不同水分胁迫条件下腐植酸类钾盐对西葫芦幼苗生长及光合荧光特性的影响

为研究腐植酸钾对不同水分胁迫条件下西葫芦幼苗光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,采用黄腐酸钾、腐植酸钾、生化腐植酸钾3种不同种类腐植酸类钾盐与3种不同水分处理相结合.结果表明,在相同程度水分胁迫条件下,与未添加腐植酸类钾盐的幼苗相比,添加腐植酸类钾盐处理的西葫芦幼苗光合作用有所增强,幼苗叶片光合电子传递效率和光化学猝灭系数...     

赤峰某地褐煤制取腐植酸钾实验研究

以内蒙古赤峰某地褐煤为原料,分别采用氢氧化钾溶液、氢氧化钾与碳酸钾混合溶液两种提取液,进行了制备腐植酸钾的条件实验和正交实验,探究提取剂用量、固液比、热处理时间对腐植酸提取率的影响。结果表明,制备腐植酸钾的优化工艺条件为:在90℃下水浴1 h,固液质量比1∶10,氢氧化钾与碳酸钾混合液浓度1.0%+0.5%。在此优化条件下,腐植酸钾提取率87.2%。水溶性腐植酸含量52.5%,氧化钾含量22.6%,水不溶物含量9.5%,p H值11.0,水分含量约1.5%。     

赤峰某地褐煤制取腐植酸钾实验研究

以内蒙古赤峰某地褐煤为原料,分别采用氢氧化钾溶液、氢氧化钾与碳酸钾混合溶液两种提取液,进行了制备腐植酸钾的条件实验和正交实验,探究提取剂用量、固液比、热处理时间对腐植酸提取率的影响。结果表明,制备腐植酸钾的优化工艺条件为:在90℃下水浴1 h,固液质量比1∶10,氢氧化钾与碳酸钾混合液浓度1.0%+0.5%。在此优化条件下,腐植酸钾提取率87.2%。水溶性腐植酸含量52.5%,氧化钾含量22.6%,水不溶物含量9.5%,p H值11.0,水分含量约1.5%。     

腐植酸活化原料指标评价研究

在传统碱溶酸析的基础上,采用活化剂直接与腐植酸混合活化腐植酸,研究游离腐植酸含量、腐植酸水分及细度对腐植酸活化的影响。确定适宜的腐植酸原料指标为:w(游离腐植酸)40%～45%,w(H_2O)20%～25%,粒径250μm。     

腐植酸钾对土壤微生物种类和数量的作用初探

本实验采用不同浓度的腐植酸钾处理纯培养条件下的烟草青枯菌,研究腐植酸钾对烟草青枯菌的抑制作用。同时将不同浓度的腐植酸钾施加入土壤,研究腐植酸钾对土壤微生物群的作用,为合理利用腐植酸钾来防治植物青枯病提供参考。     

功能性腐植酸铵的工艺试验及应用研究

以内蒙古风化煤为原料,农用碳酸氢铵为氨化剂,在常温下将两者进行反应,重点研究了碳酸氢铵用量、风化煤用量、水分用量、反应天数对氨化试验的影响。同时,对腐植酸铵和吲哚丁酸钾配施对小麦生根的影响进行了初步研究。结果表明：碳酸氢铵与风化煤的比例为1.7∶10,反应后水分控制在35%左右,反应时间为15天,氨化效果最好;吲哚丁酸钾添加量在0.05%,使用浓度在0.05ppm,适宜小麦种子生根。     

磺化腐植酸钾溶液的光密度与其含量的关系

磺化腐植酸钾的浓度与光密度是线性正相关，磺化腐植酸钾在其分子上引入了其它基团，结构的变化改变了磺化腐植酸钾这一物理性能，利用72—1分光光度计可以定量的测出：磺化腐植酸钾与光密度是线性负相关。利用这一结构变化而改变物理性能，可以在研究和制备磺腐植酸钾时快速的判断反应程度。     

腐植酸钾促进凤梨苗生长应用研究

针对缺乏腐植酸钾对凤梨生长的应用研究现状,采用砂培试验,设计腐植酸钾施用低（1.7%）、中（4.2%）、高（8.3%）3个水平,以河砂处理为对照,分析腐植酸钾对凤梨植株生长潜力的影响。试验结果表明,腐植酸钾通过增加叶片数,改变功能叶结构,提高光合作用,促进凤梨生长;施用腐植酸钾是凤梨健康种苗培育的有效技术,腐植酸钾施用推荐值为3.3%～4.2%,研究结果可为凤梨栽培生产实践提供参考。     

腐植酸钾生产工艺及其在农业中的应用

腐植酸钾是以泥炭、褐煤或风化煤等为原料的腐植酸结构中的酸性基团与氢氧化钾反应而生成的,主要包括干法工艺制成的腐植酸钾和湿法工艺制成的腐植酸钾,是一种新型钾肥来源。概要了两种腐植酸钾的生产工艺及其在新型肥料生产中的应用,干法工艺生产的腐植酸钾可广泛用于复合微生物肥、有机-无机复混肥等基肥生产,而湿法工艺生产的水溶性腐植酸钾是水溶性肥料中非常重要的一种钾素原料。腐植酸钾作为新型钾肥在改良土壤、刺激作物根系发育、防止钾素固定以及提高作物产量、改善作物品质等方面具有重要作用。     

一种新型腐植酸钾复混肥料生产技术

腐植酸钾在农业应用上具有良好的效果,而用碱性的腐植酸钾生产复混肥料时,腐植酸易被钝化而失去活性。介绍一种以小颗粒复混肥料为母粒,采用料浆涂布法将腐植酸钾均匀涂裹于复混肥料的新型肥料生产技术;与内添加腐植酸钾的复混肥产品理化数据进行对比分析。结果表明,该技术较好地解决了腐植酸钝化问题,产品具有缓释性,pH接近中性,可用于改善土壤pH值。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。