polymerization and monomer partition behavior. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1691–1704, 2001     

Study on the Copolymerization Kinetics of 8-Quinolinyl Methacrylate with Methyl Methacrylate,n-Butyl Methacrylate and Styrene

Abstract

The 8-quinolinyl methacrylate (8-QMA) monomer was prepared and characterized by the conventional methods of analysis. The 8-QMA monomer was copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA), n-butyl methacrylate (BMA) and styrene under different monomer feed ratio using azobisisobutyronitrilic (AIBN) as an initiator by solution copolymerization. The polymerization reaction was allowed to proceed only upto sim; 10%. The composition of the resulting copolymers was determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry and reactivity ratio for each monomer pair was calculated. The relative reactivity of the monomers was discussed on the basis of the size of alkyl group in methacrylates and effect of resonance on the stability of the styryl radicals during the copolymerization.     

Synthesis of novel macromonomers with polyether possessing fluorine and their polymerization

Novel styrene-type and methacrylate (MA)-type macromonomers with polyether(poly(oxytetramethylene)) possessing a fluorobutyl terminal group were synthesized by the reaction between 4-aminostyrene or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and polyether with a fluoroformyl group at one chain end (prepolymer), which was prepared by the ring-opening polymerization of THF with hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) as an initiator. Macromonomers were easily prepared by mixing a solution containing the prepolymer with 4-aminostyrene or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate for several minutes at room temperature. The obtained macromonomers can polymerize with either radical or anionic initiator to afford polystyrene or poly(MA) with polyether grafted segment in each monomer unit.     

NaCl/SDS协同作用下超声辐射引发MMA无皂乳液聚合的研究

在超声辐射下,未添加引发剂,以NaCl和小于临界胶束浓度的乳化剂（十二烷基硫酸钠,SDS）混合水溶液为介质,快速无皂乳液聚合甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）,获得稳定的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯白色乳液。讨论了超声功率、乳化剂浓度和无机盐浓度对单体转化率的影响;比较单体MMA和聚合物PMMA的红外光谱图（FT-IR）,发现聚合后1637cm-1处的C=C双键吸收峰几乎消失,这表明单体MMA在超声辐射条件下已基本上聚合;聚合物PMMA的GPC曲线为单峰,Mn=384706,Mw=529554,PDI=1.37,聚合物分子量较大,分布较窄;TEM观察发现,得到的乳胶粒大小、分布均匀,粒径较小;探讨了超声辐照无皂乳液聚合的可能过程。     

高固含量丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的研制

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为硬单体、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为软单体、丙烯酸(AA)为功能单体和过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用不同的反应性乳化剂合成了固含量为50%～60%的丙烯酸酯无皂乳液。讨论了反应性乳化剂的种类及用量对无皂乳液性能及粒径等影响。结果表明:当反应温度为80～85℃、反应性乳化剂为烯丙氧基壬基酚聚氧乙烯硫酸铵(DNS-86)且w(DNS-86)=4%～5%时,无皂乳液的固含量高达60%左右、凝胶率几乎为零且粒径相对较小。