纤维基改性SiO2柔性超疏水表面构建研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法以正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)、3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APTMS)和十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(HDTMS)为原料,制得改性SiO2溶胶,将其应用于柠檬酸预先处理的棉织物,构建棉纤维基柔性超疏水表面.采用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)观察得到改性SiO2溶胶干燥后形成有球形颗粒的致密粗糙膜,改性SiO2红外谱图(FT-IR)显示氨丙基和十六烷基在SiO2表面接枝.当HDTMS浓度为2％时,整理的棉织物静态接触角为155.3°,动态滚动角是8°,达到优异的超疏水效果,经洗涤20次后接触角仍为143.4°,具有疏水耐久性.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察得知整理棉纤维洗涤前后表面均具有较好的粗糙结构,整理棉纤维表面形成了牢固的改性SiO2疏水膜.     

溶胶凝胶法制备甲基三甲氧基硅烷-γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷复合超疏水涂层

以甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)混合物为前驱体,通过溶胶凝胶法制备了MTMS-KH560复合超疏水涂层,研究了成分配比、溶剂用量、陈化时间和干燥温度对涂层疏水性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱仪对复合超疏水涂层的形貌和表面化学性质进行了表征。结果表明:当V(KH560)∶V(MTMS)∶V(CH3OH)=1∶4∶50时,复合超疏水涂层的接触角达到153°,并且在100~250℃热处理温度范围内,涂层的疏水性能几乎保持不变。     

纳米ZnO/聚氨酯复合超疏水涂层共混法制备及其性能研究

采用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)对纳米ZnO粉末进行分散,然后加入全氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷改性纳米ZnO,再与水性聚氨酯共混一次喷涂在铝基板上喷涂成膜的方法制备出了具有优良的耐磨性、防腐蚀性的超疏水涂层。此工艺操作简单,制备的超疏水涂层与铝基板粘结紧密,涂层表面微纳结构较小,表面完整光滑。应用FTIR、XPS、SEM、超疏水性能测试设备等手段对涂层进行表征。结果表明,全氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷含量为纳米ZnO的10%wt,KH550为5%wt时,涂层接触角可达到165°,滚动角7. 5°,其超疏水性能最好,且具有的良好的稳定性和防腐蚀性能。     

环保型无机-有机聚氨酯超疏水性涂层的制备

<正>采用十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷(以下简称"F-硅烷")和γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)改性nanoSiO2(纳米二氧化硅),制备出含双键的nano-SiO2粒子;然后将其喷射至含引发剂的端双键WPU(水性聚氨酯)涂层表面,通过加热固化反应,使nano-SiO2粒子接枝在WPU涂层表面,形成稳固粗糙结构的超疏水性涂层。研究结果表明:当m(F-硅烷):     

有机硅/二氧化硅溶胶制备超疏水表面

材料超疏水是由其表面的化学组成及微观结构共同作用的结果,使其在工业和日常生活有重要的应用前景。文章用甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)、丙基三甲氧基硅烷(PTMS)和二苯基二甲氧硅烷(DPDS)与二氧化硅溶胶颗粒共聚,用喷涂法可制得对水接触角高达155°,滚动角低达1°,同时附着力达二级的超疏水材料。     

超疏水复合材料的制备及其在真石、质感涂料中的应用研究

采用正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)以溶胶-凝胶法制备了粒径为100 nm的二氧化硅溶胶颗粒,以氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)、γ-二乙烯三胺丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷(KH-603)作为纳米颗粒团聚体和附着力促进剂,使用十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷(HDTMS)对二氧化硅溶胶进行疏水处理得到改性溶胶颗粒,再以热塑性聚氨酯(TPU-95A)树脂为粘结剂,制备超疏水复合涂层。采用静态接触角(CA)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、粒径分布、透射电镜(TEM)对改性颗粒和涂层进行表征。结果表明:当KH-550与KH-603质量比为7∶3,TEOS与TPU-95A质量比为27.76∶1时,水滴在超疏水复合涂层的静态接触角高达152°,将此材料运用在真石、质感涂料上能够赋予涂层超疏水特性,使涂层具备耐沾污自清洁的功能。     

超临界CO2快速膨胀法制备SiO2/聚氨酯超疏水涂层

用超临界CO₂快速膨胀法制备了SiO₂/聚氨酯超疏水涂层。首先用十三氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷（F-硅烷）和γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷（KH-570）改性纳米二氧化硅,制备出含双键的纳米二氧化硅粒子,将其分散在超临界CO₂中,再利用超临界CO₂快速膨胀法将其喷射到双键封端的且已添加了引发剂的聚氨酯涂层表面,通过加热,使纳米二氧化硅粒子接枝在聚氨酯涂层表面,形成稳固粗糙结构,获得了超疏水性质。研究了喷嘴温度、反应釜温度和压力、偶联剂配比、表面粗糙度对涂层疏水性的影响。结果表明：涂层的静态水接触角可达到169.1°±0.6°;在喷嘴和釜内温度都为90℃,釜内压力为16 MPa,F-硅烷和KH-570配比为1∶1,表面粗糙度为7.3 μm时,所制得涂层具有较好的超疏水性,且具有优良的耐刮伤性。该法高效环保,涂层性能优良,适于大面积制备。     

纳米SiO2改性苯丙乳液的制备及其疏水性能

采用甲基丙烯酸十三氟辛酯,γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷与γ-(2,3-环氧丙氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷反应,制备了含氟单硅氧烷和含氟双硅氧烷;将其用于纳米SiO2改性,再与苯丙乳液共混,制备了纳米SiO2改性苯丙乳液。采用旋涂法制备了涂层,探究了含氟硅烷种类和SiO2用量对涂层的影响。结果表明:涂层具有微纳米结构,提高了粗糙度;含氟双硅氧烷较含氟单硅氧烷改性SiO2效果好,涂层表面水接触角可达148.4°。     

氧化锌/聚苯乙烯超疏水复合涂层的制备及其性能

通过十二氟庚基丙基三甲氧基硅烷对ZnO粒子进行改性,使ZnO表面由亲水性变为疏水性,然后将改性ZnO粒子与低表面能的热塑性树脂聚苯乙烯杂合,于160°C下烘烤25min,在钢片上制得改性ZnO/聚苯乙烯复合超疏水涂层。采用红外光谱、扫描电镜和接触角分析仪对涂层表面结构和疏水性进行了研究。结果表明,改性后的ZnO粒子表面引入了疏水性的─CH3和─CF2─,形成微/纳米双重粗糙结构。当改性ZnO和聚苯乙烯的质量比为7∶3时,所得复合涂层表面与水的静态接触角为156°,滚动角8°,与钢片的附着力为2级,硬度B～H,冲击强度大于50kgcm,吸水率为7.3%,具有良好的应用前景。     

有机-无机杂化改性水性丙烯酸铁红漆的制备及其性能研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,通过γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)制备环氧基改性硅溶胶。将改性后的硅溶胶应用到丙烯酸铁红漆中。用红外光谱、热质分析、接触角及电化学测试对制备的涂层进行性能测试。实验结果发现:加入0.5%的环氧改性硅溶胶的丙烯酸铁红漆与未改性的相比,其热稳定性、疏水性及耐腐蚀性有很大的提高。     

EV树脂基防水涂层的表面超疏水设计研究

本文选用常见的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚乳液（EVA）作为防水涂层的基料,对其表面进行疏水性设计,考察防水涂层的影响因素。将制备的 SiO₂颗粒进行有机改性,在 EVA表面负载改性的 SiO₂颗粒形成粗糙结构,接枝三甲氧基硅烷控制材料的润湿性能,达到对涂层表面的亲疏水性进行调控的目的。结果表明：制备的 SiO₂粒径 D97为 7 μm,红外光谱分析表明 SiO₂有机改性比较成功,SEM测试表明 SiO₂负载在 EVA表面,通过结构和化学亲疏水性设计的 EVA膜的接触角达到了 172. 9°。防水涂层在水中浸泡 72 h后,其水接触角仍维持在 170°左右,具有很好的疏水稳定性,表现出较好的应用潜力。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备PTFE/SiO2疏水涂层

以聚四氟乙烯乳液(PTFE)和纳米硅溶胶为主要原料通过溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃表面上制备了疏水涂层。水滴在表面的接触角达到126°。通过显微电镜观察涂层表面结构,发现涂层表面分布许多微米大小的乳突。聚四氟乙烯低的表面能和复合表面的微米乳突结构是涂层能形成良好疏水性能的原因。考察了聚乙烯醇对复合涂层疏水性的影响。     

UV固化蓖麻油基聚氨酯丙烯酸酯/SiO2杂化材料的制备与性能Q

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、蓖麻油（CO）和丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEA）合成了蓖麻油基聚氨酯丙烯酸酯（COPUA），以正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）和3-(异丁烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷（MEMO）通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了改性硅溶胶，作为无机相与COPUA有机相复合得到了UV固化COPUA/SiO2杂化材料。调节MEMO与TEOS的配比得到一系列改性硅溶胶，通过测试确定了MEMO与TEOS的最佳配比为1：1（MT-1）。在此基础上，改变MT-1的添加量得到UV固化COPUA/SiO2杂化材料。用FT-IR、TEM、SEM、TGA等对杂化材料和涂层进行结构表征，测试复合涂层的力学性能和表面性能。当MT-1添加量为COPUA树脂质量的15%时，涂层内部SiO2粒子分布均匀，涂层表面光滑平整，光透过率达到100.2%，硬度为5H，附着力0级，柔韧性1mm；涂膜拉伸强度达到13.52MPa，断裂伸长率为7.49%。     

热处理对粉煤灰酸渣基二氧化硅气凝胶结构和疏水性的影响

粉煤灰酸渣是粉煤灰经酸溶提铝后的副产品,主要化学成分为无定形二氧化硅,其资源化利用不仅解决了粉煤灰酸渣堆存带来的环境问题,还能获得附加值较高的二氧化硅气凝胶。以粉煤灰酸渣制备的水玻璃为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶—溶剂交换/表面改性—常压干燥工艺成功制备了低密度（0.083 g/cm³）、高比表面积（708 m²/g）、高疏水性（接触角为143°）的多孔二氧化硅气凝胶。通过热重-差热分析、红外光谱分析、接触角测试、扫描电镜分析、氮气吸附-脱附测试等手段对热处理前后二氧化硅气凝胶的结构和疏水性进行了表征。结果表明,随着热处理温度升高,二氧化硅气凝胶的比表面积增大、疏水性逐渐减弱直至消失。300 ℃热处理后,二氧化硅气凝胶仍具有较强的疏水性（接触角约为128°）,密度为0.080 g/cm³。当热处温度为400~600 ℃时,二氧化硅气凝胶仍具有中孔结构,由疏水性变为亲水性,密度从0.073 g/cm³增加到0.078 g/cm³。     

SiO_2/聚硅氧烷纳米复合防腐涂层的制备与性能(英文)

以有机改性硅烷甲基三乙氧基硅烷为前驱体,以 SiO2溶胶为纳米相,采用溶胶–凝胶法合成纳米复合溶胶,并通过旋涂法在冷扎钢表面制备防腐涂层。通过电化学阻抗谱、X 射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、差热分析等考察不同纳米 SiO2 含量对涂层性能和结构的影响。结果表明:随着纳米SiO2 含量增多(SiO2 溶胶质量分数从 0 到 15%),涂层的耐蚀性能先大幅增加(在低频区阻抗达到 107 数量级),但当 SiO2 溶胶含量进一步增加达到 30%时,涂层的耐腐蚀性能恶化,比未添加纳米 SiO2 的涂层更差;涂层的耐热性能则随着 SiO2 含量的增加而提高;太多的纳米 SiO2 造成的相分离是高SiO2 纳米粒子涂层耐腐蚀性能恶化的主要原因。     

Preparation and anticorrosive properties of hybrid coatings based on epoxy‐silica hybrid materials

A series of sol‐gel derived organic–inorganic hybrid coatings consisting of organic epoxy resin and inorganic silica were successfully synthesized through sol‐gel approach by using 3‐glycidoxypropyl‐trimethoxysilane as coupling agent. Transparent organic–inorganic hybrid sol‐gel coatings with different contents of silica were always achieved. The hybrid sol‐gel coatings with low silica loading on cold‐rolled steel coupons were found much superior improvement in anticorrosion efficiently. The as‐synthesized hybrid sol‐gel materials were characterized by Fourier‐transformation infrared spectroscopy, ²⁹Si‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Effects of the material composition of epoxy resins along with hybrid materials on the thermal stability, Viscoelasticity properties and surface morphology were also studied, respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Comparative Study of Corrosion Protection of Sol–Gel Coatings with Different Organic Functionality on Al-2024 substrate

In this paper we have studied the effect of addition of amino silane and sulfur silane by 2 wt% into a reference coating solution by using two basic silane coupling agents methyl-tri-ethoxy silane (MTEO) and glycidoxy-propyl-tri-ethoxy silane (GPTS) in 1:1 molar ratio by sol–gel technique. The change in hydrophobicity due to the addition of amino group and thiol group was investigated by contact angle study and sol–gel kinetics was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal resistance and surface morphology was analyzed by thermo gravimetric method and scanning electron microscope. The anti corrosion property of all three coatings were evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization study, AC impedance and salt spray method. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic method was used to monitor the bonding mechanism of coating matrix with the metal surface. All type of investigations revealed that, addition of thiol group containing silane coating to the reference coating solution has caused remarkable improvement in hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance properties where as amine group rendred the surface less hydrophobic and showed no sign of improvement in corrosion protection. The most probable reason behind this improved performance is due to the additional hydrophobicity imparted by much less polar thiol group. But amino silane provided comparatively poor performance due to the presence of polar amine group.     

Preparation of transparent ultrahydrophobic silica film by sol�Cgel process

Transparent ultrahydrophobic films were synthesized by sol–gel process with organic silicones modified into silica sol and cured under UV irradiation. The effects of hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis time, molar ratio of organic silicone to silica sol, and surface morphology on the hydrophobicity of the films were discussed in detail using FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), AFM, optical transmission, and contact angle measurement, respectively. The AFM and SEM images indicated that the surface roughness enhanced the hydrophobicity of the films. The results revealed that methyl-trimethoxysilane (MTMS)-modified silica film prepared at 50°C for 2 h with an MTMS/silica sol molar ratio of 1:10 had a very high contact angle (130°). However, the higher hydrolysis temperature and longer reaction time might have accelerated the self-condensation of silanol and decreased the contact angle of the films.     

Preparation of HMDS-modified silica/polyacrylate hydrophobic hard coatings on PMMA substrates

Colloidal silica nanoparticles synthesized from tetraethoxysiliane via a sol–gel process were surface modified by 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MSMA) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). MSMA acted both as a C=C provider and a coupling agent, whereas HMDS was used to prevent particle aggregation and engender hydrophobicity. The modified silica particles (HMSiO₂) were UV-cured together with the crosslinking agent, dipentaerythritol hexa-acrylate (DPHA) to form coatings on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates. Dynamic light scattering of the synthesized sols indicated that the average size of HMSiO₂ was ca. 10 nm, consistent with that obtained from TEM imaging. FTIR spectroscopic analyses demonstrated chemical attachment of HMDS to the silica particles. The cured coatings were characterized in terms of water contact angle, light transmittance, hardness, abrasion resistance, and surface morphology. It was found that hydrophobicity of the coatings increased while light transmittance and hardness decreased with increasing HMDS content. DPHA played the role of providing mechanical strength and adherence; however, the coatings became lightly hazy when the weight ratio of DPHA/silica fell in the range 0.3–0.7. In the optimal case, a hard coating (4H) with water contact angle of 108° and transmittance of ~100% (vs PMMA) had been obtained at the DPHA content of 10 wt%.     

聚芴醚酮超疏水喷涂纸及其性能

以聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和纳米SiO2掺杂聚芴醚酮(PFEK),采用溶液喷涂法在纸张表面构筑了耐用的超疏水涂层.考察了PDMS和SiO2用量(以PFEK和N-甲基吡咯烷酮的质量为基准,下同)对纸张水接触角的影响.结果表明,当PDMS和SiO2用量均为2％时,纸张表面的水接触角达到最大值170?,滚动角最小值为1?,聚合物将SiO2固定在纸张纤维上,使其表面呈现微纳米粗糙结构.超疏水性源于这种疏水粗糙表面下积蓄的空气对液滴浸润的抑制.制得的PFEK/PDMS/SiO2喷涂纸经过40个摩擦周期或12次对折测试后,其水接触角仍达到150°以上,能够维持超疏水性能,并具有较好的机械稳定性.拉伸测试表明,涂层将普通纸张的拉伸强度从10.1 MPa增强到37.8 MPa,在水中浸泡15 min后,该喷涂纸的拉伸强度为25 MPa,仍具有较好的力学性能.另外,PFEK/PDMS/SiO2喷涂纸能够抵抗黏稠泥土的污染,表现良好的自清洁性能.