有机酸催化合成磷酸锌涂料性能对比

以有机酸为催化剂,常温条件下用直接法合成磷酸锌.合成的磷酸锌不用粉碎,粒径达到38μm以下,产品的磷酸锌含量达到96%以上.有机酸催化合成的磷酸锌与普通磷酸锌在外形上没有明显区别,都是方块型.对不同有机酸催化合成的磷酸锌制成的涂料进行耐盐水试验对比,结果表明,用醋酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸催化合成的磷酸锌制成的涂料,耐盐水效果比普通磷酸锌差;用有机酸A与有机酸B合成的磷酸锌,用于酚醛油性防锈漆中,其耐盐水性与普通磷酸锌的耐盐水件相当;用于以苯丙乳液制成的水性涂料中,则提高了其耐盐水效果.     

磷酸锌微粉的合成及应用

结合制备磷酸锌微粉的研究工作概述了磷酸锌Zn3(PO4)2.nH2O微粉的合成原理、合成进展。阐明了磷酸锌用作防锈颜料应用机理、用途。提出了间接法合成磷酸锌无需粉碎,产品达到微细级标准的反应条件。     

微细级磷酸锌新工艺探索

利用售市溶剂溶解氧化锌和表面活性剂，间接法生产磷酸锌，改变直接法生产工艺，产品不用粉碎，达到符合国外标准的微细级产品。     

微细级磷酸锌新工艺探索

利用市售溶剂溶解氧化锌和表面活性剂,间接法生产磷酸锌,改变直接法生产工艺,产品不用粉碎,达到符合国外标准的微细级产品.     

磷酸锌生产工艺研究

磷酸锌是一种性能优良的新型无毒防锈颜料，目前中国厂家多采用直接法生产。采用R溶剂溶解低品位氧化锌，放宽了原料的质量要求，采用间接法生产磷酸锌，改变了传统的直接法生产工艺，将磷酸锌生产的固-液反应改为液-液反应，缩短了反应时间，降低了生产成本，产品锌含量达到国际标准。副产物钠盐溶液与氟硅酸反应还可用于制取氟硅酸钠，使氟硅酸钠的生产成本也较低，且无三废产生。     

新一代磷酸锌系防锈颜料--磷酸铝锌的合成和应用

采用磷酸、氢氧化铝、氧化锌为原料,利用共沉淀直接法合成新一代磷酸锌系防锈颜料——磷酸铝锌,并对产品的防锈性能进行了初步的探讨和研究。实验结果显示其防锈性能及成本优于传统的磷酸锌。     

磷酸锌生产工艺研探

用Ｒ溶剂溶解低品位氧化锌，间接法生产磷酸锌，改变了传统的直接法生产工艺，降低了生产成本，产品质量达到国际标准的锌含量。     

微细级磷酸锌生产新工艺

利用表面改性技术，改进直接法生产磷酸锌，不用粉碎，得到０．０３７ｍｍ以下微细颗粒及均匀颗粒度分布产品，表观密度～０．４ｇ／ｃｍ３，Ｚｎ及ＰＯ４含量指标满足国外最新标准要求，运用正交试验优化工艺条件。     

微细磷酸锌的研制

采用溶剂溶解氧化锌并添加表面活性剂的生产工艺所生产的磷酸锌无需粉碎,产品达到微细级标准,是一种性能优良的无毒防锈颜料。     

纳米磷酸锌颜料的合成及其数据挖掘技术

借助均匀试验设计、回归分析、网格优化法等普通的软件，在纳米磷酸锌合成中应用数据挖掘技术，结果发现：如果没有微波辐射，室温固相反应也可以合成磷酸锌纳米晶体。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.