Preparation and Photochemical Behavior of a Cationic Azobenzene Dye-Montmorillonite Intercalation Compound

Montmorillonite/cationic azobenzene dye（p-（δ-triethylammoniobutoxy）-p＇-methyl- azobenzene bromide） intercalation compounds were prepared by the conventional ion exchange method. As compared with that of pure cationic azo-dye, the thermal stability of the intercalated dye was greatly enhanced, and the absorption band corresponding to azobenzene group in intercalated dye shifted towards longer wave length by 38 nm. This could be ascribed to the strong conjugation of cationic azo-dye supramolecular order structure（J cluster） confined in a nanoscale space of montmorillonite interlayer gallery. UV/vis spectra data show that the intercalated azo dye in the montmorillonite interlayer space exhibited reversible trans-to-cis photoisomerization and daylight cis-to-trans back reaction. FTIR indicates the successful intercalation of cationic azo-dye into the montmorillonite interlayer.     

二次柱撑蒙脱石的制备及表征

采用单链季铵盐对蒙脱石进行一次柱撑改性的基础上,再用双链季铵盐对一次柱撑蒙脱石进行二次柱撑改性,制备了系列蒙脱石样品,探讨了不同阳离子交换容量柱撑剂对蒙脱石二次柱撑改性的影响。用X射线衍射仪、Fourier红外光谱仪以及热重分析仪对样品进行表征,结果表明:二次柱撑蒙脱石层间距在一次柱撑基础上继续增大,这说明双链季铵盐进入了一次柱撑蒙脱石层间,达到了二次柱撑的效果。     

Preparation of Intercalated Clay/Phenolic Resin Nanocomposites under High Pressure

High pressure method was ased for the first time to produce rectorite clay （REC）/phenolic resin （PF） and organic rectorite clay （OREC） /phenolic resin and montmorillonite（ MMT）lphenolic resin （PF） nanocomposites. The structure of the material phase was studied by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared （ FT- IR ） spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis （ TGA ）, and atomic force microscopg＂ （AFM）. The experimental results show that intercalated clay/resin nanocomposites could form under normal temperature and high pressure conditions by the intercalation of polymeric molecules rather than interlayer polymerization.     

γ-聚谷氨酸对蒙脱土的插层研究

以γ-聚谷氨酸（γ-PGA）和蒙脱土（MMT）为原料,采用溶液插层法制备γ-PGA/MMT复合材料.研究了γ-PGA分子量、插层时间和插层温度对插层效果的影响,并探讨了γ-PGA在MMT中的形态.实验结果显示,不同分子量的γ-PGA,均能对MMT实现插层;MMT的层间距随着插层时间的延长逐渐增大,在8 h后达到最大,随后略有下降;MMT的层间距随着插层温度的升高逐渐增大,在60℃时达到最大值,温度继续升高则有所下降;γ-PGA分子在MMT的片层间为α-螺旋构象,且呈单分子层排列.     

Synthesis and characterization of ibuprofen-rectorite composites by solution intercalation method

The ibuprofen-rectorite composites were prepared by the solution intercalation method using ibuprofen and rectorite as raw materials, and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results show that the ibuprofen is intercalated into the interlayer spaces of rectorite. The values of the (001) peaks of the ibuprofen-rectorite composite are larger than that of Na-rectorite and reach the largest when the reaction time and ibuprofen amount is 2 h and 0.36 g, respectively. The layered structure of Na-rectorite is destroyed to some extent with the intercalation of ibuprofen into the interlayer space in the structure of Na-rectorite. A part of ibuprofen in the ibuprofen Na-rectorite covers on the surface of Na-rectorite besides some ibuprofen enters into the interlayer space. Funded by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET05-0662)     

EVA/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的阻燃性能

采用熔融插层法制备乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料(EVA/OM-MT),并研究其阻燃性能。结果表明,EVA大分子能有效地插入有机蒙脱土(OMMT)片层间,形成插层型纳米复合材料,而不能有效插入钠基蒙脱土(MMT)片层间;OMMT可以明显地改善EVA/OMMT的阻燃性能,随着OMMT用量的增大,EVA/OMMT的热释放速、峰值热释放速率、总热释放先明显降低然后趋于稳定。     

聚丙烯腈/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与表征

采用不同改性蒙脱土与丙烯腈单体原位聚合制得纳米复合材料,通过红外、XRD表征蒙脱土插层前后结构的变化,并用热重、差热分析产物的稳定性.X射线粉末衍射结果显示,改性后蒙脱土层间距被不同程度扩大,尤其是PAN/Na-MMT的(001)衍射峰已完全弥散,说明蒙脱土被剥离.差热、热重分析结果显示聚丙烯腈/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的热稳定性比纯聚丙烯腈有较大提高.     

PBA—OMMT／P（MMA—ITA）纳米复合材料的制备与表征

本文采用原位乳液聚合方法制备了聚丙烯酸丁酯一有机蒙脱土／聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯-衣康酸）（PBA—OMMT／P（MMA-1TA）纳米复合材料。利用X-射线衍射仪（XRD）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和热重分析（TGA）对复合材料进行了表征。结果表明：单体已插层进人有机蒙脱土层间发生聚合反应,使有机蒙脱土片层间距由原来的0．59nm增加到0．88nm以上,且有机蒙脱土的加入能够显著提高纳米复合材料的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）和热稳定性能。     

纳米蒙脱土的制备及在超高分子量聚乙烯中的应用

采用插层聚合方法,用苯乙烯(ST)、丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)等单体,对蒙脱土进行了层间改性,并与聚合物共混挤出制备了纳米复合材料。通过X射线衍射仪、转矩流变仪、红外光谱仪等仪器,对改性蒙脱土的层间结构进行的表征可知,随着单体插层、层间聚合、熔融共混的进行,蒙脱土的层间距从1.470 nm逐渐增大至2.643 nm,最终消失,表明蒙脱土发生了层间剥离,与子聚合物形成了纳米复合材料;改性前后蒙脱土的红外谱图在1465~1440 cm-1和2910~2830 cm-1处的特征峰发生了明显的变化,这从分子结构上证明了蒙脱土的改性。同时比较了添加不同改性蒙脱土的超高分子量聚乙烯的扭矩变化,3种单体改性的蒙脱土均能有效降低聚合物扭矩,其中苯乙烯单体插层聚合改性的蒙脱土对聚合物体系扭矩影响最大。     

W/W型PAM-MMT乳液的制备及性能研究

为了提高以明胶为稳定剂分散聚合制备的聚丙烯酰胺“水包水”（W/W型PAM）乳液的絮凝性能，首先，采用阳离子单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（methacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, DMC）对钠基蒙脱土（sodium-montmorillonite, Na-MMT）进行插层改性制备有机蒙脱土（organic montmorillonite, OMMT），通过X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction, XRD）测试得到插层改性后蒙脱土的层间距由1.25 nm增加至1.43 nm，说明DMC单体已经成功插层进入蒙脱土片层。然后，将OMMT引入以明胶为稳定剂的W/W型PAM乳液的体系中，以制备W/W型PAM-MMT乳液。通过透射电镜（transmission electron microscope, TEM）乳液微观形貌进行观察，得到乳液结构是由以蒙脱土颗粒为“交联点”的聚丙烯酰胺高分子网络和W/W型PAM乳液的混合体。研究了OMMT用量、明胶浓度、体系pH值以及阳离子单体DMC添加比例对合成W/W型PAM-MMT乳液性能的影响规律。结果显示：在适宜条件下合成的乳液均具有较好的储存稳定性和在水中的再分散性。乳液的表观黏度和絮凝性能都与OMMT和明胶用量呈正相关性；当pH值在明胶等电点（isoelectric point，IEP）时，得到的乳液的表观黏度最低，絮凝效果最好；随着DMC单体用量比例增大，乳液表观黏度减小，高岭土悬浮液的絮凝效果先增大后减小。     

羧甲基-β-环糊精插层水滑石膜的制备及其对外消旋色氨酸选择性吸附的研究

采用原位生长技术制备了羧甲基-β-环糊精插层水滑石薄膜,并采用XRD和红外光谱对其进行了结构表征。在XRD图中发现环糊精插层后,水滑石的001峰向小角度移动,表明水滑石层间距增大;在红外光谱分析中发现,插层产物在1596cm-1处出现了羧基的特征红外吸收峰,这均证实了环糊精插层进了水滑石层间。进一步研究了该水滑石膜在不同初始浓度下对外消旋色氨酸溶液的吸附情况,发现吸附后的滤液旋光度为正,表明该薄膜优先吸附L 色氨酸。得到了吸附等温线,发现该吸附具有饱和性,这是因为选择性吸附是由于水滑石层间环糊精对L-色氨酸的选择性包合产生的,层间环糊精的量是确定的,所以选择性吸附具有饱和性。     

Synthesis and Characterization of (PEO)_x~-(V_(0.85)Mo_ (0.15)_2O_5 Nanocomposite Films

1　IntroductionSomeinorganiclayeredcompounds ,suchasMoO3 andV2 O5,belongtoarapidlygrowingfieldofcontempo raryresearchinterest,becausetheycanbeintercalatedbyavarietyofalkaliions (Li+ ,Na+ ,etc .) ,atomsorlargermoleculestoformintercalationhost guestcompounds ,whichareexpectedtobepromisingcandidatematerialsforcathodesofsecondaryLibatteriesandelectrochromicdevices[1] .Polymer layeredoxidenanocompositesareat tractingmuchattentionduetotheirspecialstructureaswellassuperiorelectrical,electrochemical…     

Preparation and characterization of polylactide/montmorillonite nanocomposites

The montmorillonite, a form of layered silicate, was successfully intercalated into polylactide (PLA) matrix through solvent-casting technique. In addition, PLA/MMT nanocomposite films were produced, in which homogenous distribution of the silicate lamellae plays a key role in the mechanical properties of the films. A small amount(5wt%) of OMMT intercalated into the PLA matrix resulted in their flexibility enhancement, from 3.68%(pure PLA film) to 352.65%. The results of wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) patterns confirmed that the silicate interlayer distance increased from 3.044 nm (for OMMT) to 3.56nm (for 5wt%, maximum) with increasing OMMT contents, but decreased to 3.319 nm when OMMT content was over 8wt%. FT-IR also verified the molecular-level associations between PLA chains and OMMT lamellae by vibration variances of hydrogen bonding. DSC thermograms demonstrated that thermal stabilities of the nanocomposite films enhanced, due to the silicate lamellae dispersed into PLA matrix.     

柱撑蒙脱石制备技术研究

用多种方法研究制备出性能稳定的柱撑蒙脱石,并对其Ｘ－Ｒａｙ衍射特征作了论述．研究表明：柱撑液的制备是柱撑蒙脱石制备的关键技术之一,可用不同的碱液水解ＡｌＣｌ３或Ａｌ（ＮＯ３）３制备柱撑液,其ｐＨ值以４０～５０为宜．Ｘ－Ｒａｙ衍射显示,柱撑后的蒙脱石经高温（３５０℃及５００℃条件下）灼烧后,ｄ００１面网间距稳定在１８ｎｍ左右,与普通蒙脱石及Ｎａ－基蒙脱石相比,层间距明显增大,且具有较好的热稳定性．     

高岭石插层复合物与纳米高岭石研究现状与展望

某些有机分子可进入高岭石层间形成有机插层复合物,基于高岭石有机插层复合物的功能性材料受到人们的广泛关注并成为当前应用矿物学的研究热点之一。本文介绍了高岭石有机插层复合物与纳米高岭石的研究历史和现状,阐述了高岭石有机插层复合物制备的主要影响因素、插层机理、表征、研究方法以及基于高岭石有机插层作用的纳米高岭石制备,同时对此领域今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

Influence of types and charges of exchangeable cations on ciprofloxacin sorption by montmorillonite

As one of the most important soil components, montmorillonite plays a vital role in transport and retention of organic pollutants in soils. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), an antibiotic of fluoroquiolones, has been frequently detected in water and soil environments due to its wide use in human and veterinary medicine. In this study, the adsorption of CIP onto different homoionic montmorillonite such as Na-, Ca- and Al-MMT was investigated, and the influence of types and charges of exchangeable cations in the interlayer of montmorillonite on CIP adsorption was evaluated. The results showed that different homoionic montmorillonite exhibited different sorption capacity of CIP. At pH 3, the sorption capacity of CIP decreased in the order Na-MMT > Ca-MMT > Al-MMT, following the lyotropic series. When solution pH increased to 11, the sorption capacity of CIP followed the order Ca-MMT > Al-MMT > Na-MMT. Accompanying CIP adsorption on Ca-MMT, a certain amount of Ca2+ was released into solution. Compared to pH 3, the lower Ca concentration in solution at pH 11 indicated that the adsorption of CIP on Ca-MMT at strong alkaline pH was no longer via cation exchange, and surface complexation or cation bridging might contribute to CIP adsorption. The adsorption of CIP on Na- and Ca-MMT at pH 3 and 11 resulted in the expansion of d-spacing, indicative of intercalation of CIP into the interlayer space of the montmorillonite. However, a decrease of d-spacing was observed when CIP adsorbed on Al-MMT at pH 11, which might be attributed to the dissolution of Al-CIP complex formed between CIP and Al3+ in the interlayer of montmorillonite. The results suggest that the types and charges of exchangeable cations in the interlayer of montmorillonite play an important role in CIP adsorption on montmorillonite.     

高岭石声化学插层的XRD研究

以乙二醇、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜及双氧水/冰醋酸等为插层剂,采用声化学法对高岭石进行了插层研究,考察了插层剂种类对高岭石插层率的影响.在此基础上,重点研究了以二甲基亚砜作为插层剂的情况下超声波功率、插层时间及插层剂的质量分数等工艺因素对插层率的影响,并采用XRD分析方法测试了高岭石的插层效率.结果表明：二甲基亚砜作为插层剂时插层率最高,插层率可达100%,二甲基甲酰胺和乙二醇次之,双氧水/冰醋酸插层率最低,插层率仅为14.9%.以二甲基亚砜为插层剂时,随着超声功率的增大,插层率先升高后降低;随着插层时间的延长,插层率呈增长趋势,而二甲基亚砜的质量分数对插层率的影响不大.在二甲基亚砜质量分数为75%、超声功率为300W、插层时间为2h的条件下,插层率达到100%,高岭石层间距从0.71nm被有效增大到1.10nm.     

A brief review on α-zirconium phosphate intercalation compounds and nano-composites

The layer structured zirconium phosphate(Zr P) can be intercalated with atoms, molecules, small organic groups and even polymers. The structures and properties of the Zr P intercalation compounds can be deliberately tuned, leading to promising potential applications in many fields. This article provides a brief review on the experimental results of the Zr P intercalation compounds, with the focus on the polymer/a-zirconium phosphate (α-Zr P) nano-composites. The computer simulations of the Zr P intercalation compounds at the atomic level play a significant role in designing and understanding the properties of Zr P, and in the promotion of the applications of compounds.     

镁铝双氢氧化物的十二烷基单磷酸钾插层研究

采用成核／晶化法制备了镁铝型的层状双氢氧化物（MgAl-LDHs）,以十二烷基单磷酸钾（PK）对LDH进行有机改性,制得有机化的LDH（LDH—PK）。X-射线衍射（xRD）和傅立叶红外光谱（FTIR）研究表明十二烷基单磷酸根离子成功的插层进入层间,并将层间距从0．78nm扩大到3．98nm;热重分析（TGA）结果表明十二烷基单磷酸根离子插层的MgAl-LDH（MgAl-LDH-PK）的热分解过程分为三个明显的失重阶段,分别对应着表面吸附水、层间脱水及层板羟基脱水及层间客体阴离子的降解;同时讨论了重构中插入层间十二烷基磷酸根离子的负载量。     

层状磷酸锆的制备及插层研究

具有层状结构的磷酸锆α-Zr（HPO4）2·H2O通过粉末X-射线衍射（XRD）,振动光谱（红外IR和拉曼光谱Raman）,热分析仪（TG）,透射电子显微镜（TEM）,扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和BET氮气吸附等手段进行了表征.所制备的α-Zr（HPO4）2·H2O的BET表面积为12.29 m^2/g.研究了α-Zr（HPO4）2·H2O的插入行为,与四甲基溴化铵和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的插入反应表明插入是完全的,层间距分别增加了0.46 nm和1.68 nm,且插入化合物的荧光性质在室温被检测.