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硅胶负载四氯化锡催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以硅胶负载四氯化锡为催化剂,丁醛和乙二醇为原料,合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛。研究了原料摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对产品收率的影响。结果表明,硅胶负载四氯化锡有较高的催化活性,当丁醛与乙二醇的摩尔比为1∶1.5,环己烷为带水剂,催化剂用量占反应原料总质量的1.0%,反应时间为1.5h时,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达87.3%。 相似文献
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活性炭负载金属离子催化合成无毒增塑剂柠檬酸三辛酯的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以柠檬酸和正辛醇为原料,采用活性炭负载金属离子Sn^4+、Fe^3+、Ti^4+为催化剂催化合成无毒增塑剂柠檬酸三辛酯,分别考察了催化剂种类、催化剂用量、醇酸物质的量比、反应温度、反应时间、醇酸物质的量比对酯化反应的影响,并对产品进行红外光谱分析。实验结果表明,以活性炭负载四氯化锡催化合成的最佳工艺参数:反应温度为200℃,催化剂用量为2.3g,醇酸物质的量比为1:4.5,反应时间为1.5h时,酯化率可达97.6%。 相似文献
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介绍了一种合成聚氯乙烯热稳定剂硫醇逆酯锡的方法,先以氯化烷基锡与巯基乙醇反应生成中间体巯基乙醇烷基锡,再以该中间体与油酸在催化剂存在下反应合成产品硫醇逆酯锡,在烷基为甲基时,合成中间体的最佳条件为:甲基氯化锡与巯基乙醇的摩尔比为1∶1.15,反应温度30~40℃,搅拌转速120~150r/min,碱液滴加时间2~3h,反应终点pH值为5~7。合成硫醇逆酯锡的最佳条件为:油酸与中间体的摩尔比为1∶1.1,催化剂的用量为油酸量的0.5%,以40%油酸量的二甲苯为带水剂,回流反应温度155~165℃,反应时间4~5h,产品经真空干燥、过滤,得到浅黄色油状液体即为成品。 相似文献
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以对甲基苯酚和异丁烯为原料,以浓硫酸为催化剂,选择性合成2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚,考察了反应温度、反应时间和催化剂用量等因素对合成2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚转化率和收率的影响。结果表明,在反应温度75℃,催化剂用量4%,反应时间45min时,2-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚合成转化率达94.5%,产物收率为86.2%。 相似文献
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以烷羟基硅油、丙烯酸为原料,由酯化反应直接合成了紫外光固化的有机硅丙烯酸酯.研究了阻聚剂、催化剂、反应温度、反应时间等因素对合成反应的影响,确定最佳反应条件为:对苯二酚和氯化锡用量分别为0.8%和1.5%(质量分数),120℃反应16h,产率可达到86.3%。FTIR和NMR表明产物结构为有机硅丙烯酸酯。其紫光固化研究表明合成产物的紫外光固化时间为35S。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure. 相似文献
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以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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Conclusions It is significant that the purification on a single passage of viscose through porous ceramic corresponds to the result of a two-stage filtration of it in industrial filter-presses with standard fillings.Kiev Combine. Kiev Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 20–22, May–June, 1969. 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献