MAH-g-SBS对SBS/PA6共混体系力学性能的影响

采用马来酸酐(MAH)熔融接枝热塑性弹性体(SBS),然后再与PA6进行共混的改性方法。研究了MAH接枝SBS时引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)的用量为0.05%和0.1%时对PA6力学性能的影响,着重研究了SBS-g-MAH的加入对PA6低温冲击性能的影响。结果表明:当共混物中SBS-g-MAH含量为40%时,共混物的常温冲击强度提高了3.4倍,低温(-30℃)冲击强度提高了4倍,得到了韧性较高的PA6/SBS的共混材料。     

硅橡胶与SBS的共混研究

探讨了硅橡胶与苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物(SBS)共混制备复合材料的技术可行性,研究了共混条件、共混组成对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,硅橡胶与SBS共混的最佳条件是SBS质量分数为10%,共混温度140~150℃,共混时间15~20min。SBS与硅橡胶共混,可提高硅橡胶的拉伸强度,当SBS的质量分数增加到10%时,其拉伸强度最大;断裂伸长率则随SBS的质量分数的增加而下降,但在SBS的质量分数为5%~20%时,其断裂伸长率基本无变化。SBS的引入可提高硅橡胶/SBS共混胶海绵的硬度和拉伸强度,并在一定程度上改变了泡孔的形态和结构,这也是引起硅橡胶/SBS共混胶海绵硬度和强度变化的主要因素;加入SBS后,其压缩性能有所下降。     

动态硫化乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物/苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物复合改性沥青的性能

用乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)和苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)复合改性沥青,研究了EVA/SBS复合改性沥青动态硫化前后的软化点、针入度(25 ℃)、延度(5 ℃)及贮存稳定性,并用应变控制流变仪与光学显微镜分析了复合改性沥青的动态力学性能和相态结构.结果表明,动态硫化处理后,EVA/SBS复合改性沥青的延度和针入度下降,而软化点提高;随着硫黄用量的增加,EVA/SBS复合改性沥青的高温贮存稳定性提高,温度敏感性降低;随着EVA用量的增加,EVA/SBS复合改性沥青的高温贮存稳定性先提高后降低;当EVA质量分数为3%、硫黄质量分数为3%时,其对沥青的改性效果最佳;改性剂微粒与沥青的相容性和稳定性明显改善.     

PP/SBS/WGRT热塑性弹性体的制备及性能

用熔融法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/废旧轮胎胶粉(WGRT)共混体系,通过苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯热塑性弹性体(SBS)界面增容,获得了热塑性弹性体(TPE),对其力学性能和微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明:对于PP/WGRT共混体系,随着PP含量的增加,拉伸强度和模量趋于急剧增加,断裂伸长率均低于100%;采用SBS增容后,复合体系拉伸强度和撕裂强度获得显著提高,断裂伸长率最高可达120%,共混体系符合弹性体特征。拉伸断面的形貌研究表明,增容后体系的界面的结合获得极大的改善。     

雷达罩用高性能氰酸酯树脂制备及性能

采用马来酸酐(MAH)改性低分子量聚苯醚(PPE),通过熔融共混法将改性聚苯醚(MAH–PPE)与氰酸酯(CE)树脂进行共混,分析研究MAH–PPE添加量对CE体系热性能、力学性能和介电性能的影响。研究结果表明,MAH–PPE对CE树脂的固化具有明显催化作用,动态热机械和热重分析表明,加入MAH–PPE对CE的耐热性影响不大,随着MAH–PPE添加量的增加,CE体系的玻璃化转变温度和最大热分解温度与纯CE相比基本保持不变。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,当MAH–PPE质量分数低于10%时,MAH–PPE与CE具有良好的界面作用,表现出典型的韧性断裂,随着MAH–PPE添加量的增加,CE/MAH–PPE体系呈现微观相分离。冲击强度测试结果表明,当MAH–PPE质量分数为10%时,CE/MAH–PPE体系的冲击强度达到43.36 kJ/m2,比纯CE提高140.9%,增韧效果达到最佳。介电性能测试结果表明,随着MAH–PPE质量分数的增加,CE/MAH–PPE体系呈现出较好的介电性能,当MAH–PPE质量分数为30%时,CE/MAH–PPE体系在10 GHz下的介电常数和介电损耗角正切值分别为2.84和9.35‰,比纯CE分别降低7.5%和30.8%。     

磷酸盐基（苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯）嵌段共聚物离聚体的结构、性能及应用

由环氧化的苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)与磷酸氢二钠通过开环反应制备了含磷酸二钠基的SBS离聚体(PSBS),研究了PSBS的形态结构、混炼胶力学性能的影响因素、PSBS/聚丙烯(PP)共混物的力学性能以及PSBS对SBS/氯醚橡胶(CHR)共混物的增容作用.结果表明,磷酸盐基SBS离聚体呈大小不一、形状不规则的离子微区;当硬脂酸锌用量为PSBS质量分数的10%、离子基团含量为0.95 mmol/g时,PSBS混炼胶的力学性能最佳,且呈现热塑性弹性体行为;PSBS与PP共混,其拉伸强度与组成呈现协同效应,且耐甲苯性提高;PSBS可作为SBS/CHR共混物的增容刺,其最佳质量分数为3%,离聚体的加入有助于改善共混物的耐油性和相客性.     

不同接枝率的增容剂对PA66/PP共混物结构与性能的影响

用熔融接枝的方法以苯乙烯(St)作共单体将马来酸酐(MAH)接枝于乙丙共聚物VERSIFY(V)上,制得不同MAH相对接枝率的接枝物V-g-(MAH-co-St),用双螺杆挤出机制备了V-g-(MAH-co-St)增容的尼龙(PA)66/聚丙烯(PP)共混物。利用扫描电子显微镜、熔体流动速率(MFR)和力学性能等测试方法,研究了不同MAH相对接枝率的增容剂V-g-(MAH-co-St)对PA66/PP共混物形态结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,提高St的含量可以得到高MAH相对接枝率的V-g-(MAH-co-St),当MAH/St质量比从2/1变为1/1时,接枝率显著提高,继续提高St含量,接枝率提高幅度减小。V-g-(MAH-co-St)可使共混物中PP分散相的尺寸减小、分散均匀。当增容剂质量分数从0%增加到10%时,共混物的力学性能在总体上得到提高,MFR迅速降低;增容剂中MAH相对接枝率越高,共混物的弯曲强度越高,MFR越低,而缺口冲击强度相差不大。当增容剂质量分数从10%增加到25%时,共混物的缺口冲击强度大幅提高,且MAH相对接枝率越高,其提高的幅度越大,但拉伸强度和弯曲强度均明显下降,MFR下降幅度变小。     

EVA对PMVS橡胶的增强改性

采用机械共混法制备了乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)增强甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(PMVS),并对影响PMVS/EVA共混物力学性能的因素及体系的微观结构、热稳定性能进行了表征与分析.结果表明,当EVA用量相同时,醋酸乙烯酯(VA)质量分数对PMVS的力学性能有影响,其中,EVA630(VA质量分数为15%)最能有效地改善PMVS的强度; 随着EVA630用量的增加,PMVS/EVA共混物的拉伸强度先降后升,当EVA用量为40 份时,共混物的力学性能最佳;当EVA用量为40 份时,共混物的热稳定性能较好,SEM照片显示其微观形貌为双连续相结构.     

SBS/PS共混物力学性能及老化行为研究

通过熔融共混法制备苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)/聚苯乙烯(PS)共混物,研究共混物的力学性能、熔体流动速率、耐热性能及耐老化性能。结果表明,随着PS质量分数由0增加到40%,SBS/PS共混物拉伸屈服强度由4.71 MPa增至12.11 MPa;SBS/PS的冲击强度呈现下降趋势;SBS/PS共混物的熔体流动速率由0.60g/10min下降至0.14g/10min,SBS/PS共混物的维卡软化点由53.8℃升到72.1℃。热氧、光氧、人工气候老化试验发现,随着PS用量的增加,SBS/PS共混物的耐热氧、耐光氧及耐老化能力增强。     

SBS/TPU/EVA共混体系三相共连续形态的设计与制备

利用铺展系数法对苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)/热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)三元共混体系的热力学稳定相形态进行预测,以SBS、TPU和EVA为原料,通过转矩流变仪制备了基于三元共连续结构的SBS/TPU/EVA共混材料。研究了各相组分比及加工工艺对三元共混物热力学稳定相形态的影响。结果表明,在转矩加工过程中,TPU倾向于迁移分布在SBS/EVA两相界面处;两组分间的界面张力是否相互匹配是三元共连续结构形成的前提条件;存在最优的组分体积分数比范围,在该范围内得到的三元共连续结构较为完善。     

Preparation and properties of dynamically cured PP/MAH‐g‐EVA/epoxy blends

A method concerning with the simultaneous reinforcing and toughening of polypropylene (PP) was reported. Dynamical cure of the epoxy resin with 2‐ethylene‐4‐methane‐imidazole (EMI‐2,4) was successfully applied in the PP/maleic anhydride‐grafted ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (MAH‐g‐EVA), and the obtained blends named as dynamically cured PP/MAH‐g‐EVA/epoxy blends. The stiffness and toughness of the blends are in a good balance, and the smaller size of epoxy particle in the PP/MAH‐g‐EVA/epoxy blends shows that MAH‐g‐EVA was also used as a compatibilizer. The structure of the dynamically cured PP/MAH‐g‐EVA/epoxy blends is the embedding of the epoxy particles by the MAH‐g‐EVA. The cured epoxy particles as organic filler increases the stiffness of the PP/MAH‐g‐EVA blends, and the improvement in the toughness is attributed to the embedded structure. The tensile strength and flexural modulus of the blends increase with increasing the epoxy resin content, and the impact strength reaches a maximum of 258 J/m at the epoxy resin content of 10 wt %. DSC analysis shows that the epoxy particles in the dynamically cured PP/MAH‐g‐EVA/epoxy blends could have contained embedded MAH‐g‐EVA, decreasing the nucleating effect of the epoxy resin. Thermogravimetric results show the addition of epoxy resin could improve the thermal stability of PP, the dynamically cured PP/MAH‐g‐EVA/epoxy stability compared with the pure PP. Wide‐angle x‐ray diffraction analysis shows that the dynamical cure and compatibilization do not disturb the crystalline structure of PP in the blends. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Toughening effects of ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymers with different vinyl acetate content and viscosity on nylon 1010 blends

Nylon 1010 blends with ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and maleated ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA‐g‐MAH) were prepared through melt blending. The vinyl acetate (VA) content and viscosity of EVA significantly affected the notched impact strength of nylon/EVA/EVA‐g‐MAH (80/15/5) blends. The nylon/EVA/EVA‐g‐MAH blends with high notched impact strength (over 60 kJ/m²) were obtained when the VA content in EVA ranged from 28 to 60 wt%. The effect of VA content on the notched impact strength of blends was related to the glass transition temperature for EVA with high VA content and crystallinity for EVA with low VA content. For nylon blends with EVA with the same VA content, low viscosity of EVA led to high notched impact strength. Fracture morphology of nylon/EVA/EVA‐g‐MAH (80/15/5) blends showed that blends with ductile fracture behavior usually had large matrix plastic deformation, which was the main energy dissipation mechanism. A relationship between the notched impact strength and the morphology of nylon/EVA/EVA‐g‐MAH (80/15/5) blends was well correlated by the interparticle distance model. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Properties of uncompatibilized and compatibilized poly(butylene terephthalate)–LLDPE blends

In this work, blends of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) were prepared. LLDPE was used as an impact modifier. Since the system was found to be incompatible, compatibilization was sought for by the addition of the following two types of functionalized polyethylene: ethylene vinylacetate copolymer (EVA) and maleic anhydride‐grafted EVA copolymer (EVA‐g‐MAH). The effects of the compatibilizers on the rheological and mechanical properties of the blends have been also quantitatively investigated. The impact strength of the PBT–LLDPE binary blends slightly increased at a lower concentration of LLDPE but increased remarkably above a concentration of 60 wt % of LLDPE. The morphology of the blends showed that the LLDPE particles had dispersed in the PBT matrix below 40 wt % of LLDPE, while, at 60 wt % of LLDPE, a co‐continuous morphology was obtained, which could explain the increase of the impact strength of the blend. Generally, the mechanical strength was decreased by adding LLDPE to PBT. Addition of EVA or EVA‐g‐MAH as a compatibilizer to PBT–LLDPE (70/30) blend considerably improved the impact strength of the blend without significantly sacrificing the tensile and the flexural strength. More improvement in those mechanical properties was observed in the case of the EVA‐g‐MAH system than for the EVA system. A larger viscosity increase was also observed in the case of the EVA‐g‐MAH than EVA. This may be due to interaction of the EVA‐g‐MAH with PBT. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 72: 989–997, 1999     

Reactive compatibilization of the poly(butylene terephthalate)–EVA blend by maleic anhydride. II. Correlations among gel contents,grafting yields,and mechanical properties

Correlations among the degree of crosslinking of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), the grafting yield of maleic anhydride (MAH) onto EVA, and the mechanical properties of the blends of poly(butylene terephtalate) (PBT) with EVA‐g‐MAH were investigated. The EVA was functionalized by melt grafting reaction in the presence of MAH and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) using a plasticorder. The grafting yield of MAH was increased by increasing the concentration of MAH and DCP. The flexural strength of PBT–EVA‐g‐MAH blends depends on both the grafting yield of MAH and the degree of crosslinking of EVA, while the crosslinked parts of EVA‐g‐MAH hindered rather than improved the tensile strength regardless of the increase of the grafting yield of MAH. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1305–1310, 2003     

Morphology and properties of PBT/nylon 6/EVA‐g‐MAH ternary blends prepared by reactive extrusion

Morphology and properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/nylon 6 (PA6)/EVA‐g‐MAH ternary blends were investigated. The blends were prepared in a corotating, intermeshing, twin‐screw extruder. The incorporation of maleic anhyride (MAH) grafted onto ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (EVA‐g‐MAH) in the PBT/PA6 binary blends decreased the tensile and flexural strength but increased the impact strength, while the mechanical properties of the PBT/PA6 blends were decreased with increasing PA6 content regardless of the presence or absence of the EVA‐g‐MAH. The morphology studies of the ternary blends showed gross phase separation. The rheological properties of the ternary blends suggested that excessively high reactivity between amine end groups of PA6 and MAH grafted onto EVA makes the compatibility between PBT and PA6 worse, although EVA‐g‐MAH was expected to work as a compatibilizer for PBT/PA6 blends. The degree of reactivity between functional groups in PBT, PA6, and EVA‐g‐MAH was also examined by investigating the effect of blending sequence on the properties of the ternary blends.     

Blends of i‐PP and SBS. I. Influence of the in situ compatibilization on the morphology

This article concerns the in situ compatibilization of immiscible isotactic polypropylene/butadiene‐styrene‐butadiene triblock copolymer blends (i‐PP/SBS) by means of a reactive mixture. For this purpose, maleated PP (PP‐MAH) and SBS (SBS‐MAH) were used as functionalized polymers and 4,4′‐diaminediphenylmethane was used as a coupling agent between maleated polymers, resulting in a graft copolymer. Binary blends i‐PP/SBS, nonreactive ternary blends i‐PP/PP‐MAH/SBS, and reactive ternary blends i‐PP/PP‐MAH/SBS‐MAH with varying diamine and anhydride molar ratios were prepared. Torque measurements suggest a graft copolymerization during the melt blending for ternary reactive blends, but the extension of the grafting does not vary with the diamine and anhydride molar ratio, but with the elastomer concentration. The morphology of the blends was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The morphology of binary and ternary nonreactive blends is similar, exhibiting elastomer domains disperse in the i‐PP matrix, whose sizes increase with elastomer concentration. On the other hand, the elastomer domain size in the ternary reactive blends is practically independent of the blends composition and of the diamine and anhydride molar ratio. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 847–855, 2002     

Study on properties and stress relaxation behavior of oil-extended SBS/LLDPE/EVA blends

In order to explore and develop a new sealing material, the oil-extended styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)/Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) blends were prepared by melt mixing method and the effects of components on mechanical, rheological properties, and microstructure of the blends were investigated. The results showed that the resilience of the blends was barely changed during three-time cyclic compression. The increase of oil-extended SBS content would reduce the hardness of the blends as well as its compatibility and increase the melt flow rate. An increase in the LLDPE content, however, has the opposite effect on the blends. In contrast, EVA has little effect on the mechanical and rheological properties of the blends, but its addition could improve the transparency of samples effectively while promote the phase separation of the sample and complicate its microstructure. The master curve of stress relaxation modulus obtained by time–temperature superposition principle could be used to predict the long-term (1.5 × 10⁸ s, about 4.7 years) stress relaxation behavior of the blends at room temperature while the correlation coefficient of the shift factor fitting is 0.987. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48930.     

Effect of maleic anhydride graft ratio on mechanical properties and morphology on nylon 11/ethylene‐octene copolymer blends

Mechanical properties and morphologies of nylon 11/ethylene‐octene copolymer blends have been investigated. The ethylene‐octene copolymer (POE) employed in this study was grafted with maleic anhydride (MAH) and thus has the potential to react with the amine group of nylon 11. Nylon 11/POE‐g‐MAH and nylon 11/POE/POE‐g‐MAH blends with varying MAH graft ratios were prepared. In this paper, the effect of MAH graft ratio on ductile‐brittle transition temperature (DBTT), mechanical properties, and morphology of blends was studied. The results showed that incorporation of POE‐g‐MAH could remarkably improve the compatibility between the nylon and POE elastomers, thus increasing the toughness of the resultant blends. The compatibilizing effect on impact strength became more pronounced with increasing MAH graft ration. DBTTs of blends were initially lowered dramatically with the increasing maleic anhydride graft ratio, but over 0.56% MAH content, DBTTs of blends did not drop further, while tensile strength and tensile modulus dropped slightly because of the decreased glass transition temperature (Tg) of nylon 11/POE blends, resulting from the increased compatibility between the two phases. The role of MAH graft ratio on the POE particle size and dispersion of POE on nylon 11 matrix was also studied.     

Fracture toughness evaluation of K resin® grafted with maleic anhydride‐ compatibilized polyamide 6/K resin® blends

The mechanical behavior and fracture toughness of polyamide 6 (PA6)/K resin^® (K) blends, with and without maleic anhydride‐grafted K resin^® (K‐g‐MAH) incorporated, have been investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength of PA6/K blends were improved considerably on incorporating K‐g‐MAH. This results from the improvement of compatibility between the PA6 and K phases. The essential work of fracture (EWF) method was employed to determine the fracture toughness of PA6/K blends with and without K‐g‐MAH incorporated. The effect of composition on the EWF parameters of the blends was particularly investigated. The results showed that a significant improvement in the specific EWF (w_e) of PA6/K blends occurred when K‐g‐MAH was incorporated. The effect of K‐g‐MAH content on the fracture toughness of the PA6/K/K‐g‐MAH blends was mainly achieved through its influence on the specific essential and nonessential work of fracture in the yielding process. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Blends of i‐PP and SBS. II. Influence of in situ compatibilization on the mechanical properties

This article concerns the in situ compatibilization of immiscible isotatic polypropylene/styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer blends (i‐PP/SBS) by use of a reactive mixture. For this purpose, maleated PP (PP–MAH) and SBS (SBS–MAH) were used as functionalized polymers and 4,4′‐diaminediphenylmethane was used as a coupling agent between maleated polymers, resulting in a graft copolymer. Binary blends of i‐PP/SBS, nonreactive ternary blends of i‐PP/PP–MAH/SBS, and reactive ternary blends of i‐PP/PP–MAH/SBS–MAH with varying diamine/anhydride molar ratios were prepared. The mechanical properties of the blends were determined by tensile and impact‐resistance tests. The optimum improvement in the mechanical properties was found when the diamine/anhydride molar ratio in the ternary reactive blends was 0.5/1. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 516–522, 2003