共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 281 毫秒
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人造板用胶粘剂的发展趋势 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
2000年世界人造板的产量为1.54亿m3,耗用370万t胶粘剂。人造板工业使用的三大胶是脲醛树脂胶、酚醛树脂胶和三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂胶。脲醛树脂胶作为主要品种,用量超过250万t/a,降低树脂制备中甲醛/尿素的物料配比、添加甲醛捕集剂是减少甲醛释放量的有效方法,但需引入耐水性物质改善树脂的耐水性;以尿素代替部分三聚氰胺制备三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂,可降低树脂的成本,但要达到较好的耐老化性,三聚氰胺和尿素的比例应大于40:60;提高固化速度、降低固化温度是酚醛树脂的发展趋势,引入金属离子、提高碱性、提高聚合度和外加固化促进剂是主要途径。低毒、优质的木材胶粘剂将越来越受到关注。 相似文献
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Recycling and reuse of wood-based panels has been attracting great attention since it is an environmentally friendly means of managing wood waste. The recycled wood-based panels usually still contain adhesive residue. In the current research, the impact of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin, one of the most widely used adhesives, on recycling and reconstitution of wood-based products has been evaluated by adding cured UF resin particles into a new adhesive system. The morphology, chemical structure, curing behavior, and bonding quality of an adhesive system containing 0–6% previously cured resin particles of varied sizes (< 600 μm) were investigated and compared to those properties of a regular adhesive without any impurity. Three-ply plywood glued with a UF adhesive containing 0–10 wt% previously cured resin of varied particle sizes (< 600 μm) were prepared and characterized. The results indicated that the resin residue could significantly affect the curing behavior and bonding quality of the new adhesive system. Higher content and greater size of the particles caused more severe deterioration in the bonding strength. 相似文献
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脲醛树脂是广泛用于木材工业中一种重要的胶粘剂,影响脲醛树脂甲醛含量的因素有多个方面,为寻求合适的工艺条件以提高脲醛树脂胶粘剂的综合性能,通过改变尿素与甲醛的摩尔质量比及控制反应时间等途径优化了环保型脲醛树脂胶粘剂的合成方法.实验结果表明:在U/F=1:2.0,pH达到5~6时反应40分钟,此时的胶粘剂甲醛含量与粘性的综合情况最佳. 相似文献
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木质素在脲醛树脂胶粘剂中的应用 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
为解决脲醛树脂(UF)胶粘剂中游离甲醛含量偏高等问题,首先确定了n[甲醛(F)]∶n[尿素(U)]的合适比例,然后以羟甲基化木质素作为UF的改性剂,制备木质素改性UF胶粘剂。研究了木质素的种类及用量对UF各项性能的影响。结果表明:UF中游离甲醛含量随n(F)∶n(U)比例增加而增大;在UF改性过程中,硝酸木质素对游离甲醛的捕捉能力优于硫酸木质素,当w(硝酸木质素)=30%(相对于尿素总质量而言)时,游离甲醛含量(0.126%)相对最低;木质素加入的同时还有助于提高改性UF胶粘剂的胶接强度和耐水性。 相似文献
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基于膨润土的脲醛树脂填料的开发与性能研究 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
比较了面粉、膨润土及其用量对脲醛(UF)树脂胶粘剂的pH值、固含量、固化时间和胶合强度的影响,探讨了膨润土用作胶粘剂填料的可行性。研究结果表明:随着膨润土用量的增加,UF树脂胶粘剂的pH值、固化时间和固含量呈递增趋势,游离甲醛含量明显下降;随着面粉用量的增加,UF树脂胶粘剂的固含量和固化时间呈递增趋势(但增幅比膨润土体系小),pH值有所降低;用添加膨润土的UF树脂胶粘剂生产的胶合板,当w(膨润土)≤20%、施胶量为280~300 g/m2时,胶合板的湿态胶合强度(1.69 MPa)比面粉体系(1.53 MPa)和纯UF树脂胶粘剂体系(1.09 MPa)的高,其湿态胶合强度能达到GB 9 846-1988的标准,而干态胶合强度则远高于GB 9 846-1988标准。 相似文献
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探讨了改性剂对降低游离甲醛含量、改善胶粘剂性能的作用机理,研究了三聚氰胺、聚乙烯醇(PVA)改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂(UF胶)的制备工艺和配方,实验得出:采用弱碱-弱酸-弱碱的工艺,添加适量三聚氰胺和聚乙烯醇,反应最高温度控制在90℃,反应时间2~3 h,n(尿素)∶n(甲醛)=1∶1.4,尿素按7.0∶2.0∶1.0的质量比分3次投料,可制得低毒脲醛树脂胶粘剂。 相似文献
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In the present paper, the effect of glyoxal on the gel formation within the adhesive systems based on urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins is shown. A reduction of formaldehyde content in wood-based panels by decreasing the formaldehyde/urea molar ratio in the UF resins leads to increasing of the UF resin gel time, and impairing the qualitative characteristics of the UF-based wood materials. Glyoxal is shown to speed up the crosslinking of the macromolecules as well as significant reduction of gel time of adhesive composition. The first reason is the result of reaction between glyoxal and ammonium ion leading to protons releasing. Another reason is that glyoxal and its interaction products react with macromolecules of the UF resin forming a three-dimension cross-linked structure. The gel time and the pot life of the UF resin are measured by the oscillatory viscometer. Formation of the UF cross-linked resin structure with glyoxal and a curing catalyst (ammonium sulfate) is studied using dispersion Raman scattering spectroscopy. Particleboards (PB) are produced using different amount of glyoxal and formaldehyde/urea molar ratio in the UF resin. The properties are evaluated according to the European Standards and include density, internal bond, thickness swelling moisture content and formaldehyde content. 相似文献