反相高效液相色谱法测定大豆异黄酮中5种组分

建立了采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器（HPLC—DAD）同时检测大豆异黄酮中5种组分的方法。首先采用超声提取的方法进行处理样品,对提取溶剂进行了选择。采用C18柱,以甲醇：水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长为255nm。该方法的回收率为88．8％-101．2％,相对标准偏差（RSD）（n=6）为2．1％-4．5％,检出限（以信噪比为3计）为0．5—0．8mg／L。该方法简单,重现性好,能有效提取和分离大豆异黄酮中5种组分。     

茶叶中硫丹残留量的快速测定

采用丙酮-正己烷（体积比1：1）均质提取样品，提取液经凝胶色谱仪净化，自动定量浓缩后，用气相色谱法（GC—ECD）测定，外标法定量。选择绿茶、花茶、乌龙茶、普洱茶为实验样品，测定硫丹残留量。该方法采用了自动净化、浓缩过程，使检测方法进一步快速、准确，重现性好。添加水平在0．01-0．10mg／kg时，该方法回收率范围为84．5％-98．0％；相对标准偏差为6．25％-8．77％；测定低限为0．01mg／kg。     

离子对高效液相色谱法分析化妆品中的曲酸

建立了化妆品中曲酸(KA)的离子对高效液相色谱法。采用0．01mol／L磷酸氢二钠-甲醇(95：5,V／V)为流动相,添加1．0mmol／L四丁基溴化胺(TBA),检测波长226nm,样品用40％甲醇超声提取,曲酸在Nova-Pak C18柱上获得了良好分离。该方法的检出限为0．024mg／L,回收率为93．9％～101．2％,相对标准偏差为0．97％～1．81％。     

地锦草中黄酮类化合物含量测定方法的研究

目的：建立地锦草中总黄酮含量测定方法。方法：样品制备采用70％乙醇加热回流提取地锦草药材中黄酮类成分,再以溶剂萃取、柱色谱法纯化得到总黄酮粗品;以槲皮素为对照,加Al（NO3）,形成铝络合物,根据紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮含量。结果：对照品在1．5—12μg／mL范围内线性关系良好,回归方程为：A=83．875C-0．0026（r=-0．9999）,重现性RSD为1．3％,精密度RSD为0．8％,平均回收率为99．6％。结论：该方法操作简便,结果准确,重复性好,为地锦草中总黄酮和黄酮类化合物的含量测定提供了一种切实可行的方法。     

GC-MS-SIM法测定茶叶中异稻瘟净残留量

试样用丙酮．正己烷（体积比1：1）提取，石墨化碳黑固相萃取小柱净化。提取液浓缩后用GC—MS—SIM测定，外标法定量。当添加水平为0．005-1．0mg／kg时，方法回收率为90％-107％，RSD为1．4％～11．1％，检出限为0．005mg／kg。采用保留时间和选择监视离子丰度比对阳性样品进行确证。该法灵敏、准确，各项技术指标均满足残留检测的要求。     

高效液相色谱法测定番茄与土壤中双胍三辛烷苯基磺酸盐残留量

建立了一种用高效液相色谱测定番茄与土壤中双胍三辛烷苯基磺酸盐的定量分析方法。番茄样品用正丁醇和正己烷提取，然后加三乙胺溶液进行液液分配，经硅胶柱层析净化；土壤样品用氢氧化钠-甲醇溶液提取，然后加三氯甲烷进行液液分配，经硅胶柱层析净化。甲醇-水-氨水作流动相，荧光检测器检测，外标法定量。番茄添加水平为0．2～5．0mg／kg时，回收率为70％-88％，变异系数2．1％～8．7％；土壤添加水平为0．2～5．0mg／kg时，回收率为62％-95％，变异系数3．3％-4．9％；对番茄和土壤的最低检出浓度分别是0．05、0．10mg／kg。     

甘蓝中定虫隆残留量的高效液相色谱法测定

建立了测定甘蓝中定虫隆残留量的反相高效液相色谱方法。样品经乙腈提取，通过同相萃取柱净化，用流动相溶解后，用二极管阵列（PDA）检测器在258nm处测定。在0．3-1．2mg／kg添加水平，回收率为92．4％-98．6％，相对标准偏差为2．5％-3．9％，其检出限为0．1mg／kg。     

氢化物发生-原子吸收法测定大豆油中的砷

本文研究了大豆油中砷的氢化物-原子吸收法测定方法。样品中砷用HNO3和H2SO4湿法硝化提取,采用氢化物发生器和原子吸收分光光度计进行测定。本实验采用添加法测定回收率,添加水平为0．01-0．2mg·ks-1时,其平均回收率为94．85％-101．24％。本方法的最低检出限为测定0．01mg·kg-1。     

气相色谱法测定青菜中有机磷农药残留量

采用气相色谱法测定青菜中10种有机磷农药残留量。样品用乙腈超声波提取,经弗罗里硅土固相小柱净化,以V二氧甲烷：V丙酮=9：1洗脱,GC—NPD检测,外标法定量。加标量为0．50μg／20g时,回收率在81．0％-111．3％,相对标准偏差在2．2％～6．6％。该方法适用性强,操作简便,色谱杂峰少。     

高效液相色谱法测定甘蓝中依维菌素残留量

建立了一种用高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定甘蓝中依维菌素残留量的方法。采用乙酸乙酯作提取剂提取甘蓝样品中依维菌素，样品衍生化后经反相C18柱分离，以甲醇为流动相，荧光检测器对依维菌素衍生物进行检测，并以外标法定量。结果表明方法的检出限为0．25μg／kg，最大变异系数为6．0％。当空白样品中添加依维菌素质量分数为0．005～1．0mg／kg时，方法回收率为87．25％-97．02％。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。