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研究开发了一种在ABS塑料表面进行非钯活化的化学镀镍工艺,并对活化工艺条件进行了探究,得到最佳工艺条件。并通过结合力测定,显微微观形貌对镀层的结合力和形貌进行了表征。实验结果表明,采用最佳活化工艺活化后,ABS塑料能够进行施镀,且镀层完整,镍镀层呈现银白色,表面没有明显的缺陷,镀层与基底结合力良好,具有化学镀镍典型的花椰菜微观结构特征。说明该活化方式能够在一定范围内替代钯活化,降低成本。 相似文献
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研究了喷射成形硅铝合金(CE11)材料表面化学镀镍和镀金工艺,使用电子显微镜(SEM)及能谱分析仪(EDS)分析了沉积过程中CE11硅铝合金表面形貌和沉积层化学成分,采用热震、高温烘烤、焊接试验等方法检测了硅铝合金样件的镀层质量.结果发现,CE11硅铝合金经氟化氢铵和硝酸混合溶液粗化、超声波去膜、浸锌、预镀镍后化学镀镍,可以获得结合力良好的化学镀层,镀金后能耐400℃烘烤而仍然保持很好的结合力,能够满足金锗、金锡等合金的共晶焊接使用要求. 相似文献
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高硅铸铝合金镀前浸锌液 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
针对高硅铸铝件在组成,组织与性能上的特点,研究了8种高硅铝合金镀前浸锌液。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了8种不同的浸锌液配方浸锌的试片的表面浸锌膜的微观形貌,测定了浸锌后镀镍层与试片的结合力,优选了能获得良好结合力的最佳浸锌液配方。并研究了随浸锌时间的增加,锌晶核的析出与成长的过程,结果表明,当氢氧化钠140g/L,氧化锌14~20g/L、氯化镍1.5g/L时,试片镀镍后结合力良好。发现浸锌液能够溶解铝合金部分组织,并在铝表面造成孔洞,这种孔洞对镀层起着锚链作用,铝合金表面孔洞的均匀分散以及细小锌晶粒的高度弥散是得到良好结合力的前提。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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The miscibility of various amorphous polybutadienes with mixed microstructures of 1,4 addition units (cis, 1,4 and trans 1,4) and 1,2 addition units have been investigated. The studies here involved optical transparency, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle light scattering. It was found that a 90 percent (cis) 1, 4 addition polybutadiene was immiscible with high (91 percent) 1,2 addition polybutadiene. Reduction of the 1,2 content to 71 percent induced an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) with the cis 1,4 polymer. Polybutadienes with 50 percent and 10 percent 1,2 contents were miscible above the crystalline melting temperature of the cis 1,4 polybutadiene. Immiscibility of the 91 percent 1,2 addition polymer was also found with a 10 percent 1,2 polybutadiene. The latter polymer also exhibits an UCST with the 71 percent 1,2 polymer. The results are used to interpret the characteristics of blends of polybutadienes of varying microstructure. 相似文献
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以F类粉煤灰为例,详细介绍了测定粉煤灰中烧失量的步骤、计算数学模型、影响测量不确定度的因素以及各项测量不确定度分量评定,人员、设备、材料、方法、环境都是影响测量不确定的因素。 相似文献
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我厂3号回转窑(Φ4m×60m)生产线在1996年年底由SP窑(产量912t/d)改为NSP窑(产量1320t/d),预分解系统为四级旋风预热器带离线式分解炉 相似文献
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Conclusions It is significant that the purification on a single passage of viscose through porous ceramic corresponds to the result of a two-stage filtration of it in industrial filter-presses with standard fillings.Kiev Combine. Kiev Technological Institute of Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 20–22, May–June, 1969. 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003 相似文献