三联芴衍生物TFDPA光电性质的理论研究

三联芴衍生物TFDPA是一种新合成的可应用于OLEDs的多功能蓝光材料。本文采用量子化学方法对其光电性质进行理论研究,结果表明TFDPA具有很强的刚性结构,优良的空穴注入传输性能,且发深蓝色光,与实验数据相符,在理论上进一步证实其在OLEDs中的潜在应用。     

咔唑及其衍生物在蓝光OLED中的运用

近年来,人们对咔唑的研究十分关注,其在医药、染料和农药等中的应用也越来越广泛,而咔唑及其的衍生物具有特有电学、电化学和光物理等性能,其不仅能够当作良好空穴传输的材料,且在咔唑的化合物内不同的位置进行电子传输的修饰基团引入,能够使电子与空穴更易注入,对两者平衡进行有效调节,因此其也被当作用于蓝光荧光的重要材料,下面,本文就针对咔唑及其衍生物在蓝光OLED中的运用进行分析,来对其进行深入的了解。     

含1,3,4-(噁)二唑环的有机电致发蓝光材料及器件研究进展

1,3,4–口恶 二唑环是一个具有高电子亲和势和空穴阻挡作用的基团,含该基团的化合物是一类具有良好电子传输功能的有机电致发光材料。近年来含1,3,4–口恶 二唑环化合物发蓝光的有机电致发光材料已成为材料科学研究的一个热点。综述了含1,3,4–口恶 二唑环的小分子和高分子发蓝光的有机电致发光材料的分子结构、性能及其器件性能的研究现状,并对提高这类材料性能的分子设计方面作了简要的展望。     

钙钛矿太阳能电池中D-A-D型空穴传输材料的研究进展

钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)由于具有快速提升的光电转换效率、制备成本低、可溶液加工等优点而获得了广泛关注.空穴传输材料(HTM)负责空穴抽取和防止电荷复合,可提高PSCs的效率和稳定性,是PSCs中的重要组成部分.线型给体-受体-给体(D-A-D)结构的有机小分子空穴传输材料的结构简单,合成难度低.另外,吸电子单元的引入可以降低最高占据分子轨道(HOMO)能级,提高材料的稳定性,而且线型D-A-D构型有利于增强分子内电荷转移,提高材料的空穴传输能力.综述了2009年以来线型D-A-D类空穴传输材料在PSCs中的应用.详细介绍了各空穴传输材料分子结构对PSCs的光电转换效率和器件稳定性等性能的影响.最后,对未来线型D-A-D型空穴传输材料的发展进行了展望.     

无机空穴传输材料在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用

钙钛矿太阳能电池具有光电转换效率高、结构简单、成本低廉、有大规模商业化应用潜力等优势,是近年来光伏领域的研究热点.空穴传输材料具有传输空穴和阻挡电子的双重作用,是影响钙钛矿太阳能电池光电性能的重要因素.本文介绍了空穴传输材料的作用方式和主要类别,总结了无机空穴传输材料的种类、特点及在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用,并分析了其...     

spiro-OMeTAD类钙钛矿太阳能电池空穴传输材料性能研究

为探究钙钛矿电池中空穴传输材料类spiro-OMeTAD化合物的传输性能,运用Marcus电荷转移理论和量子化学方法,研究了spiro-OMeTAD及其4种衍生物的空穴传输性质随着结构改变的变化规律。     

钙钛矿太阳能电池中D-A-D型空穴传输材料的研究进展

钙钛矿太阳能电池(Perovskite Solar Cells, PSCs)作为一种新型太阳能电池,由于其短时间内快速提升的光电转换效率而获得了全世界范围内的广泛关注。空穴传输材料(Hole Transporting Materials, HTM)是钙钛矿太阳能电池的重要组成部分,因此,设计开发经济、高效、稳定的HTM对PSCs的发展具有重要意义。本文综述了2009年以来线型给体-受体-给体(Donor-Acceptor-Donor, D-A-D)结构有机小分子空穴传输材料在PSCs中的应用,详细介绍了各空穴传输材料分子结构对PSCs的光电转换效率和器件稳定性等性能的影响。在此基础上,对未来线型D-A-D型空穴传输材料的发展进行了展望。     

有机电致发光空穴传输材料的合成

有机电致发光中空穴传输材料对整个器件的性能有重要作用。系统地综述了空穴传输材料的研究现状,包括Ullmann偶合法、钯催化法、格氏反应、Suzuki偶合等。同时对合成的空穴传输材料的特性进行了简述。     

空穴传输材料在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用

近年来,钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)作为一种新兴高效率光伏电池得到了飞速的发展。作为PSCs中的重要组成部分之一,空穴传输层(HTL)起到促进空穴传输和阻挡电子迁移的作用,同时也影响着器件的光电性能、稳定性和生产成本。因此,寻找成本低廉、空穴迁移率高的空穴传输材料就显得尤为重要。本文将空穴传输材料划分为有机和无机材料两大类,综述了其在钙钛矿太阳能电池中的应用,并重点介绍了基于这些空穴传输材料的电池的光伏性能。     

获得蓝色激光的方法

迄今为止,实现全固体蓝色激光光源的途径主要有四种,即直接发射蓝光的LD、LD倍频的蓝色光源、蓝色波导激光器和利用LD泵浦,并通过非线性光学手段获得的蓝色激光器。 1.直接发射蓝光的半导体激光器 此类蓝光激光器主要特点是结构简单、使用方便、电-光转换效率高等优点。最先的研究主要集中于Ⅱ—Ⅳ族材料尤其是ZnSe上。这种材料禁带宽度约2.7eV,发射波长相应于深蓝色     

Synthesis and characterization of a novel proton‐exchange membrane for fuel cells operating at high temperatures and low humidities

The synthesis of a p‐toluidine/formaldehyde (PTF) resin was performed, and the effects of the molar ratio of the individual monomers and the polymerization conditions on the structure of the PTF resin were studied. Fourier transform infrared and ¹³C‐NMR spectra were used to characterize the PTF. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction patterns revealed the crystalline structures of various PTFs. Polarized optical microscopy revealed that the molar ratio of the monomers had a strong effect on the crystalline morphologies. A longer polymerization time turned out a polymer with a higher intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight, which led to differences in the proton conductivity. All of the PTFs showed a higher proton conductivity than a commercial Nafion membrane at 90–100°C and 0% relative humidity. The proton conductivity of the PTF series could be improved by sulfonation with sulfuric acid and could be maintained after blending with polyurethane. Pure methanol could be used as a fuel source because of the insolubility and nonwetting properties of PTF in methanol to increase the output current density for a PTF membrane electrode assembly. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Thermal and mechanical properties of plywood sheets based on polystyrene/silica nanocomposites and palm tree fibers

Plywood sheets based on wood plastic nanocomposites were prepared using palm tree fibers (PTF) filled in polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites. The nanocomposite sheets were prepared using free radical polymerization of styrene monomer containing 60 % PTF and different nanosilica concentrations. The effect of coupling agent on the adhesion between PTF and PS/SiO₂ nanocomposites and PTF was pronounced at low nanosilica concentrations. The results of the flexural strength, impact test, abrasion resistance, and water absorption were explained on the basis of the effect of coupling agent between PTF and nanocomposite resin.     

氧化铝/莫来石复合陶瓷断裂行为研究

用X射线衍射方法测定了氧化铝/莫来石复合陶瓷的残余应力,并通过计算加以验证。在莫来石含量比较小的情况下,氧化铝/莫来石复合陶瓷基体拉应力与莫来石体积含量成线性关系。通过模型分析了氧化铝基体和莫来石颗粒的应力状态及其对裂纹扩展的影响。由莫来石颗粒引入的基体拉应力使裂纹倾向于向晶内扩展。观察了氧化铝/莫来石复合陶瓷断裂方式的转变,计算了穿晶断裂比率与基体应力的关系,进而建立了莫来石含量、基体应力、穿晶断裂比率三者的对应关系。这为复合陶瓷材料的制备和性能分析提供了可靠基础。     

PEN/PTT共混聚酯的熔融行为

利用差示扫描量热仪对不同配比的聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PEN/PTT)共混体系的熔融行为进行了分析,发现在共混体系中两组分形成各自的晶体,PEN和PTT的熔点均随另一组分含量的增加而下降。根据Nishi-Wang方程,按300℃计算,由PEN/PTT共混体系中PEN熔点下降计算所得到的相互作用能密度为-0．214 2 J/cm~3,相互作用参数为-0．006 8,表明PEN/PTY共混体系在熔融态是热力学性质稳定的相容体系。     

.浆点粘合衬布用增稠剂的筛选

浆点粘合衬布用增稠剂应具有较高的增稠能力，适中的触变性，还应有一定的曳丝性，试验所用的四种增稠剂中，PTF，SD适合于热熔胶浆增稠，而CMC，Cabol不适于热熔胶浆的增稠。     

菌体/粉煤灰复合吸附剂吸附酸性蓝

采用菌体/粉煤灰复合吸附剂吸附酸性蓝,通过单因素实验探究其吸附条件和吸附机理。结果表明：处理模拟酸性蓝废水最佳条件为：pH值6.6（自然）,投加量3 g/L,搅拌时间25 min,静置时间1 h,此时去除率在85%以上。热力学和动力学的研究结果表明,Langmuir模型和Freundlich模型均可以用来描述吸附剂对酸 性蓝的吸附,且吸附较好地符合Freundlich 等温吸附模型;吸附剂对酸性蓝的吸附属于单分子层吸附,且 其吸附过程容易进行,由 Langmuir 吸附计算得到吸附剂的最大吸附量为303.0303 mg/g。吸附剂对酸性蓝 的吸附属于Lagergren准二级吸附动力学模型,菌体/粉煤灰对酸性蓝的吸附速率控制化学吸附过程,饱和吸附 量为137.32 mg/g。     

R/G and Y/B opponent-color mechanisms revealed in temporal integration for bichromatically mixed lights

In the present study, the critical durations for temporal integration at theshold were obtained for bichromatically mixed (red/green and yellow/blue) test lights presented against darkness and achromatic backgrounds of different intensities. Critical durations crucially depended on the mixing ratio of the red and green components: it was shortest when red and green components were balanced in intensity canceling chromaticness of both components, and longer for red and green monochromatic lights. This trend was pronounced with backgrounds of higher intensities but was not obvious with dim backgrounds. The results of yellow/blue condition showed that critical durations were shorter when yellow component was dominant, as well as when yellow and blue components were balanced in intensity canceling chromaticness of both components, but when blue monochromatic light was dominant, it was longer than in other mixture conditions and changed less with the elevation of the background intensity. The results were interpreted as demonstraing the red/green and yellow/blue opponet-color mechanism's participation.     

Mechanical properties of thermally sprayed porous alumina coating by Vickers and Knoop indentation

Depending on the thermal spraying conditions, coatings obtained can present different defects, like pores, cracks and/or unmelted particles, and different surface roughnesses, that can affect the determination of the hardness and elastic modulus. The present work investigates the mechanical properties, determined by means of Knoop and Vickers indentations, of a plasma as-sprayed alumina coating, obtained with a nano-agglomerated powder sprayed using a PTF4 torch, in order to highlight how the surface defects interfere into the indentation process. As a main result, Knoop indentation compared to Vickers one gives less dispersive results (15% and 33%, respectively), that are, in addition, more representative of the coating properties. The mean values obtained are 110 ± 40 GPa for the elastic modulus and 1.75 ± 0.42 GPa for the hardness. In addition, and for the two indenter types used, multicyclic indentation has been performed because it allows a more appropriate characterization of such heterogeneous coatings due to the representation of the mechanical properties as a function of the indentation load and/or the penetration depth, leading to more reliable results according to the depth-variability of the coating microstructure.     

Color vision model of macLeod and Boynton

MacLeod and Boynton started off with the assumption that the fundamental blue falls on the x' axis of Judd's 1951 chromaticity diagram. This leads to a constant luminance diagram in which the lines that converge at the fundamental blue in Judd's diagram are parallel. MacLeod and Boynton tried to solve this problem by a slight change in one of the constants in the transformation equations. It turns out that what this does is to shift the position of the alychne on Judd's diagram so that it does not coincide with the x' axis. The blue fundamental no longer lies on the alychne. This makes it possible to derive a constant luminance chromaticity diagram in which the fundamental blue falls at one of the corners. After having created this new diagram, they used it to formulate a theory of color vision in which the blue cones contribute nothing to luminance. This procedure needs to be understood because it can be used to convert any theory of color vision in which all three cones contribute to luminance to one in which only two contribute to luminance. This has nothing to do with having the blue fundamental fall on the x' axis. A more serious problem is that Judd has made an error in his assessment of the luminosity coefficients and the concepts of MacLeod and Boynton need to be reformulated in terms of the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram.     

文化自信下德化青花瓷艺的传承与创新

文化自信,是一个民族对自身文化价值和文化传统的肯定和尊重。德化青花瓷艺有悠久的历史,深厚的文化底蕴,青花瓷艺术是民族优秀文化的重要组成部分。在现代发展的时代,青花瓷艺的传承却面临很多问题。其中一方面是陶瓷产业的结构对其产生重大的冲击,为了解决这个问题,就要尊重青花瓷艺的文化,同时创新的核心一定要稳抓,发展青花瓷艺文化创新产业就要打造出过硬的青花瓷品牌为出发点,同时青花瓷艺的文化特区要积极开发,并做好青花瓷文化旅游保护性发展,就此让德化青花瓷艺文化得到传承与发展。