基于分块的自适应多特征融合目标跟踪

基于RGB直方图的目标跟踪易受背景相似颜色的影响.针对该问题,提出一种分块的自适应多特征权值融合跟踪算法.采用K-S相似性度量准则对边缘方向直方图(EOH)和RGB直方图的特征权值进行融合,实现目标跟踪.实验结果表明,与单一的RGB或EOH特征跟踪算法相比,该算法的跟踪准确率较高,具有较强的抗遮挡能力.     

基于遮挡检测和多块位置信息融合的分块目标跟踪算法

目标跟踪无法有效判断目标何时被遮挡以及同时配合模板更新.针对这一问题,文中提出基于遮挡检测和多块位置信息融合的分块目标跟踪算法.首先,将目标区域分成4个子块,结合目标整体,利用遮挡具有从局部开始和方向性的特点,计算各分块间相关值的比值,判断目标是否遮挡及遮挡部位.再根据目标是否遮挡,采用不同的更新方式.最后,根据未被遮挡的各个分块位置信息确定最终目标的位置.在数据集上的实验表明,文中算法可以有效判定目标是否存在遮挡,并提升遮挡情况下的跟踪效果.     

基于颜色纹理直方图的带权分块均值漂移目标跟踪算法

融合了传统的颜色直方图并基于局部二元模式表示的纹理特征来表示跟踪目标,提出一种基于颜色纹理直方图的带权分块均值漂移目标跟踪算法.为了更好地解决目标遮挡和姿势改变的问题,在跟踪过程中将跟踪目标分割成多个互不遮挡的矩形分块,对每一个矩形分块独立采用基于背景权重的均值漂移算法,并结合每一个分块求得的最佳目标位置得到目标物体在...     

基于多特征融合的压缩跟踪算法

压缩跟踪将压缩感知理论引入到目标跟踪领域,较好地实现了跟踪的实时性,但是在复杂环境或遮挡情况下,仅利用分类分数最大值的矩形样本确定目标位置容易产生跟踪漂移,而且该算法没有考虑目标尺度因素。针对这些问题,提出了融合局部中心区域梯度方向直方图和多尺度矩形的多特征压缩跟踪算法,并提出利用多样本矩形平均的方法确定最终的目标位置。实验结果表明：该算法在目标剧烈运动、遮挡或者相似物体干扰的场景下能够有效抑制跟踪漂移,提高了跟踪的准确率和鲁棒性。     

基于双特征的多模块目标跟踪算法

针对运动目标在受到严重遮挡时难以被精确跟踪的问题,提出一种融合颜色和LBP (local binary pattern)纹理特征的多模块跟踪算法.综合考虑目标与背景的特征显著性和相似性两个因素建立比值关系进行量化分析,选取了能够最大程度区分前景目标和背景的颜色空间特征,并结合LBP纹理特征建立概率分布直方图.利用卡尔曼滤波器预测均值漂移算法的初始迭代位置.引入相似度因子来定义新的遮挡判决准则,自适应采用多模块模型进行跟踪.仿真实验结果表明了该算法的有效性.     

基于卡尔曼滤波的多区域关联运动目标跟踪

针对视频目标跟踪中的遮挡及跟踪漂移问题,提出一种基于卡尔曼滤波的多区域关联运动目标跟踪算法。该算法将目标划分为多个区域并构建无向图,通过卡尔曼滤波预测出各区域中心,再结合灰度直方图匹配及相邻区域的位置关系,计算出各区域观测中心,最后应用卡尔曼滤波修正观测中心实现跟踪。对两区域人体目标跟踪的实验结果表明,与各区域单独采用Mean Shift跟踪算法相比,所提算法在目标遮挡、目标与背景特征相似的情况下,依然具有较好的鲁棒性和实时性。     

多物体遮挡情况下的视觉跟踪算法

针对视频监控中多运动物体间的遮挡问题,提出一种结合全局特征匹配与局部特征匹配的目标跟踪算法.该算法采用基于直方图和基于分块的方法共同表达目标的灰度特征.遮挡发生前实时进行遮挡预判,遮挡时采用基于块分类的方法跟踪目标,遮挡结束后通过直方图匹配重新定位目标.实验结果表明了该方法的有效性和优越性.     

无人机对船舶目标的改进CamShift跟踪算法研究

针对由于CamShift算法跟踪特征单一引起的对颜色相似目标或背景的干扰和对目标遮挡情况较敏感的问题,提出了一种基于改进CamShift融合局部特征匹配的无人机目标跟踪算法.首先,采用基于 H分量和LBP二维模板的改进CamShift目标跟踪算法以提高对相似目标干扰的鲁棒性;其次,在能保证目标跟踪的实时性要求的前提下,融合局部特征匹配算法中的BRISK匹配算法,可有效改善CamShift对颜色相似目标或背景的干扰的敏感性,同时增强对目标遮挡鲁棒性.实验结果表明,该改进算法通过颜色特征和局部特征的共同定位目标,实现了目标的准确跟踪.     

多模型协作的分块目标跟踪

为解决复杂场景下,基于整体表观模型的目标跟踪算法容易丢失目标的问题,提出一种多模型协作的分块目标跟踪算法.融合基于局部敏感直方图的产生式模型和基于超像素分割的判别式模型构建目标表观模型,提取局部敏感直方图的亮度不变特征来抵制光照变化的影响;引入目标模型的自适应分块划分策略以解决局部敏感直方图算法缺少有效遮挡处理机制的问题,提高目标的抗遮挡性;通过相对熵和均值聚类度量子块的局部差异置信度和目标背景置信度,建立双权值约束机制和子块异步更新策略,在粒子滤波框架下,选择置信度高的子块定位目标.实验结果表明,本文方法在复杂场景下具有良好的跟踪精度和稳定性.     

基于CamShift融合局部特征匹配的无人机目标跟踪研究

针对由于CamShift算法跟踪特征单一引起的对颜色相似目标或背景的干扰和对目标遮挡情况较敏感的问题,提出了一种CamShift融合局部特征匹配的无人机目标跟踪算法。实验表明,局部特征匹配算法中BRISK匹配算法在特征检测和特征描述阶段都表现出了较好的性能,融合CamShift算法和BRISK算法的目标跟踪算法在能保证目标跟踪的实时性要求的前提下,改善了CamShift对颜色相似目标或背景的干扰的敏感性,同时增强了对目标遮挡鲁棒性。该方法通过颜色特征和局部特征的共同定位目标,实现了目标的准确跟踪。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate