超导储能提高电力系统暂态稳定性理论探讨

超导储能装置（Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage devices,SMES）现已在电力系统中获得了越来越多的应用。对储能装置串并联接入系统的2种情况进行分析,通过理论推导得出了储能装置的加入可以提高线路输送容量以及提高系统暂态稳定裕度的结论,探讨论证了储能技术提高电力系统暂态稳定性的理论依据。最后,在四机两区域系统上,进行了仿真研究,验证了超导储能装置在改善电力系统暂态稳定性,抑制系统振荡方面的效果。     

超导磁储能系统(SMES)在高压输电中的应用

概述了国内外的应用研究状况 ,分析了超导磁储能系统 (SMES)的结构及工作原理、经济和技术可行性。说明SMES能为电力系统提供快速响应容量 ,在高压长距离输电的大电网中 ,是一种理想的提高电力系统动态性能和解决系统稳定性的手段 ,能有效的改善系统的稳定性和可靠性     

含风电-SMES的电力系统暂态稳定概率评估

大规模风电并网给电力系统的稳定运行带来了新的挑战,储能是应对这一挑战的技术之一。以超导磁储能(SMES)为例,提出了含风电-SMES储能的电力系统暂态稳定概率评估方法。首先搭建了一个含有风电和储能的仿真测试平台,其中：风电场采用双馈型风力发电机等值模拟,储能的模型采用SMES的三阶模型。在此基础上,研究了含风电和SMES的电力系统暂态稳定概率评估的方法,重点考虑了故障扰动和风速波动等随机因素,故障扰动包括故障位置、故障类型、故障持续时间以及重合闸成功与否等。基于二分法和蒙特卡罗仿真,量化了系统失稳的风险,建立了风电场的渗透率、储能容量和系统稳定性之间的定量关系。最后,结合SMES的技术经济性分析,给出了最优储能容量计算方法。     

电力系统稳定控制用高温超导磁储能装置及实验研究

超导磁储能稳定控制装置是将超导电力技术、大功率电力电子技术和控制理论相结合的一种新型电力系统稳定控制装置。它从及时补偿系统中由于各种原因产生的不平衡功率这一个新的角度出发考虑提高电力系统稳定性的问题，可望为解决由于功率不平衡产生的电力系统失稳问题提供一条新的途径。理论研究结果表明，这是一种非常有效的电力系统稳定控制措施。为了促进这一成果的广泛应用，同时进一步研究这种装置在实现过程中可能产生的问题，该作者在实验室环境中研制了一套基于直接冷却技术的高温超导磁储能控制装置样机，并在电力系统动态模拟实验室环境下，对该样机的性能进行了实验，得到了满意的结果。该文在简述利用超导磁储能控制装置进行电力系统稳定控制原理和特点的基础上，详细介绍了研制的高温超导磁储能稳定控制装置实验样机的构成和功率调节特性实验结果，以及将它用于电力系统动态模拟系统进行稳定控制的实验结果。     

超导储能改善并网风电场稳定性的研究

建立了风电机组和超导储能(SMES)装置的数学模型以研究SMES对并网风电场运行稳定性的改善.针对风电系统中经常出现的联络线短路故障和风电场的风速扰动,提出利用SMES安装点的电压偏差作为SMES有功控制器的控制信号的策略.对实例系统进行的仿真计算结果表明,SMES采用该控制策略,不仅可以在网络故障后有效地提高风电场的稳定性,而且能够在快速的风速扰动下平滑风电场的功率输出,降低风电场对电网的冲击.     

超导储能装置提高风电场暂态稳定性的研究

对风电场安装使用超导磁储能装置增强风电场暂态稳定性进行了研究。在建立超导磁储能装置模型的基础上,提出了改善并网风电场暂态稳定性的超导磁储能装置控制策略,采用以网侧电压定向的矢量控制方案并通过附加前馈项实现其输出有功功率、无功功率的解耦控制。在电力系统分析软件DIgSILENT/PowerFactory中建立了超导磁储能装置及其控制的仿真模型,基于实际电网及风电场的仿真结果验证了所建模型的正确性、控制策略的可行性。简要介绍了超导磁储能装置在并网风力发电系统的应用前景。     

超导储能装置提高风电场暂态稳定性的研究

对风电场安装使用超导磁储能装置增强风电场暂态稳定性进行了研究.在建立超导磁储能装置模型的基础上,提出了改善并网风电场暂态稳定性的超导磁储能装置控制策略,采用以网侧电压定向的矢量控制方案并通过附加前馈项实现其输出有功功率、无功功率的解耦控制.在电力系统分析软件DIgSILENT/PowerFactory中建立了超导磁储能装置及其控制的仿真模型,基于实际电网及风电场的仿真结果验证了所建模型的正确性、控制策略的可行性.简要介绍了超导磁储能装置在并网风力发电系统的应用前景.     

超导储能装置用于改善暂态电压稳定性的研究

建立了超导储能装置(SMES)在暂态电压稳定性分析中的简化数学模型.SMES经双桥系统的电流源型换流电路与电力系统相连.研究了具有快速响应特性的SMES在提高电力系统暂态电压稳定性方面的作用和其无功控制策略,以及采用不等触发角控制时的控制原则.在Matlab平台上编制了暂态仿真程序,对典型3机10母线系统进行了仿真计算.仿真结果表明,超导储能装置安装在动态负荷处,采用无功-电压控制方式能够有效地提高系统的暂态电压稳定性.     

超导储能装置应用于风电场平滑功率输出的研究

建立了风电机组和超导储能(superconducting magnetic energy storage,SMES)装置的数学模型以研究SMES对并网风电场运行稳定性的改善。针对风电系统中经常出现的联络线短路故障和风电场的风速扰动,提出利用SMES安装点的电压偏差作为SMES有功控制器的控制信号的策略。并搭建了风电场接入电网后的仿真模型,对实例系统进行的仿真计算结果表明,SMES采用该控制策略,不仅可以在网络故障后有效地提高风电场的稳定性,而且能够在快速的风速扰动下平滑风电场的功率输出,降低风电场对电网的冲击。     

基于反馈线性化的超导磁储能装置控制器研究

以含超导磁储能SMES(SuperconductingMagneticEnergyStorage)装置的单机无穷大电力系统为研究对象,建立了其非线性数学模型。在此模型基础上,提出了一种基于反馈线性化方法和线性最优控制理论的SMES控制规律的简便设计方法。一个重要的特点是:在所构成的线性系统中,通过坐标变换引入了发电机机端电压,因此,可以方便地实现使用SMES同时对系统的功角和电压稳定进行控制。仿真结果表明该控制器对改善系统的阻尼特性和提高系统的电压稳定性都具有良好的控制效果,同时也验证了该控制器的可行性。     

Game-theoretic analysis of a buy-back system and a cogenerator-customer wheeling system

Electricity markets are experiencing widespread changes that are significantly altering the industry. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the economic consequence of various rules of purchased power pricing and wheeling fees of an electric utility by game theory. A regulator, an electric utility, and a cogenerator are included in this model as players of the game. Consider an extensive game model of an electricity market where a cogenerator sells excess electricity to anelectric utility or an end user. The regulator behaves so as to maximize social welfare. The electric utility and the cogenerator intend to maximize their own profit. The wheeling fee between the electric utility and the cogenerator is adjusted to maximize the sum of incremental profits. We have found that a buy-back system (the utility purchases cogenerated power) and a cogenerator-customer wheeling system are equally efficient and are more desirable than a monopoly system. The buy-back rate should be equal to (in the LP bargaining solution) or less than (in the Nash bargaining solution) the marginal cost of the electric utility. We also conducted an analysis of two-period electricity market.     

Hybrid system reduction method using a reduced system regulator

In order to analyze the transient stability of large‐scale power systems, it is advantageous to apply the system reduction method to external systems. The short‐circuit current method is a typical engineering reduction technique. However, the dominant eigenvalues are not necessarily conserved in the reduced system. Therefore, the hybrid reduction method, in which controller parameters are adjusted to conserve the dominant eigenvalues, was proposed. Automatic voltage regulators (AVR) and power system stabilizers (PSS) have been used for parameter adjustment so far. However, since there are many parameters in AVR and PSS, complicated procedures are required to adjust them. Therefore, in this paper, the reduced system regulator (RSR) is proposed for the hybrid system reduction method. The RSR has only two parameters for adjustment. It is easier to adjust the RSR than AVR/PSS. In addition, the initial gains of the RSR are set to zero so that the dynamic behavior of the system is not influenced before adjustment. The effect and accuracy of the hybrid system reduction method with RSR are examined using a typical longitudinal power system, the IEEJ WEST 10‐machine system model. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 179(4): 33–40, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21258     

Large-scale system testing of a power system dynamic equivalencingprogram

This paper presents the results of applying the EPRI Dynamic Equivalencing Program to a large-scale system test case of the New York Power Pool. The effects of coherent generator selection, network reduction, generator aggregation, and generator modeling on the accuracy of the reduced models are investigated     

Development of a real-time power system dynamic performancemonitoring system

Power systems have grown in both size and complexity, and the dynamic characteristics of the systems vary, as well. A computer simulation revealed the possibility of low-frequency oscillation after the connection of a cogeneration plant to the utility grid. Though there are several possible methods to improve the dynamic stability performance of the system, a thorough understanding of the system characteristics and possible operating conditions is required before an appropriate measure can be proposed. In order to collect more operating information without affecting normal system operation, a programmable logic controller (PLC)-based dynamic performance monitoring system (DPMS) was designed and installed at the tie substation. The recorded information will be valuable for system analysis and/or power system stabilizer (PSS) design. The DPMS design, its laboratory testing results, and several field-operation records are discussed in this paper     

Three-part harmony: system interactions leading to a divergentresonant system

The technology to deliver efficient, low cost, and reliable thyristors with large stand off voltage and large saturation current capability to the marketplace, has led to nonlinear loads that corrupt the commercial 60 Hz power distribution system. The combined effects of the switching harmonics, the poor power factor of nonlinear loads, and the use of capacitors for power factor correction has led to a phenomenon that creates a transmission line resonance that has led to significant destructive failure mechanisms     

Develop a wireless measurement system

Overview Wireless communication offers many benefits for measurement applications, including lower wiring costs, simple data transfer, and remote monitoring capabilities. There are several ways to take advantage of wireless communication with National Instruments measurement hardware and LabVIEW, as this document details     

融合定位系统的变电站在线防误系统

针对变电站五防电脑钥匙在离线操作模式下存在的误操作和走空程隐患,以及操作人员误入带电间隔等风险,基于远距离无线电(long range radio, LoRa)通信技术和超宽带-载波相位差分(ultra wide band and real-time kinematic, UWB-RTK)定位技术,研发了一种融合定位系统的在线防误系统。智能电脑钥匙在倒闸操作前,通过LoRa通信链路实时请求防误主机校验逻辑规则,倒闸操作后向防误主机回传操作票验证执行结果。定位系统通过操作人员携带的一体化定位终端,采集人员位置信息并共享给防误主机。防误主机在执行操作票时,通过核对人员与被操作设备位置信息的匹配情况,解锁或闭锁电脑钥匙操作权限。测试结果表明,该系统实现了操作过程中设备、人员、操作各要素的在线监视和管控,可有效地降低倒闸操作的安全风险。