低熔点聚合物改性聚氨酯脲弹性纤维的结构与性能

为了改善聚氨酯脲弹性纤维的热粘合性能,采用物理混合的方法制备了低熔点聚合物/聚氨酯脲纺丝原液,然后经干法纺丝制得了低熔点聚合物改造聚氨酯脲弹性纤维;研究了改性聚氨酯脲弹性纤维的表面形貌,力学性能及热粘合性能。结果表明:改性前后的聚氨酯脲弹性纤维表面形貌没有变化;改性聚氨酯脲弹性纤维300%时的拉伸应力和断裂伸长率基本没有发现变化,断裂强力和弹性回复率分别下降了9. 6%和6. 0%;改性聚氨酯脲弹性纤维的热粘合性能有了显著地提高。     

季铵盐改性聚氨酯弹性纤维的结构与性能

为改善聚氨酯弹性纤维的酸性染料染色性能,采用物理混合的方法制备了季铵盐/聚氨酯脲纺丝原液,然后经干法纺丝制得了季铵盐改性聚氨酯弹性纤维;研究了改性聚氨酯弹性纤维的表面形貌、力学性能及酸性染料染色性能。结果表明:改性前后的聚氨酯弹性纤维表面形貌没有变化;改性聚氨酯弹性纤维伸长300%时的拉伸应力提高了16%,断裂强度提高了21%,断裂伸长率下降了6.4%,弹性回复率没有变化;改性聚氨酯弹性纤维的酸性染料上染率有了明显的提高,耐洗色牢度达到4级。     

含硅氟水性聚氨酯涂料研究的探讨

对有机硅与有机氟改性水性聚氨酯涂料的研究现状和最新研究进展进行了探讨,重点介绍有机硅/有机氟对水性聚氨酯的化学改性方法及对水性聚氨酯涂料性能的影响,展望含硅/氟水性聚氨酯涂料的发展方向和应用前景。     

纳米改性聚氨酯涂料在海洋大气及飞溅区的应用研究

介绍了纳米氧化锌浆和纳米改性聚氨酯涂料的制备。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、交流阻抗(EIS)技术、光泽度仪和表面接触角测量仪等分析研究海洋大气和飞溅区环境中纳米改性聚氨酯涂料的耐腐蚀性和抗老化性,探讨了纳米氧化锌浆对聚氨酯涂料性能的改进作用。试验结果表明适量纳米浆提高了聚氨酯涂料的综合使用性能。     

PET薄膜用水性聚氨酯涂料的改性研究

用丙烯酸乳液对水性聚氨酯进行改性,研制出用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜表面的涂料。测试了涂料黏度、固含量、玻璃化转变温度等基本性能,用红外光谱表征了水性聚氨酯、丙烯酸乳液及改性聚氨酯的结构特征,用划格法表征了改性聚氨酯和未改性聚氨酯涂层与PET板材附着力等级。结果表明:改性聚氨酯涂料的固含量较未改性相比有小幅提高;改性聚氨酯的起始分解温度为210℃,外延起始温度为373℃,与未改性相比分别提高了50℃和63℃;改性聚氨酯涂料在PET板材表面的附着力比未改性时提高了一个等级。     

聚氨酯树脂及其涂料

无VOC聚氨酯涂料组合物；适用于涂料的带可光固化基的低黏度脲基甲酸酯；用聚脲-聚氨酯涂装底材用的体系和方法；封闭缩二脲异氰酸酯及其在聚氨酯涂料中的应用；含铁羰基的聚氨酯涂料组合物；高含量有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及性能研究；聚氨酯涂料中粉料的分布特征与漆膜发白行为；用于涂料、织物、人造革、皮革的水性聚氨酯染料的制造方法；[编者按]     

流变助剂对高极性溶剂型涂料性能影响研究

考察了8类典型的流变助剂对环氧和聚氨酯2种高极性溶剂型涂料的黏度、抗流挂性能、光泽和贮存稳定性等产生的影响。发现在环氧涂料体系中,有机膨润土、粉末聚酰胺蜡、聚乙烯蜡和活性碳酸钙4种流变助剂对涂料的黏度、抗流挂性、防沉性和触变性都具有较好的作用;在聚氨酯体系中,流变助剂有机膨润土、聚酰胺蜡、改性脲溶液对涂料的黏度、抗流挂性都具有较好的作用;有机膨润土对防沉性的贡献较小;表面改性碳酸钙和气相二氧化硅会降低涂膜的光泽;各种流变助剂对聚氨酯体系触变性的影响差别均不大。     

涂料用水性聚氨酯研究进展

介绍了水性聚氨酯(WPU)涂料的主要种类和各种水性聚氨酯涂料适合应用的领域,综述了近年来市场上常用水性聚氨酯涂料合成和改性方法,分别介绍了环氧树脂改性,有机硅改性和纳米材料改性方法,对各项改性方法的特点和改性过程进行了总结,最后通过分析水性聚氨酯涂料的性能特点和应用现状,结合目前国内水性聚氨酯的发展水平,提出了未来水性聚氨酯涂料的研究方向。     

改性聚氨酯涂料的研究进展

综述了醇酸树脂、丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂及有机硅树脂等材料改性聚氨酯涂料的研究方法,并简单介绍了改性后的聚氨酯涂料的特点及性能,同时对今后改性聚氨酯涂料的研究和应用发展作了展望。     

2005年中国聚氨酯研究与应用论文题录(六)

三乙胺对丙烯酸酯-聚氨酯复合乳液的影响研究/张辉,沈慧芳,陈焕钦(华南理工大学化工所)∥涂料工业.-2005,35(3).-26~29丙烯酸改性水性聚氨酯研究进展/陈梁,吕满庚(中国科学院广州化学研究所,中国科学院研究生院)∥涂料工业.-2005,35(3).-39~44水性聚氨酯原料的选择/陈伟力,何国山(广州市产品质量监督检验所)∥广东塑料.-2005,3.-6~11肝素化水性聚氨酯改性医用聚氯乙烯表面的研究/陈维涛,李树材(天津科技大学材料科学与化学工程学院)∥化工新型材料.-2005,33(1).-46~48高压无空气喷涂丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆的研制/岳慧艳(天津灯塔涂料有限公司)∥…     

聚氨酯抗菌涂料的研究进展

本文根据抗菌方式的不同介绍了聚氨酯抗菌涂料的抑制细菌附着和杀菌 2种机理,以及基于这 2种抗菌机理的聚氨酯抗菌涂料的研究进展。基于抑制细菌附着机理的聚氨酯与不同抗菌物质结合形成了抑制细菌附着的抗菌;基于杀菌机理的聚氨酯与天然、无机、有机抗菌剂等活性抗菌剂结合,通过设计修改聚氨酯结构形成了有杀菌作用的抗菌涂料;展望了聚氨酯抗菌涂料的发展。     

提高聚氨酯泡沫塑料表面涂层附着力的方法

采用溶剂擦试法、原子灰腻子刮涂、Ar∧ 直流等离子体表面处理法以及Ar/O2射频等离子体表面处理法等几种不同的表面处理方法,不同程度地提高了聚氨酯泡沫塑料（PUF）与聚氨酯涂层的附着力。刮涂腻子表面改性简单易行,适用性强,射频Ar/O2等离子体表面改性效果较好,但需专用设备。     

Waterborne polyurethane dispersions obtained with polycarbonate of hexanediol intended for use as coatings

Three waterborne polyurethane dispersions derived from polycarbonate of hexanediol (PCD) with molecular weight of 1000 Da were synthesized by the acetone method and used as coatings for stainless steel plates. Different hard segments content in the polyurethanes were obtained by varying the isocyanate/macroglycol (NCO/OH) molar ratio. A decrease in the NCO/OH ratio produced an increase in the mean particle size as well as a decrease in the Brookfield viscosity of the dispersions. Furthermore, the greater the NCO/OH ratio the higher the urea and urethane hard segment content, the higher the glass transition temperature value and the higher the elastic modulus of the polyurethane was. On the other hand, the NCO/OH ratio affected the adhesion of the polyurethanes. The adhesion was evaluated by using three different procedures: T-peel strength tests of flexible PVC/waterborne polyurethane dispersion/flexible PVC joints; single lap-shear tests of aluminium/waterborne polyurethane dispersion/aluminium joints and cross-cutter adhesion test of polyurethane coatings on stainless steel pieces. Finally, several properties of the polyurethane coatings on stainless steel pieces were tested including Persoz hardness, gloss, chemical resistance and yellowness index.     

Some Properties of Composite Panels Made from Wood Flour and Recycled Polyethylene

This study investigated the effect of board type (unmodified vs. MAPE modified) on the surface quality and thickness swelling-water absorption properties of recycled high density polyethylene (HDPE) based wood plastic composites. Additionally, two commercially available coatings (cellulosic coating and polyurethane lacquer coating) were also applied to composite surfaces and their adhesion strength, abrasion and scratch resistance, and gloss values were determined. This study showed that modification of the composites with MAPE coupling agent increased the surface smoothness and reduced the water absorption and thickness swelling of the panels. Abrasion resistance of the composites was also improved through MAPE modification. Regardless of board type, higher scratch resistance and gloss values were observed for polyurethane lacquer coated samples compared to those of cellulosic varnish coated ones. Improvement of adhesion strength was also seen on SEM micrographs.     

水基标识涂料在夹布胶管上的应用研究

夹布胶管受其条件限制,在运输、存贮、安装及使用过程中经常发生弯曲形变,涂料在涂覆后,形状需随胶管的形变而发生变化,由于目前采用的聚氨酯涂料在固化后具有脆性大、延展力小等弊端,无法随胶管的形变而继续附着,进而发生脱落现象。为此开展高弹性水基涂料的研究,以改善涂层与胶管的附着力。叙述了对高弹性水基聚氨酯涂料进行模拟涂覆夹布胶管的试验过程及试验结果,并通过对试验结果的分析,证实了PUA-I水基聚氨酯涂料可以满足工艺要求。     

塑料涂料用脲基单体改性羟基苯丙乳液的合成

采用种子乳液半连续工艺法合成了脲基单体改性羟基苯丙乳液,与水性异氰酸酯固化剂配制得双组分水性塑料涂料,用于极性塑料基材的表面涂装。研究了乳化体系、羟基含量、交联单体乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(AC-75)和脲基单体用量以及n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)比对乳液性能的影响。采用FT-IR、TEM和激光粒度仪等分析手段对苯丙乳液的形貌、粒径、表面官能团及涂膜固化过程进行了表征。结果表明:所制乳液呈现核壳结构、粒子的粒径分布较窄、固化反应完全,且脲基单体用量为2%,AC-75用量为3%,羟基单体用量为10%,n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)为1.3～1.5,可得到附着力、耐醇性、耐水性优异的涂膜,其性能优于市售溶剂型涂料。     

新型脲醛树脂胶黏剂的改性

研究了一种新型改性剂对于脲醛树脂胶黏剂的改性效果,并与传统改性方法进行了比较。改性剂采用特制的羟基丙烯酸酯树脂（乳液）及端异氰酸酯基水性聚氨酯树脂。研究发现,传统改性方法中,随尿素与甲醛的物质的量比的增大,脲醛树脂中游离甲醛含量减小,但其黏合强度降低;使用这种新型改性剂既可降低游离甲醛含量,又能明显提高黏合强度及耐水性,且改性效果随改性剂用量的增加而增加。其中,聚氨酯树脂对脲醛树脂黏合强度的改进最为明显,但对耐水性的改性效果稍差;而高羟基含量的丙烯酸酯树脂比低羟基含量的改性效果好。     

Application of EIS and salt spray tests for investigation of the anticorrosion properties of polyurethane-based nanocomposites containing Cr2O3 nanoparticles modified with 3-amino propyl trimethoxy silane

The Cr₂O₃ nanoparticles were modified with 3-amino propyl trimethoxy silane in order to obtain proper dispersion and increment compatibility with the polyurethane coating matrix. The nanocomposites prepared were applied on the St-37 steel substrates. The existence of 3-amino propyl trimethoxy silane on the surface of the nanoparticles was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Dispersion of the surface modified particles in the polyurethane coating matrix was studied by a field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray tests were employed in order to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the polyurethane coatings. Polarization test was done in order to investigate the corrosion inhibition properties of the Cr₂O₃ nanoparticle on the steel surface in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The adhesion strengths of the coatings were evaluated by pull-off adhesion tester before and after 120 days immersion in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. FT-IR and TGA analyses revealed that surface modification of the nanoparticles with 0.43 silane/5 g pigment resulted in the greatest amount of silane grafting on the surface of particles. Results obtained from FE-SEM analysis showed that the surface modified nanoparticles dispersed in the coating matrix properly. Results obtained from EIS and salt spray analyses revealed that the surface modified particles enhanced the corrosion protection performance of the polyurethane coating considerably. The improvement was more pronounced for the coating reinforced with 0.43 g silane/5 g pigment. Moreover, the adhesion loss decreased in the presence of surface modified nanoparticles with 0.43 silane/5 g pigment.     

The influence of ageing of epoxy coatings on adhesion of polyurethane topcoats and protective properties of coating systems

The dependence of adhesion and protective properties of coating systems on surface properties of epoxy intermediate coatings, aged and non-aged before an application of polyurethane topcoats, were examined. The intermediate coatings were aged 500 h in UV chamber. The surface free energy and polar groups were estimated after ageing. After applying polyurethane topcoats on aged and non-aged epoxy coatings, resistance to salt spray and thermal shocks were tested as well as internal stresses were measured before and after corrosion tests.The results showed that adhesion in coating systems with polyurethane topcoats applied on aged epoxy coatings depends strongly on the degradation degree of epoxy intermediate coatings and the value of generated internal stresses. Coatings with good adhesion retention in corrosion environments have good protective properties even when temporary blistering has occurred.     

Coatings prepared from waterborne polyurethane dispersions obtained with polycarbonates of 1,6-hexanediol of different molecular weights

Waterborne polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) were synthesized with polycarbonates of 1,6-hexanediol of different molecular weight (500–3000 Da) and their properties, adhesion (Hatch adhesion) and coatings on stainless steel properties (Pencil hardness, Persoz hardness, gloss at 60°, chemical resistance, yellowness index) were characterized. The hatch adhesion of the polyurethane coatings to stainless steel was very good and decreased slightly by increasing the molecular weight of the polycarbonate of 1,6-hexanediol. Both the Pencil and Persoz hardness values of the coatings increased by increasing the hard segments content in the polyurethane, i.e. by decreasing the molecular weight of the polycarbonate of 1,6-hexanediol, whereas the gloss and the yellowness index were lower for the coatings obtained with the polycarbonate of 1,6-hexanediol of molecular weight of 500 Da. Very good chemical resistance against ethanol for all polyurethane coatings on stainless steel plates was obtained but for long time of ethanol in contact with the coating surface the chemical resistance decreased, more markedly for the polyurethane coating obtained with the polycarbonate of 1,6-hexanediol of higher molecular weight. In summary, the segmented structure of the waterborne polyurethane dispersion determined the properties of the polyurethane coatings obtained from them.