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由于采用水作为溶剂,水性涂料在职业健康、安全和环境保护方面较传统溶剂型涂料具有优势,使用水性涂料能大幅降低 VOCs的排放量,因此采用水性涂料成为涂装行业“蓝天保卫战”的一个主要选择。水性涂料能否大规模替代传统溶剂型涂料的必要条件是,功能上的各项指标如防锈、防水、耐油、耐高温、装饰等性能及寿命是否满足具体工况需要。水性涂料与溶剂型涂料在施工工艺上有所区别,已有喷涂线是否满足或通过适当的改造后满足水性涂料的施工应用,是水性涂料替代溶剂型涂料的充分条件。最后,影响工业企业是否采用水性涂料替代溶剂型涂料的是成本,最终的决定因素或驱动力则是综合效益。 相似文献
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预计到2015年我国涂料产量将达到1230万t,快速增长的产量使涂料行业成为“排放大户”。涂料工业推行节能减排,减少二氧化碳排放,涂料行业是能耗大户,但节能空间较大。积极推广隔热反射涂料和努力开发薄膜型高性能涂料,开发底面合一涂料、低温烘烤涂料、省工程涂料和低表面处理型涂料,是实施我国涂料工业节能减排的重要措施之一。 相似文献
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环保型涂料又称环境友好型涂料(国内俗称“绿色涂料”),是所有节能、低污染涂料的总称,主要包括水性涂料、粉末涂料、高固体含量涂料和辐射固化涂料等。环保型涂料界定大致分为4个层次:涂料的总有机挥发量(voc);溶剂的毒性;APEO、PFOS及重金属等有害物:用户的安全问题。环保涂料是全世界涂料工业发展的总趋势,涂料的研究和发展方向就是对以上4个层次的不断完善。为了达到低VOC排放的目的,涂料生产商及原材料供应商正在全力发展低污染技术,而在施工应用方面,全封闭作业、减少无组织排放、综合回收利用等环境友好型工艺也正在推广普及。 相似文献
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《涂料技术与文摘》编辑部 《涂料技术与文摘》2009,30(8):1-1
聚氨酯涂料已广泛应用于木器涂料、建筑涂料、汽车修补涂料、防腐涂料、塑料涂料、特种涂料等领域。而在地坪涂料领域,聚氯酯技术目前的应用比例还很小,但相比环氧地坪具备一定柔韧性优势的聚氯酯地坪漆,可以提供优异的裂缝桥接、耐冲击、耐磨等机械性能,而且对混凝土保护性更好,还具有消音、柔性等功能特点,同时其无缝结构易于清洁。在中国地坪漆市场,聚氢酯技术的应用还处于初期,其未来发展空间非常巨大。 相似文献
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随着经济发展和人民生活水平的提高,各种新型涂料应运而生,象多彩涂料、仿瓷涂料和标志涂料等都成为当前涂料的热点。这里就这几种涂料的发展情况谈点看法。一、多彩涂料我国五、六十年代在美术漆中有裂纹漆和疙瘩漆,利用底漆和面漆之间表面张力的不同而使涂膜形成条状或粒状的彩色花纹,这种花纹是需两次施工才能形成的。多彩涂料是指一次性涂装能形成彩色花纹的涂料、其特征是用液状或胶体状二种或多种颜色的粒子制成悬浊状的涂料,主要用喷涂方法一次涂装形成彩色花纹。目前,国外只有日、美、英、荷等国生产多彩涂料,市售商品主要是… 相似文献
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A. Prakash 《Chemical Engineering Communications》1994,128(1):143-158
Water gas shift reaction plays an important role in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction over iron-based catalysts. A slurry reactor model which accounted for the kinetics of both Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and water gas shift reaction was used to investigate the effects of hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio, water vapor concentration and reactor temperature on synthesis gas conversion. The model was used to determine optimum concentration of water in the feed gas. For a given reactor temperature, the optimum concentration of water in the feed gas was found to increase with decreasing hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio. The optimum concentration of water in the feed gas was found to decrease with increasing reactor temperature. Increasing the water gas shift reaction rate improved syngas conversion for low reaction temperatures. 相似文献
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分别以ZrOCl2·8H2O和ZrOCl2为锆源,采用固态反应结构导向法合成介孔纳米二氧化锆,考察了氧氯化锆结晶水在有序介孔形成过程中的作用.结果表明,氧氯化锆结晶水对形成有序介孔结构至关重要.在氧氯化锆结晶水存在下得到有序层状结构的二氧化锆,且所得样品孔系发达,比表面较高;而脱除结晶水后得到二氧化锆的薄状碎片,比表面... 相似文献
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为了对某煤制烯烃全厂能量系统进行优化研究,提出基于单元、子系统和全局分段递进协同优化的策略,首先对全厂各个单元进行能耗计算和节能分析。在对合成气净化单元进行能耗分析和计算时,发现目前合成气净化单元粗合成气中夹带水蒸气的折标系数没有统一的基准,因此对合成气净化单元能耗计算方法进行了探索研究,提出了合成气净化单元能耗计算方法,规定了粗合成气中夹带水蒸气的折标系数选取方法以及单位能耗计算的基准。结果表明:提出的方法能较好地反映合成气净化单元的能效水平,并为合成气净化单元对标分析提供统一计算基准,为合成气净化单元能耗计算标准制定提供参考。 相似文献
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S. Raghunandan R. Suresh Kumar M. Kamaraj Ashutosh S. Gandhi 《Ceramics International》2019,45(4):4487-4492
Yttrium monosilicate (YMS) is a candidate environmental barrier coating material. It is a line compound, and its synthesis requires strict stoichiometric control of the starting materials. In this work, YMS was synthesised by the sol-gel method. Yttrium oxide and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were used as precursors. The ratio of water to ethanol was varied to study the role of water in the formation of phase-pure YMS. The formation of secondary phases during synthesis was attributed to the complex interaction of TEOS with water in the presence of ethanol. It was seen that water and ethanol play a significant role in aqueous sol-gel processes involving silica than merely being present as solvents. The results are helpful in identifying the suitable sol-gel parameters for the synthesis of phase-pure yttrium monosilicate. 相似文献
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Vineet Kumar Subhash C Yadav Sudesh Kumar Yadav 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2010,85(10):1301-1309
BACKGROUND: Plant mediated synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has been studied and reported, however, to date, the biomolecules involved in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles have not been characterized. This study was therefore undertaken to characterize the biomolecules of Syzygium cumini involved in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. RESULTS: Synthesis kinetics and morphological characterization of silver nanoparticles (SNP) synthesized using leaf extract (LE) and seed extract (SE) as well as their polar (water) fractions from Syzygium cumini were compared. The polyphenols content and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of different fractions revealed good correlation between size and synthesis rate of SNP. SE contains more polyphenols and biochemical constituents than LE and therefore, showed higher synthesis rate and bigger sized SNP. To analyse the nature of biomolecules involved in the synthesis of SNP, LE and SE were fractionated on a polarity basis by solvent–solvent partitioning. Only the water fractions of LE and SE showed potential for SNP synthesis. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of SNP indicated that all fractions catalyze the synthesis of spherical nanoparticles. The average size of SNP synthesized by LE, leaf water fraction, SE and seed water fraction were 30, 29, 92, and 73 nm respectively. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that only highly polar soluble constituents are responsible for SNP synthesis. The size of SNP was found to be directly correlated with the amount of polyphenols as well as surfactants present in the reaction solution. Thus, the amount of polyphenols could be one of the crucial parameters determining the size and distribution of SNP. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献