聚硅氧烷改性苯丙乳液──Ⅰ共混改性

聚合物乳液的共混改性可以得到一些独特的性能，改性的效果取决于共混聚合物的相容性及其形态结构，也取决于共混乳液的稳定性。本文研究了聚硅氧烷改性苯丙乳液的稳定性，聚硅氧烷改性橡胶膜的形态结构、两相间相容性，及其对改性橡胶膜力学性能的影响。ＥＳＣＡ和ＳＥＭ结果表明改性橡胶膜中存在明显的相分离，聚硅氧烷在膜的表面富集；通过接枝共聚使苯丙乳液粒子中含有部分聚硅氧烷，或聚硅氧烷乳液粒子中含有部分苯丙共聚物，两者都能降低两相间的界面张力，改善两相间的相容性，从而明显提高改性橡胶膜的力学强度，但只有当聚硅氧烷分子链与苯丙分子链通过接枝和机械缠结，才能明显抑制有机硅分子链向膜的表面迁移。     

乳液的发展及蜡乳液的应用

蜡乳液作为特种蜡的一个重要类别,由于其特殊的性质发展潜力巨大.从乳液发展、乳液分类、乳液稳定性等几方面进行了考察,阐述了蜡乳液的应用前景,对蜡乳液的研发工作提出了指导和建议.     

有机硅乳液的研究及进展

聚合物乳液及技术已成为高分子材料科学和工程的重要领域,在国民经济中发挥着巨大的作用。本文介绍了五种类型的有机硅乳液:聚硅氧烷乳液、硅微乳、聚硅氧烷/丙烯酸酯共混乳液、共聚乳液及复合乳液。阐述了各种乳液的制备方法,对各种乳液的性能及应用进行了综合评价,提出了有机硅乳液的发展前景。     

硅丙乳液的性能对比研究

通过平行对比试验,研究市场上的硅丙乳液在性能上的差异,并且与外墙纯丙和苯丙乳液中具有代表性的品牌进行对比,得出硅丙与纯丙和苯丙乳液在性能上的差异。     

合成树脂乳液技术发展动态

本文主要叙述了近年来合成树脂乳液的开发及其应用,简要综述了今后的发展方向和我国合成树脂乳液的现状。     

乳液型纸塑复合胶粘剂的研制

采用预化半连续乳液聚合工艺，合成了一种丙烯酸酯类乳液，将其与自制水性松香乳液，VAE乳液复配制成复合乳液胶粘剂，用于包装和印刷行业的纸塑复合。剥离强度达到了3.8N/25mm，探讨了单体，引发剂，乳化剂，聚合方法等对丙烯酸酯乳液的影响。考察了松香树脂，VAE乳液影响产品性能的因素。     

乳液聚合新进展

对近十年来乳液聚合中的规乳液聚合,微乳液聚合,反相乳液聚合以及以无皂乳液聚合等几个方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

分解炉扩径的技术改造

我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

生物油的成分分析及物性测定

以添加FeCl2的ZnCl2-KCl混合熔盐裂解纤维素和秸秆,制得生物油。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱法和气相色谱-质谱法分析生物油的成分。结果表明,生物油中成分复杂,含有氧元素、多种有机化合物,主要包括酮类、醛类、酚类及羧酸类等。测定了20～80℃生物油的密度和粘度,发现生物油的密度与温度呈较好线性关系,而生物油的粘度均大于水的粘度,且不同熔盐体系对秸秆生物油的粘度无较大影响。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitosan on the kinetics of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003     

Process of acceleration of filtration of viscose

Conclusions It is significant that the purification on a single passage of viscose through porous ceramic corresponds to the result of a two-stage filtration of it in industrial filter-presses with standard fillings.Kiev Combine. Kiev Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 20–22, May–June, 1969.     

Approximation of temperature dependence of the modulus of elasticity of glass

A refined nonlinear value of the main parameter of a material, i.e., the elongation modulus versus the instant temperature value, was suggested for introduction into the computational algorithm of tempering stresses.