四溴双酚S的合成

25g双酚S与38 4g溴素、32g双氧水在30℃反应3h,80℃反应1h,可得55 6g四溴双酚S,熔点289～290℃。使用H2O2氧化工艺过程中产生的Br-,使用氯苯代替甲醇作溶剂,避免了溴甲烷的生成,提高了溴素的利用率。     

中碳锰铁矿中锰和铁的连续测定研究

文章就中锰矿中锰和铁的测定进行了研究。在pH为5．4的六亚甲基四胺-盐酸缓冲介质中,以Cu＋EDTA—PAN-6S作混合指示剂,用EDTA络合滴定锰;在pH为5．0的HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,以PAN-6S为指示刺,甩EDTA络合滴定铁;终点变色敏锐,准确度高,锰、铁比例在1：10～10：1范围之间相互无影响。此方法可用于中锰矿中锰和铁的连续测定,结果令人满意。     

Predicting external sulphur requirement of alfalfa from sulphate sorption isotherm of Tanzanian soils

For Tanzanian soils dominant in hydrous oxides of iron and amorphous ferri-alumino silicate, a 48-hour (hr) mixing period with the sulphate (SO₄) solution was adequate for a near-equilibrium condition. Although differing in their SO₄ sorption capacity, all the soils sorbed SO₄ at or beyond 1µg ml^–1 sulphur (S) concentration in the supernatant. Hydroxyl (OH) ions were displaced during SO₄ sorption as indicated by a significant positive correlation between the amount of sorbed SO₄ and the difference in pH values determined in 0.1N K₂ SO₄ and 0.1N KCl, i.e. the dpH values.In a greenhouse experiment, alfalfa was grown on eight soils at six adjusted S concentrations. Sulphur deficiency symptoms appeared in the control pots of those soils which were low in native sorbed SO₄, SO₄ sorption capacity and initial soil solution S concentration. Sulphur fertilization increased dry matter (DM) yield as well as response to applied S. The external S concentration, i.e. adjusted S concentration required for 95% of the maximum DM yield, ranged from 0.8 to 8.2µg S ml^–1 with values less than 2.0 on most of the soils. The external S concentration decreased hyperbolically as the SO₄ sorption capacity of the soils increased. The total amount of fertilizer S required to obtain the external S concentration in solution, and at the same time satisfy the SO₄ sorption capacity of the soil at the external S concentration (determined from the sorption isotherm) was defined as the external S requirement for the specified yield level of alfalfa. The external S requirement for 95% of the maximum yield of alfalfa varied from soil to soil due to differences in their capacity and intensity for S nutrition.Part of a thesis by the senior author for the MSc (Agric) degree of the University of Dar es Salaam     

S8000状态监测系统在空压机组上的应用

介绍了大型旋转机械在线状态监测系统S8000的特点、体系结构和软硬件环境,以及该系统在空压机组上的应用.     

天然气库上方土壤微生物群落研究

通过基于16S rRNA基因克隆文库的方法研究了天然气库上方土壤的微生物群落结构。针对大港油田板876气库上方同一取样点1.0 m和2.0 m的土壤样品构建了16S rDNA克隆文库DGS1和DGS2,并对其150个阳性克隆进行限制性酶切片段长度多样性分析(ARDRA)。结果表明,克隆文库DGS1有40个操作分类单元(OTU),克隆文库DGS2有39个OTU,该天然气库上方土壤中微生物较丰富;但由于土壤深度的不同两个土壤样品微生物群落结构存在着差异。每个OTU的代表克隆序列分析结果表明,克隆文库DGS1中优势菌群为芽单胞菌(Gemmatimonadetes)28%、绿弯菌(Chloroflexi)23%和放线菌(Actinobacterium)21%;克隆文库DGS2菌群分布较平均,其中Chloroflexi19%、硫氧化菌(Sulfur-oxidizing)12%、酸酐菌(Acidobacteria)10%、Gemmatimonadetes10%。天然气库上方土壤微生物多样性的分子分析可为开展微生物油气勘探(MPOG)技术奠定基础。     

超级奥氏体不锈钢S31254的焊接

S31254（1.4547/254SMO）是一种新型超级奥氏体不锈钢,因其具有优良的耐腐蚀性能,已逐渐取代普通的奥氏体不锈钢,广泛运用于工业生产中。本文详细分析了254SMO的焊接特点,并通过焊接工艺评定试验确定了合理的焊接工艺。     

The crucial role of cadmium acetate-induced conformational restriction in microscopic structure and stability of polystyrene-block-polyvinyl pyridine thin films

Block copolymers (BCPs) with inorganic components gained ground as a useful material with a broad range of applications. It is still a matter of discussion what influences of inorganic components on block copolymer structures. In this work we present the critical role of conformationally restricted effect by cadmium acetate (Cd(Ac)₂) on microscopic structure and film stability of polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (S2VP) and polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (S4VP). The influence of ion concentration, coordination type, as well as physical ageing on micelles and films were investigated and discussed. It was revealed that the coordination type played a critical role in both micelle and thin film morphology. As ion concentration increased, the intermolecular coordination between Cd(Ac)₂ and S4VP led to significant micelle coalescence and a decrease of film stability. However, intramolecular coordination between Cd(Ac)₂ and S2VP only affected the micelle size. The film prepared from a physically aged low Cd²⁺ concentration S4VP solution formed mesoporous structure. AFM and GISAXS results showed excellent lateral ordering within mesoporous films. These results suggest a facile procedure for the preparation of block copolymer mesoporous structures which can provide the base for highly functional materials such as highly efficient catalysts, photonic devices, and photovoltaic films.     

基于GNSS的农机自动导航控制系统设计

以New Holland T1554为平台,采用RTK-GNSS技术,设计了一种农机自动导航控制系统。系统包括基准站、接收机、无线电台、工控机、触摸屏、切换方向盘、电控比例液压阀和角度传感器。简述了系统各个模块的功能、安装位置和原农机油路的改造方法。样机的试验结果表明:直线和曲线行驶时,最大跟踪误差分别为0.16m和0.32m。     

硫化体系对CM/EPDM共混胶性能的影响

研究了不同硫化体系及过氧化物硫化体系中硫化剂用量对CM/EPDM共混胶性能的影响。结果表明,过氧化物(DCP/S)硫化体系的胶料具有适宜正硫化时间和较好综合物理机械性能;采用RCAD配方优化设计中的均匀设计法进行了实验设计,并根据优选结果绘制了等高线图;在实验范围内,DCP比CAMV的影响显著;当DCP用量为2.8～4份且CAMV用量为3～5份时,共混胶硫化胶具有较高拉伸强度和撕裂强度、较低压缩永久变形和较好耐磨性能。     

C4A3S̄ hydration,ettringite formation,and its expansion mechanism: III. Effect of CaO,NaOH and NaCl; conclusions

C₄A₃S? hydration, the mechanism of C₄A₃S? expansion, and ettringite formation have been examined in a 3-part study. In this part, the amount of ettringite formed and the degree of C₄A₃S? hydration were determined in systems deficient in Ca(OH)₂ and in NaOH- and NaCl-containing systems. Effects of hydration temperature (27, 45, and 60°C) were examined, and mechanisms were compared.     

硫磺回收装置腐蚀机理分析及防护措施

针对硫磺回收装置H2S含量高,H2S引起腐蚀较多的特点,探讨了硫磺回收装置设备存在的主要有高温硫化、不均匀减薄、坑蚀、局部穿孔、氢脆、氢鼓泡及应力腐蚀开裂等腐蚀形态。文章提出了各种腐蚀形态对应的腐蚀机理,并提出相应的防护措施。     

炭基材料脱除H2S研究进展

从反应机理、活性炭表面特性、湿度、活化改性方法及活性组分等因素对反应过程的影响和活性炭失活后的再生方法等方面综述了近年来国内外活性炭脱除H2S的研究进展；进一步阐述了半焦作为一种廉价原料的优势，并提出了用活性半焦脱除原料气和燃料气中H2S的新思路．     

BaSO4对C2S结构及性能的影响

通过XRD，EDM/EDAM及化学分析等手段测定了Ba^2 和S^6 2种离子对C2S结构的影响，得出Ba^2 、S^6 在C2S中的固溶形式和极限固溶量，以及固溶引起的结构变化，并对固溶2种离子的C2S水化活性进行了研究，结果表明：固溶Ba^2 ，S^6 离子的C2S水化活性大大提高。     

H2S气体对5Cr和P110钢的腐蚀行为

通过模拟塔里木油田现场环境,利用高温高压实验设备辅以失重法,研究了油套管5Cr和普通P110用钢在H_2S分压为0.5MPa下的腐蚀速率;采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能散X射线谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)技术对试样表面腐蚀产物的形貌和成分进行了分析。结果表明,5Cr和P110钢平均的腐蚀速率分别为0.1137mm/a和0.1917mm/a,两种材料的腐蚀产物的主要成分均为FeS,但5Cr腐蚀产物膜中出现了Cr的富集现象。探讨了H_2S腐蚀反应机理。     

含H2S酸性气体处理新工艺过程研究

由化学吸收过程和电解反应过程构成的双反应工艺过程,处理炼油厂或油田含H2S酸性气体.在化学吸收过程中,H2S被氧化成固体硫磺;在电解反应过程中,由H2S生成的H 被还原成H2.现场放大实验结果表明,该工艺过程是可行的.在适宜的操作条件下,H2S的吸收率可达到99%以上,制得的硫磺纯度高于99.8%.对于化学吸收过程,适宜的操作条件为:吸收剂中含Fe3 浓度大于2.5mol/L,操作温度为60℃,液气比1.5～3.0.     

脱除原料气中H2S的干法研究进展

从干法脱硫的角度,系统的论述了目前国内外对于原料气中H2S脱除的研究进展,并预测了脱硫发展趋势.     

影响塔后煤气含H_2S的主要因素及控制措施

对净化车间氨-硫化氢法(AS)煤气脱硫工艺中塔后煤气含H2S偏高的问题进行了分析,通过采用洗氨塔碱洗段二次洗涤煤气、提高洗涤贫液中NH3/H2S质量比、控制吸收操作温度、提高洗涤贫液流量等措施,使塔后煤气含H2S的指标达到了规定的要求。     

WSA硫回收工艺应用小结

低温甲醇洗装置分离出来的含H2S气体采用湿法制硫酸工艺(WSA硫回收工艺)生产质量分数98%的硫酸,硫回收率达99%以上,并副产中压蒸汽,经回收H2S后的清洁气达到国家排放标准。介绍了WSA硫回收工艺的原理、生产运行情况及改造措施。     

H2S在线分析仪的开发与研究

介绍基于比尔定律开发的H2S在线分析仪。该仪器主要应用于克劳斯硫磺回收系统，替代价格昂贵的进口仪表。