葡萄糖酸钠与高效减水剂复合使用对水泥水化历程的影响

用直接测温法及X射线衍射技术,系统研究了葡萄糖酸钠与萘系、氨基磺酸盐系及聚羧酸盐系3种高效减水剂复合使用对水泥水化热、水化温峰、温峰出现时间及不同水化龄期Ca(OH)2和钙矾石(AFt)生成量等方面的影响.结果表明:与糖钙和三聚磷酸钠相比,葡萄糖酸钠及其与高效减水剂复合对水泥水化历程的影响规律明显不同.单掺葡萄糖酸钠使水泥水化第2放热峰出现时间延迟,但温峰值及水化热与空白样基本持平,温峰时的Ca(OH)2生成量增大.复合使用葡萄糖酸钠与高效减水剂时,与不同品种高效减水剂复合使用对水泥水化历程的影响不同.     

减水剂对水泥净浆早期自收缩性能的影响

以水泥净浆为研究对象,研究了萘磺酸盐系、聚羧酸盐系和氨基磺酸盐系3种高效减水荆对混凝土早期自收缩性能的影响.研究发现,减水剂对水泥石的毛细孔细化作用、缓凝作用以及抑制水化作用使其早期自收缩增大.此外,水泥的水化初期,水泥石的自收缩随着减水剂掺量的增加而降低;而随着水化的不断进行,其自收缩随着减水荆掺量的增加而增大.     

单环芳烃型高效减水剂对水泥水化浆体微观影响

从水化热、水化产物、水泥浆体孔隙结构、微观结构变化4个方面,研究了单环芳烃型高效减水剂对水泥水化反应的影响.使用TAM Ai进行水化热测定表明,掺加单环芳烃型高效减水剂可延缓水泥初期水化和明显降低水化热,MRI分析表明同龄期的掺单环芳烃型高效减水剂水泥浆体与空白样相比孔隙总体积与总孔隙率都有增加的趋势,水泥浆体孔径分布变化不大.XRD、TG-DTA、SEM分析表明掺加单环芳烃型高效减水剂抑制水泥水化过程中水化产物Ca(OH)<,2>和水化硅酸钙产生,不影响水化产物与水化过程最终结果,掺加单环芳烃型高效减水剂使氢氧化钙、钙矾石与C-S-H等水泥水化产物细化.     

萘系减水剂不同掺加方法的作用机理的研究

本文通过水泥和水泥熟料矿物对减水剂的吸附及电化学测定,认为萘系减水剂不同掺法的作用机理主要与减水剂的吸附平恒浓度及水泥颗粒的ζ-电位有关,而这两者又取决于水泥中各熟料矿物的水化程度和电性质。本文还通过化学结合水和水化热以及流变参数等的测定,探讨了减水剂不同掺法对水泥浆体水化动力学过程和流变性能的影响,并提出了减水剂后掺—分两次加水的新方法。     

水泥沥青浆体中减水剂与乳化沥青的竞争吸附行为

为揭示水泥沥青砂浆(CA砂浆)中水泥对乳化沥青和减水剂的吸附规律,采用微量热仪分析了减水剂、乳化沥青(单掺及同掺)对水泥水化诱导期的延迟作用.采用"固含法"研究了减水剂种类对水泥-乳化沥青经时吸附规律的影响,以及减水剂在不同添加顺序时对水泥-乳化沥青经时吸附规律的影响.采用偏光显微镜对减水剂作用下水泥-乳化沥青的吸附行为进行了原位观测.结果表明:CA砂浆中的乳化沥青和减水剂均能显著延迟水泥的水化诱导期,两者同掺使延迟作用产生了明显的协同效应;聚羧酸减水剂与乳化沥青对水泥的吸附作用存在明显的竞争关系,两者同掺时水泥优先吸附减水剂分子,减水剂耗尽后,水泥再吸附乳化沥青.减水剂后掺时可使部分吸附的乳化沥青发生解吸附.     

葡萄糖酸钠与聚羧酸减水剂的复合效应研究

研究了聚羧酸减水剂与葡萄糖酸钠的复合使用对水泥浆体的凝结时间、净浆流动性、强度、水化热的影响,并采用XRD分析水泥水化产物的变化。结果表明:适量的葡萄糖酸钠能显著提高聚羧酸减水剂的分散性和分散保持性,改善水泥与聚羧酸减水剂的适应性,延长凝结时间,并使3 d7、d强度有所提高;单掺葡萄糖酸钠使水泥水化第2放热峰出现时间延迟2 h,但温峰值及水化热与空白样基本持平,1 d、7 d CH的生成量减少。复合使用葡萄糖酸钠与聚羧酸减水剂时,水泥净浆水化温峰出现时间延迟15 h,水化温峰提高,1 d、7 d CH的生成量较单掺葡萄糖酸钠时有所增大。     

集料与硅酸盐水泥石界面区的若干研究

利用XRD层析法和SEM研究了集料与硅酸盐水泥石界面区的组成、CH晶体取向指数等。实验结果表明,界面区中水化产物主要是C-S-H凝胶、CH晶体、AFt、孔隙以及未水化的熟料矿物;界面区中CH晶体发育良好,取向作用较强,界面处它以(001)面平行于集料表面生长;水化龄期增长或水灰比提高时,CH晶体取向作用增强,而且水灰比高时,界面区中孔洞、裂纹增多,降低界面粘结强度;水泥中掺入5.0%wt硅灰后,CH晶体取向作用下降;水泥中掺入5.0wt%FDN减水剂,由于水泥早期水化程度低,对水泥石-集料早期粘结强度不利,但28d后其粘结强度就能赶上并超过其它试样。     

减水剂在水泥-水界面的吸附现象

目的 研究水泥与减水剂在水介质中的一系列界面物理化学现象,分析水泥与减水剂的相互作用机理,确定系统中界面物理化学现象,指导混凝土外加剂的生产实践.方法 实验选用了萘系减水剂(UNF-5)、氨基磺酸盐系减水剂(AS)、聚羧酸系减水剂(PC-1,PC-2)4种减水剂和基准水泥,研究减水剂在水泥-水界面的吸附现象,通过吸附现象分析减水剂对水泥-水界面动电性质的改变,同时根据吸附量、ζ电位讨论减水剂对水泥净浆流动度的影响.结果 在吸附平衡时,吸附量由大到小排列为UNF-5＞AS＞PC-1＞PC-2.随着吸附量的增加,水泥颗粒表面ζ电位随之增大,最终导致水泥净浆流动度也随着增大.结论 减水剂在水泥-水界面的吸附等温线为双平台型(LS),属于多分子层吸附.阴离子型减水剂皆会通过静电斥力使水泥颗粒得到分散,其中氨基磺酸盐系减水剂和聚羧酸系减水剂通过静电斥力和空间位阻双重作用使水泥颗粒得到分散,从而使水泥的净浆流动度得到提高.     

氧化-醚化淀粉作水泥减水剂的制备及性能(二)

考察氧化-醚化淀粉对水泥水化凝结时间影响,通过XRD、TAMair等温微热量热仪进行水化性能表征。结果表明:与萘系高效减水剂相比在掺量0.6%时减水作用优于萘系,流动度经30 min反而增加22.4%,2 h内基本无损失,但有明显缓凝作用,水化放热峰出现在75 h,但不影响后期水化,7 d时抗压强度已达国家标准,28 d时抗压强度比可达127%,可作为水泥的一种优良缓凝型高效减水剂使用。     

粉煤灰与矿粉改进减水剂与水泥相容性的研究

采用萘系、聚羧酸系减水剂与粉煤灰、矿粉双掺法,进行水泥流动性的试验,测定净浆流动度损失,研究粉煤灰、矿粉对减水剂与水泥相容性影响,研究发现,粉煤灰、矿粉能有效改进萘系、聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥的相容性;而聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥的相容性比萘系减水剂好．     

硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐水泥混合体系的试验研究

研究了不同比例的硅酸盐、硫铝酸盐水泥混合体系的凝结时间、水泥砂浆的强度性能,并对一定混合比例的OPC-SAC水泥进行了XRD、SEM和水化量热测试。结果表明,硅酸盐水泥与硫铝酸盐水泥混合,SAC中的C4A3-S矿物与OPC中的C3S矿物在共同水化过程中有相互促进的作用,会使混合水泥水化和凝结加速;混合水泥的强度性能与两种水泥的混合比例有关。本研究可对硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐水泥混合体系的应用提供借鉴。     

基于水化动力学模型的水泥基材料温度效应

为探究温度对水泥浆水化过程的影响,采用等温量热仪测试了水泥浆样品在20,30和40 ℃的水化放热量和水化放热速率,获得了水化度α和表观活化能Ea并利用Krstulovic-Dabic模型计算了相应阶段动力学参数K和n,探讨不同温度的水泥浆体的水化机理。结果表明,水化动力学参数随温度升高显著增大,水泥浆在20~40 ℃的水化表观活化能Ea为37.63 kJ/mol,且升高温度促进0~72 h内水泥水化度的增长。20 ℃下的水泥浆具有NG-I-D过程,而30 ℃和40 ℃下的水泥浆只具有NG-D过程,表明升高温度使水化阶段的持续时间缩短,且反应速率加快。研究可为水泥基材料在不同环境温度下施工时控制浇筑时间以及掌握强度的发展趋势,提供一定的理论依据。     

Influence of ultra-fine fly ash on hydration shrinkage of cement paste

1INTRODUCTION Hydrationshrinkageisalsoknownaschemicalshrinkage[1].Thesolidvolumeincreasesafterce menthydrating,buttheabsolutevolumeofcementwatersystemreduces.Usuallythetotalamountofvolumeshrinkageofcementwatersystemis7%9%[1,2].Withthedevelopmentofthetechno logyofcementandconcrete,concretewithhighstrengthandhighperformanceisthedevelopingtendencynow.However,nowadays,comparedwithordinaryconcrete,thehydrationshrinkageofhighperformancecementconcreteincreasesobvi ouslybecauseoftheaccelerationof…     

水泥粒径分布对混凝土绝热温升影响的模拟

为了模拟水泥粒径分布对混凝土绝热温升过程的影响,建立了一个基于水化深度的水化模型．该模型假定混凝土中水泥水化过程由水化深度控制,且水化深度随时间的发展与颗粒粒径无关;通过水泥等温放热曲线试验推导得出最大水化深度的存在;假定温度对水化过程的影响满足Arrhenius公式．通过混凝土绝热温升仪测定了3种不同初始温度下的绝热温升曲线,以此得到水化模型所需的基准水化速率曲线．最后将建立的水化模型用于模拟混凝土的绝热温升曲线,结果表明:基于水化深度的水化模型能够准确模拟水泥粒径分布和初始温度对混凝土绝热温升的影响．     

重金属铅对硫铝酸盐水泥水化及其浸出毒性的影响

研究了硫铝酸盐水泥体系下重金属铅对水泥水化进程的影响,以及硫铝酸盐水泥对重金属铅的固化/稳定效果分析.研究表明,重金属铅掺量达到一定阀值（本试验条件下为2.0%）时,才会对硫铝酸盐水泥水化产生明显影响.用硫铝酸盐水泥对重金属铅进行固化效果良好,重金属铅通过物理固封、替代或吸附等形式可固化入水化产物结构中,且2.0%硝酸铅掺量浸出毒性试验结果控制在国家标准要求之内.     

Effect of superplasticizers on the early age hydration of sulfoaluminate cement

The effects of two types of superplasticizers on the properties of CSA cement pastes during early hydration were studied. The influences of two types of superplasticizers on the properties of cement pastes, including the normal consistency, setting time, fl uidity, and compressive strength, were investigated by using various methods. The hydration products of the cement pastes cured for 1 day and 3 days were studied by X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results show that the PCE type superplasticizer retards the early age hydration while the FDN type superplasticizer accelerates the early age hydration of the CSA cement. Both types of superplasticizers have no infl uence on the further hydration of CSA cement, confi rmed by the calorimeter tests as well. The ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements were used to probe the influence of two types of superplasticizers on the hydration of CSA cement pastes at a high water-cement ratio（0.45）. The results show that the PCE type superplasticizer retards the early age hydration of the CSA cement while the FDN type superplasticizer has little infl uence on the early age hydration of the CSA cement.     

Coupled effect of cement hydration and temperature on hydraulic behavior of cemented tailings backfill

Cemented tailings backfill(CTB) is made by mixing cement, tailings and water together, thus cement hydration and water seepage flow are the two crucial factors affecting the quality of CTB. Cement hydration process can release significant amount of heat to raise the temperature of CTB and in turn increase the rate of cement hydration. Meanwhile, the progress of cement hydration consumes water and produces hydration products to change the pore structures within CTB, which further influences the hydraulic behavior of CTB. In order to understand the hydraulic behavior of CTB, a numerical model was developed by coupling the hydraulic,thermal and hydration equations. This model was then implemented into COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate the evolutions of temperature and water seepage flow within CTB versus curing time. The predicted outcomes were compared with correspondent experimental results, proving the validity and availability of this model. By taking advantage of the validated model, effects of various initial CTB and curing temperatures, cement content, and CTB's geometric shapes on the hydraulic behavior of CTB were demonstrated numerically. The presented conclusions can contribute to preparing more environmentally friendly CTB structures.     

Model Analysis of Initial Hydration and Strueture Forming of Portland Cement

The auto efficiently hydration heat arrangement and the non-contacting electrical resistivity device were used to test the thermology effect and the resistivity variation of Portland cement hydration. The structure forming model of Portland cement initial hydration was established through the systematical experiments with different cements,the amount of mixing water and the chemical admixture.The experimental results show that,the structure forming model of cement could be divided into three stages,i e,solution-solution equilibrium period,structure forming period and structure stabilizing period.Along with the increase of mixing water,the time of inflexion appeared is in advance for thermal process of cement hydration and worsened for the structure forming process.Comparison with the control specimen,adding Na_2SO_4 makes the minimum critical point lower,the flattening period shorter and the growing slope after stage one steeper.So the hydration and structure forming process of Portland cement could be described more exactly by applying thc thermal model and the structure-forming model.     

Model Analysis of Initial Hydration and Structure Forming of Portland Cement

The auto efficiently hydration heat arrangement and the non-contacting electrical resistivity device were used to test the therrnology effect and the resistivity variation of Portland cement hydration. The structure forming model of Portland cement initial hydration was established through the systematical experiments with different cements, the amount of mixing water and the chemical admixture. The experimental results show that, the structure forming model of cement could be divided into three stages, i e, solution-solution equilibrium period, structure forming period and structure stabilizing period. Along with the increase of mixing water, the time of inflexion appeared is in advance for thermal process of cement hydration and worsened for the structure forming process. Comparison with the control specimen, adding Na2SO4 makes the minimum critical point lower, the flattening period shorter and the growing slope after stage one steeper. So the hydration and structure forming process of Portland cement could be described more exactly by applying the thermal model and the structure-forming model.