铝合金管件液压胀形的实验及仿真分析

为深入了解薄壁管在不同加载路径下的成形情况及变形规律,采用仿真分析与实验测试相结合的方法对薄壁管件在内部液压下的塑性变形特征进行研究,并自行搭建了能够实现铝合金管件液力成形的实验系统,进行了不同工况下的胀形试验.基于ABAQUS非线性有限元软件对铝合金管件液压胀形过程进行数值模拟,通过将仿真结果与实验结果进行对比,验证了有限元模型的正确性,以此为基础,对胀形管件的失效形式、壁厚分布以及合理的加载路径进行研究,并总结了胀形管件的变形规律,为研究复杂变截面管件液压成形提供了有益的参考.     

439不锈钢排气系统前管内高压成形工艺参数研究

利用abaqus有限元分析软件,建立了439不锈钢排气前管的有限元分析模型,对其内高压成形过程进行了数值分析.内高压成形分三个阶段,即屈服阶段、成形阶段、整形阶段,每个阶段管件各部分受力情况复杂,因此需研究成形因素对成形结果的影响,以弄清起主导作用的工艺参数.因此,首先研究了不同加载路径下的轴向进给量与内压力对成形后的减薄率、壁厚差、是否出现缺陷等数据的影响,确定了最佳的加载路径、轴向进给量和内压力;以前面确定的参数为基础分析了在同样加载曲线下,管壁与模具之间摩擦系数和整形压力对内高压成形过程和质量的影响.结果表明加载方式采用三段式加载,内压力40 MPa,轴向进给量14 mm,摩擦系数小于0.1,整形压力大于110 Mpa时,内高压成型质量最佳.     

非对称管件内高压成形的仿真研究

非对称管件内高压成形工艺具有工序少、质量轻、抗弯模量大等优点.为研究非对称管件内高压成形规律,为实际生产提供预测和参考.根据理论公式确定主要工艺参数,借助非线性有限元方法进行仿真分析,研究直线、折线与梯形加载路径对非对称管件成形质量的影响,分析了补料量与整形压力对非对称管件成形质量的影响.结果表明,在内压折线加载路径下,补料量为16.000 mm,整形压力为90 MPa时能获得成形质量较好的管件.非线性有限元数值模拟方法可为非对称管件内高压成形工艺参数提供预测和参考.     

半球底筒形件充液拉深加载路径优化研究

针对半球底筒形零件充液拉深过程中悬空区形成的"软拉深筋",通过理论分析、数值模拟和工艺试验对与半球成形阶段直接相关的液压加载路径进行优化研究.理论推导得出液压载荷加载范围,并以其为基础进行多种加载路径条件下的数值模拟,获得不同加载路径对破裂关键点的壁厚及应变的影响规律,结合试验确定了合理的液压加载路径.结果表明:零件半球部分成形过程中破裂关键点在优化的加载路径条件下既可产生必要的有益摩擦,改善成形过程的应力应变状态,又可避免破裂关键点的过度减薄,提高了零件壁厚分布的均匀性和成形极限.     

液压成形波纹管减薄率的数值模拟研究

厚度减薄率是影响波纹管成形质量的重要参数之一,因此用数值方法模拟研究波纹管液压成形过程的减薄率具有重要意义。比较了四种轴向进给加载路径(台阶形、双线性、单线性和二次曲线)对波纹管减薄率的影响,结果表明:台阶形和二次曲线路径减薄率较大,单线性路径减薄率次之,双线性路径的减薄率最小。在相同的轴向进给位移条件下,波纹管厚度减薄率随着成形压力的升高而增大。如果成形压力与轴向进给之间匹配不合理,会导致波峰处出现明显皱褶的现象。     

消音管内高压成形焊缝区胀裂数值分析

针对消音管在内高压成形过程中,焊缝区附近易出现胀裂的问题,采用数值模拟与实验相结合的方法,对消音管的内高压成形过程进行了研究.实验采用HF1000内高压成形机进行消音管的内高压成形实验,并利用dynaform软件进行对该实验的过程进行了数值模拟,实验模拟了消音管在内高压成形过程中焊缝附近的应力分布情况和壁厚的分布情况,并与实验结果对比验证,发现使用凹形直线加载路径进行内高压成形实验时,能够使得到的管件在变形过程中产生的应力最小,管件的壁厚分布情况最好.     

一种异型管件内高压成形规律仿真研究

传统异型管件常采用板料成形生产,其缺点是成形工序多和模具结构复杂等.采用内高压成形生产异型管件,较传统工艺具有工艺简单和生产费用低,以及成形管件的强度与刚度高等优点.本文采用有限元软件AUTOFORM对异型管件开展先弯管后内高压成形的多道次数值模拟,研究液压加载方式、摩擦系数对其成形结果的影响规律,并确定合理的参数设置,并得到理想的数值模拟结果,为异型管件的实际内高压成形生产提供一定的指导作用.     

球底筒形件主动径向加压充液拉深的数值模拟

基于低塑性、大高径比铝合金板材零件成形需求,提出了主动径向压力充液拉深新技术.通过数值模拟方法,对5A06铝合金球底筒形零件主动径向加压充液拉深成形过程进行了研究.采用基于LS-DY-NA3D内核的动态显示分析软件ETA/Dynaform5.5,根据成形工艺的特殊性,提出了液压载荷施加方法;依据球底零件变形时悬空区大小和曲率半径确定了合理的加载路径,并分析了主动径向压力和液室压力对零件成形过程和零件壁厚分布的影响,讨论了成形过程中出现的缺陷.研究结果表明,采用合理匹配的主动径向压力和液室压力加载路径,可有效地降低板料成形时的径向拉应力,抑制零件球底部的过度减薄,显著提高铝合金球底零件的拉深极限.     

球底简形件主动径向加压充液拉深的数值模拟

基于低塑性、大高径比铝合金板材零件成形需求,提出了主动径向压力充液拉深新技术.通过数值模拟方法,对5A06铝合金球底筒形零件主动径向加压充液拉深成形过程进行了研究.采用基于LS-DYNA3D内核的动态显示分析软件ETA/Dynaform5.5,根据成形工艺的特殊性,提出了液压载荷施加方法;依据球底零件变形时悬空区大小和曲率半径确定了合理的加载路径,并分析了主动径向压力和液室压力对零件成形过程和零件壁厚分布的影响,讨论了成形过程中出现的缺陷.研究结果表明,采用合理匹配的主动径向压力和液室压力加载路径,可有效地降低板料成形时的径向拉应力,抑制零件球底部的过度减薄,显著提高铝合金球底零件的拉深极限.     

T型三通管内高压成形仿真与实验研究

针对T型三通管内高压成形过程中胀形高度较低、成形质量差等问题,开展对T型三通管内高压成形仿真与实验的研究.对T型三通管进行内高压成形实验,并利用软件DYNAFORM对T型三通管内高压成形过程进行数值模拟,通过对比仿真与实验结果验证了有限元模型建立的正确性.基于此分析背压推头后退量、背压推头加载路径与整形压力对T型三通管成形质量的影响,结果表明:当背压推头选用折线加载路径,后退量为8 mm,整形压力为90 MPa时,三通管成形质量较好,为工程化应用提供了参考.     

液压成形管材性能评价方法研究现状

在管材液力成形技术中,管材成形性能的评价方法是应用的基础,对数值模拟技术在液力成形中的应用、工艺参数优化及新产品开发等具有重要意义.总结管材性能评价方法的研究现状,目前判定标准主要集中于管材的硬化指数n,各向异性指数r值,以及几何参数和判定准则形成的成形极限图等方面.指出n,r值可以作为管材液压成形性能的评价标准,管材应力基础上的成形极限图的确定有待进一步研究.     

三通管内高压成形载荷路径试验优化设计

采用DYNAFORM有限元软件对三通管内高压成形过程进行了数值模拟研究,采用正交试验优化设计方法进行载荷路径参数优化,找出了T型管内高压成形的内压力、轴向进给力、背压力三参数的最优组合,采用该最优组合参数的试验结果与数值模拟结果相吻合。     

Influence of loading path on formability of 304 stainless steel tubes

The loading path affects the metal formability remarkably in tube hydroforming, and it is also one of the research focuses. Recently, some scholars abroad proposed a new fluctuant hydraulic loading method, which can improve the formability of tubes in hydroforming. Related studies have shown that this new loading method can improve the tube formability, the distribution of deformation is more uniform and this is useful for avoiding excessive local thinning. In this paper, tube hydroforming experiments without axial feeding were carried out; the influences of the loading methods on formability of stainless steel tubes were studied. Through the comparison of the experimental results under the condition of monotonous increase loading and fluctuation hydraulic loading, the outside diameter distribution, the thickness distribution and the crack expansion forms of deformation zone all fully prove that the uniformity of the distribution of tube deformation and formability have been increased significantly under the condition of fluctuation loading without axial feeding, the reasons should be distinguished from the fluctuation hydroforming with axial feeding. In order to study the forming mechanism, uniaxial tensile test of tubes similar to fluctuation loading deformation is designed in this paper, namely intermittent tensile test. It is found that intermittent uniaxial stretch can improve the tube elongation at fracture by about 40% and the deformation distribution is more uniform than that through uniaxial tensile test of the stainless steel tube. In the process of intermittent tensile tests, changes of metal microstructures brought by the loading and unloading processes are the main reasons that improve the formability of the tubes.     

Optimizing loading path and die linetype of large length-to-diameter ratio metal stator screw lining hydroforming

In order to meet the high temperature environment requirement of deep and superdeep well exploitation, a technology of large length-to-diameter ratio metal stator screw lining meshing with rotor is presented. Based on the elastic-plasticity theory, and under the consideration of the effect of tube size, material mechanical parameters, friction coefficient and loading paths, the external pressure plastic forming mechanical model of metal stator screw lining is established, to study the optimal loading path of metal stator lining tube hydroforming process. The results show that wall thickness reduction of the external pressure tube hydroforming(THF) is about 4%, and three evaluation criteria of metal stator screw lining forming quality are presented: fillet stick mold coefficient, thickness relative error and forming quality coefficient. The smaller the three criteria are, the better the forming quality is.Each indicator has a trend of increase with the loading rate reducing, and the adjustment laws of die arc transition zone equidistance profile curve are acquired for improving tube forming quality. Hence, the research results prove the feasibility of external pressure THF used for processing high-accuracy large length-to-diameter ratio metal stator screw lining, and provide theoretical basis for designing new kind of stator structure which has better performance and longer service life.     

Mechanism of weld-line movement within hydroforming of tailor-welded tube

To reveal the reason of weld-line movement in hydroforming of a tailor-welded tube (TWT) with dissimilar thickness,the stress ratio of axial stress to circumferential stress is derived by mechanical analysis and analyzed between the thicker and thinner tubes,as well as the property of the axial strain. During TWT hydroforming,tensile strain along axial direction happens on the thinner tube. On the contrary,compressive strain happens on the thicker tube. Experiments are conducted to varify the weld-line movement regularity and strain distribution. It indicates that the weld-line moves from the thinner part to the thicker during TWT hydroforming. The thinning ratio of the thinner tube is bigger than that of the thicker tube,especially in the zone near weldline. Stress ratio difference between the thicker tube and the thinner tube is the main reason of weld-line movement and non-uniform thinning ratio distribution.     

基于Dynaform的三通管件液压成形影响因素分析

通过采用Dynaform软件对三通管件液压成形过程进行模拟仿真,确定了影响其成形质量的因素,得到了各参数对管件成形的影响规律,通过控制各参数可有效地提高三通管件液压成形的质量,提高生产效率。     

圆管液压胀形过程的实验分析

圆管通过液压成形的方法可以被加工成异型截面管,本文选择了中腰鼓异型截面管为研究对象,根据变化不同的液压参数,实现对管子形状的控制,找到了一条符合要求的加载路径,为生产这类零件提供了实践参考.     

轴向进给速度对内高压成形三通管影响的有限元分析

利用有限元法证实了内高压成形三通管的可行性,给出了不同轴向进给速度下零件的壁厚及应变分布,并就轴向进给速度对成形的影响进行了分析.结果表明,轴向进给速度的选取对内高压成形三通管具有重要影响.     

汽车桥壳液压胀形工艺的研究及最新进展

介绍了半滑动式液压胀形的基本思想以及小型汽车桥壳的液压胀形工艺过程,在普通液压机上试制出模拟样件。提出了钢管胀压成形工艺,先将两端缩径的管坯进行液压胀形得到轴对称的预成形管坯,再对其内部充液（水）并用模具压制成形,并试制出胀压成形桥壳样件。与液压胀形样件比较表明：胀压成形样件轮廓清楚,桥包部分过渡小圆角贴模性好,壁厚减薄量小,成形液压力低。     

Characteristics of thickness distribution of tailor-welded tube hydroforming

Both experimental and mechanical analyses were carried out to investigate the characteristics of thickness distribution for tailor-welded tube (TWT) hydroforming with dissimilar thickness. Then, the effects of weld-seam position and thickness difference were also revealed. A multiple-diameter tube was formed to reveal the characteristics and the regularity of thickness distribution during TWT hydroforming. It is indicated that there are obvious fluctuations in thickness distribution though the TWTs have the same expansion ratio. The thinning ratio of thinner tube is bigger than that of thicker tube especially in the zone closed to the weld-seam. The difference in thinning ratio between two tube segments can reach 9%. Consequently, sudden and large fluctuation of thickness appears in the zone nearby the weld-seam. The difference in thinning ratio between thinner and thicker tubes enlarges as the thickness difference increases, but improves as length ratio increases. Different strain states are the main reason to induce nonuniform thickness distribution. The difference in thickness is the main reason to induce different strain states on thinner and thicker tubes.